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Biomedical subjects

T Garam

Publications and source records attributed to T Garam.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in Parkinson's disease.

The possible role of a non-specific cell-mediated immune reaction in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is discussed. It was found that the killer cell activity of PD patients below 60 years of age was significantly lower than in the older age groups or in the age-matched control group. On the other hand, it was also found that the killer cell activity of PD patients with severe symptoms (Hoehn-Yahr's IV, V stage) was significantly higher than that of the milder cases. These results support the hypothesis that an ADCC reaction--mediated by the killer cells--may play a role in the pathogenesis of PD.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Relationship between the immune system and the diseases of the central nervous system.

Considering the eventual role of non-specific cell-mediated immune reactions in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's syndrome based on the destruction of dopaminergic cells of the substantia nigra the killer cell activity of patients suffering from this disease has been examined. According to the results the killer cell activity of Parkinson patients is significantly lower in the age group below 60 years as compared to the higher age groups. When comparing the age groups below 60 years, significantly lower activity was measured in the patients than in the controls. Killer cell activity is significantly higher in patients suffering from more severe conditions (Hoehn-Yahr's stage IV-V) when compared to the milder cases. These results suggest the possibility that killer cell-mediated ADCC reaction may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. The results of these examinations open new therapeutic perspectives. It may be hoped that, as a result of our increasing knowledge and technical progress in immunology, the damaged immune system could be selectively influenced and target specific immune therapy could be used in the near future by means of for instance inactivations of cytotoxic cells, elimination of antibodies or other immunological methods.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[Serum aminoterminal type III procollagen peptide level and killer cell activity in patients with alcoholic liver diseases].

The authors examined the aminoterminal type III procollagen peptide level of serums and killer-cell activity peripheric blood lymphocytes with 75 patients suffering from ethanol originated liver diseases as well as control samples from 40 healthy volunteers. Determination of type III procollagen peptide (Fab) took place by the RIA method. The cytotoxic activity of killer-cells was tested against human red blood cells. Both in fatty liver and chronic alcoholic hepatitis the level of type III procollagen peptide increased, while in liver cirrhosis the same level reached a value three times of the normal. At the same time in cirrhosis hepatitis an increased killer-cell activity could be observed. Type III procollagen peptide values were also analysed in view of the cytotoxic capacity of killer-cells. At first ill, then healthy control individuals were divided into three groups according killer-cell activity values. Results have shown that in the group with a high level killer-cell activity average type III procollagen peptide values were significantly greater as compared to those of the medium or low level activity groups. These results might indicate a relation between a conditional antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity reaction and increasing collagen synthesis.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Autoantibody against liver cell membrane and killer cell activity in chronic liver diseases.

The aim of our present study was to examine the ADCC reaction against liver cell in various chronic liver diseases on the basis of indirect evidence. Forty-nine liver patients and one hundred and twenty-three healthy controls were examined. Anti-LSP autoantibody was determined on rat liver membrane by using the indirect immunofluorescent method. On the other hand, Killer-cell activity against human erythrocyte target cells was established in the lymphocytes of peripheral blood. Anti-LSP autoantibodies were demonstrated in seven patients and were associated with the high Killer-cell activity in six cases. Specific ADCC reaction to liver cell membrane can be assumed if anti-LSP autoantibody presence is topped with increased Killer-cell activity.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1990

Killer-cell activity in alcohol-originated diseases of the liver, and the effect of alcohol on the K-cell functions under in vitro conditions.

Non-specific cell immunity and, within it, the change in K-cell activity, can be relevant in alcohol-induced diseases of the liver. It was examined for this reason how alcohol in its different concentrations influences the activity of K-cells under in vitro conditions. Furthermore, the cytotoxic capacity of K-cells was defined in 22 chronic alcoholics and 112 patients with alcohol induced hepatopathies. The latter were divided into subgroups. Cytotoxic capacity of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood was determined in a test against human red blood cells. 123 healthy volunteers made up the control group. A high concentration of alcohol was needed to impede K-cell capacity under in vitro conditions. It is supposed that the gradual growth in K-cell activity registered in cases of alcohol-induced hepatopathy may point--though only indirectly--to the development of an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic reaction.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1988

K cell activity is low in newborn infants.

K cell activity of 18 mature, healthy newborns was measured against O,Rh(D)-positive erythrocytes, sensitized by anti-D antibodies, in cord and venous blood (later obtained 3-4 days after delivery). 53 healthy women served as controls. Activity was determined as a function of target cell number in the enzyme-like kinetic model of cytotoxicity. It was low in cord blood, increased in venous blood by days 3-4 but it did not reach the level of adults. While cytotoxic activity of male infants increased significantly from birth to the 3rd-4th day of life, it did not change in female infants. No correlation was found between the weight and K cell activity of newborns.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1987

Decreased killer cell activity in preeclampsia.

Anti-D antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells was measured against O, Rh (D)-positive erythrocytes in 20 healthy pregnant women (chosen from all trimesters), and in 16 toxemic patients; it was then compared to the cytotoxic activities of 20 women 3 months after parturition and to that of 42 nonpregnant women. The application of an enzyme-like kinetic model for measurement of maximal cytotoxic function has permitted sensitive determination of the K cell function. It was found that during normal pregnancy maternal K cell activity did not change, whereas it was significantly decreased in preeclampsia.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1986

K-cell activity is enhanced intrapartum.

The cytotoxic activity of killer (K)-cells was measured against O Rh(D)-positive human erythrocytes sensitized by anti-D antibodies, in 14 women during normal labor and compared with the K-cell activity of 20 pregnant women (in the 37-40th week of pregnancy) and 42 non-pregnant female controls. K-cell activity was determined by the enzyme-like kinetic cytotoxic model, which measured the maximum of killing capacity. Cytotoxic activity was found to be significantly higher intrapartum. Data are compatible with the possibility that immunologic mechanism(s) are contributing to the onset of parturition.

Cytotoxicity, Immunologic↗
PubMed1985

Cytotoxic activity of peripheral mononuclear cells in normal pregnancy.

Killer-cell activity was studied in healthy pregnants in all three trimesters of pregnancy. Results were compared with values obtained three months after delivery, as well as with similar data of non-pregnant women. The effect of pregnant and non-pregnant sera on cytotoxic activity has also been investigated. Killer-cell activity was measured by a capacity test on antibody coated human red blood cells. According to the results, healthy pregnancy did not influence the maternal killer-cell activity. On the other hand, the various sera had a decreasing effect on the killer-cell activity of both pregnant and non-pregnant women. Attention is called to the aspecific inhibitory effect of sera.

Blood↗
PubMed1984

Non-specific cellular immunity in type I and type II diabetes.

Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against human erythrocytes was investigated in 39 type I and 63 type II diabetic patients in comparison to 177 healthy blood donors. The cytotoxic capacity of lymphocytes from diabetics was significantly increased. The highest values were measured in insulin-treated type II diabetics (after secondary failure of a previous sulfonylurea therapy).--It is suggested that in certain cases of type II diabetes an increased unspecific K cell-and/or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity plays a pathogenetic role in the development of the disease. The latter might possibly be directed against insulin receptors.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1981

Increased killer cell activity in aged humans.

Natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity (NCMC) against a cell line (K-562) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against the same target and against chicken red blood cells were investigated in two age groups (20--45 and 70--98 years old). Proliferative response to PHA and to allogenic cells as well as some subpopulation determinations were also carried out only lymphocytes of the same subjects. In contrast to the significantly decreased proliferative responses, NCMC showed a moderate, and the two ADCC values a highly significant increase in the group of aged subjects. These increased values showed some similarities with the quantitative changes within the T-lymphocyte subpopulations. The incidence of serum samples of NCMC inhibitory activity was only moderately increased in the group of aged subjects as compared to that of the young individuals. On the basis of these results, we concluded that the immune system of healthy aged subjects seems altered or inbalanced rather than depressed to that of the young individuals.

Adult↗