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Biomedical subjects

T Fukuda

Publications and source records attributed to T Fukuda.

At least 1,153 records · Page 64Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Thin-section CT scan of the pituitary gland (author's transl)].

Topographic anatomy of the pituitary fossa was studied by 2 mm thin-section CT scan (Somatom II). Nineteen with normal pituitary (control group) and 20 with suspected pituitary abnormality were selected. Plain and contrast CT were performed in all cases. Contrast CT was carried out immediately after the rapid infusion of 220 ml of 30% iodinated contrast medium. In all of control group but two, pituitary gland was detected as homogenous density and its density was as same as density of normal brain tissues, and was enhanced in degree of about 25 CT number. In 2 cases, small low density was visualized in the pituitary gland. Pituitary gland was differentiated from cavernous sinus was usually higher than the pituitary gland. In abnormal group, the microadenoma of the pituitary gland was diagnosed in 5 cases and 3 out of 5 cases was proved by surgery. All 3 microadenomas proved slightly dense by plain CT and enhanced higher than normal pituitary gland by contrast CT. Polytomograms showed no abnormality of the sella turcica in one of these 3 cases. Although 3 microadenomas were detected by the abnormal enhancement, we are not sure whether all of microadenoma can be detected by CT alone. Arachnoid herniation into the pituitary fossa was diagnosed in 7 of control group and 2 of abnormal group. Four out of these 9 cases were verified by using Metrizamide CT. By plain thin-section CT, the diagnosis of arachnoid herniation seems to be possible without Metrizamide CT.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1982

[The influence of pentobarbital and Y-9179 on regional cerebral blood flow and infarction size in the middle cerebral artery occlusion model in cats (author's transl)].

Following permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in cats, the effect of delayed administration of pentobarbital (PBT) and a novel imidazole derivative (Nizofenone or Y-9179) on the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was studied. The rCBF was measured for one week by the hydrogen clearance technique without anesthesia. The overall effects of these drugs on histological changes were also assessed. Twenty-four animals, in which platinum electrodes were chronically implanted in the ten predetermined positions, were divided into following three groups. The control, PBT and Y-9179 groups received the vehicle, PBT (25 mg/kg/day) and Y-9179 (6.25 mg/kg/day), respectively. Drug administration was started 30 min after MCA occlusion and continued for three days. In the affected hemisphere of the animals which survived for one week, histological examination revealed ischemic lesions composed of the marginal, reactive and central zones. The infarction ratio calculated as the ratio of the damaged area to the whole hemispheric area was significantly smaller in the drug treated groups than in the control. In the Y-9179 group, the reduction of the area comprizing the central and reactive zones was particularly prominent. There were no apparent differences in the time-course of the rCBFs between the control and Y-9179 groups. Each channel showed reduction of the rCBF following MCA occlusion. Although slight fluctuations of the rCBF were seen during the first three to four hours, the initially dropped rCBF remained stable in both groups. In the PBT group, on the other hand, an increase of the rCBF took place following the administration of the drug in the area where the rCBF was initially reduced less than about 40 ml/100g/min after MCA occlusion. Most of the electrodes showing such an increase in the rCBF topographically corresponded to the reactive or boundary zone. In the control group, vasogenic edema characterized by the perivascular exudation of plasma fluid was prominent in the periphery of the central zone as well as in the inner layer of the reactive zone. Such changes were almost absent in the Y-9179 group, whereas it was more evident and close to the control in the PBT group. So far as the correlation between the course of the rCBF and the final histological outcome was examined, there was no evidence indicating the beneficial effect of the redistribution of the rCBF by PBT. Y-9179 had no significant action on the course of the rCBF but its anti-edema effect might be related to its cerebral protective action. The mechanism of cerebral protection by PBT or Y-9179 needs further clarification.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Computed tomography in brain metastases (author's transl)].

CT scan of the one hundred and sixteen metastatic brain tumors in 50 patients was reviewed and compared to the previous reports. The most common primary organ was lung (43%) followed by breast (18%), colon (10%) and kidney (6%). Solitary nodule was found in 20 patients (40%). On plain CT scan, tumor nodules were demonstrated as slightly high density in 38 (33%), isodensity in 50 (43%) and slightly low density in 28 (24%). Majority of tumor nodules were present in the corticomedullary junction (82%). Brain edema seen as a peritumoral low density was extensive in comparison with the edema in the glioma of the similar size. On contrast CT scan, ring like enhancement was seen in 41 (35%). Intra-tumoral bleeding was shown in 2 metastatic nodules from choriocarcinoma and in one metastatic nodule from renal cell carcinoma. All 3 cases were proved by surgery or autopsy.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Ultrastructural changes in Diphyllobothrium latum from a man treated with paromomycin sulfate].

The effect of paromomycin sulfate on Diphyllobothrium latum in vivo in man was examined morphologically with a scanning and a transmission electron microscope. The worm used for this study was expelled from a man by treatment with paromomycin sulfate at 1 dose of 50 mg/kg. The surface of the neck region suffered great damage. The effect of paromomycin sulfate resulted in the progressive breakup of the microtriches and the tegument. Even the basal lamina was lost in some parts. As a result, the muscle layers were exposed directly to the air. In the immature proglottid, the basal lamina remained as an outermost surface, although paromomycin sulfate caused a great loss of the tegument. The mature proglottid was lacking microtriches in some parts. However, most of the tegument was covered with microtriches. The gravid proglottid remained without any loss of microtriches.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Antitumor effect of a water-in-oil-in-water type adriamycin emulsion on Ehrlich solid tumor-bearing mice].

Antitumor effect of water-in-oil-in-water type adriamycin emulsion (emulsion ADM) was examined in comparison with free ADM on the survival time of ICR male mice bearing Ehrlich solid tumor after a subcutaneous inoculation and on the tumor growth by the subcutaneous (SC-SC) or intraperitoneal administration (SC-IP). In the SC-SC system at the dose of 0.2 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg, the mice administered with the emulsion ADM (emulsion ADM group) showed prolonged survival time and stronger inhibitory effect of the tumor growth than free ADM group, and at 1.0 mg/kg, showed statistically significant different inhibition of the tumor growth from free ADM group. Moreover, at 5.0 mg/kg which dose come to manifest the subacute toxicity, emulsion ADM group showed a statistically significant different prolongation of the mean survival time from free ADM group. In the SC-IP system at the dose of 0.2 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg, emulsion ADM group showed a prolonged mean survival time than free ADM group. From these results, it is considered that entrapment of ADM into emulsion reduces the subacute toxicity of the mouse and increases the antitumor effect of the drug against Ehrlich solid tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Effects of methysergide and naloxone on analgesia induced by the peripheral electric stimulation in mice.

We investigated the antinociceptive effects produced by peripheral electric stimulation (PES) in mice and the influence of administration of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), methysergide and naloxone on the antinociceptive effect of the PES. Administration of 5-HTP enhanced antinociceptive effects induced by PES, while methysergide and naloxone abolished this antinociception. The mechanisms of analgesia produced by PES involve both endogenous opiate systems and central serotonergic mechanisms.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗
PubMed1981

Perifollicular, perisinusal and trabecular myofibroblasts in the human fetal spleen.

Electron microscopic studies of the human fetal spleen were performed on 22 embryos and fetuses from 31 days to 32 weeks of age. In the course of splenic development myofibroblasts were frequently observed in the perifollicular and perisinusal regions and within the trabeculae. The perifollicular cells were flattened and markedly elongated in shape and had distinct bundles of microfilaments in their cytoplasm. The perisinusal cells under the sinal basement membrane had microfilaments found in particular beneath the plasmalemma. They were attached to each other and constituted a cellular network throughout the splenic cords. The trabecular myofibroblasts, embedded among the abundant collagen fibers, had elongated and often indented nuclei. The cytoplasm contained well developed Golgi apparatus, abundant rough surfaced ER cisternae and massive bundles of myofilaments. These cells showed cell-to-cell and cell-to-stroma connections and were assumed to play a role in the excretion of lymphocytes from the follicles and in pumping blood from the sinuses by their contraction.

Cytoskeleton↗
PubMed1981

Primary leptomeningeal melanoma with epipharyngeal invasion.

A case of primary leptomeningeal malignant melanoma in a 45-year-old woman is reported. The tumour was located at the basal aspect of the brain with a larger aggregation in the left parasellar and cerebello-pontine angle regions. The tumour showed not only spinal meningeal dissemination but also infiltration into the petrous bone and along the trigeminal nerve till it reached the submucosal tissue of epipharynx. There are a few reported cases of primary leptomeningeal melanoma which invaded areas outside the central nervous system.

Arachnoid↗
PubMed1981

Adjuvant activities of quinonyl-N-acetyl muramyl dipeptides in mice and guinea pigs.

The adjuvant and tumor-suppressive activities of the quinonyl [2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-(9'-carboxynonyl)-1,4-benzoquinone (QS-10)] derivatives of N-acetyl muramyl dipeptides were examined. N-Acetyl muramyl-L-valyl-D-isoglutamine (MurNac-L-Val-D-isoGln), QS-10-MurNAc-L-Val-D-isoGln, and their methyl esters were shown to have potent adjuvant activity on the induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity to monoazobenzenarsonate-N-acetyl-L-tyrosine in guinea pigs and on the primary immune response against sheep erythrocytes in vitro; however, only QS-10-MurNAc-L-Val-D-isoGln methyl ester, i.e., QS-10-MurNAc-L-Val-D-Glu(OCH3)NH2 (quinonyl-MDP-66), was shown to be an active adjuvant for the induction of allogeneic killer T cells in mice and the suppression of tumor growth in syngeneic mice when it was administered as a suspension in phosphate-buffered saline. The effectiveness of the chain length of the quinonyl moiety in quinonyl-MDP-66 and the replacement of the L-valine residue with L-serine or L-threonine were also examined in comparison with the adjuvant and tumor-suppressive activities of quinonyl-MDP-66.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1981

Viability of canine lung after temporary ischemia under cooling. An electron microscopy study.

To evaluate the viability of the lung for transplantation, we observed in dogs the ultrastructural alterations after temporary ischemia with cooling and after subsequent reestablishment of ventilation and pulmonary circulation. Initial alterations were vacuolization and condensation in the alveolar lining of the epithelial cells. At this stage, gross lung edema did not occur after the subsequent reestablishment of ventilation and pulmonary circulation. According to the prolongation of the ischemia, edematous changes extended over the alveolar structure. In cases of gross lung edema after the reestablishment of pulmonary circulation, alterations such as swollen endothelial cytoplasm and coarse interstitium appeared in the lung before recirculation, in addition to changes in the pneumocytes. Our observations clearly show the importance of changes in the endothelium as a cause of gross lung edema, hence such should be considered when evaluating the viability of a donor lung.

Animals↗