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Biomedical subjects

T Fukuda

Publications and source records attributed to T Fukuda.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Platelet catecholamine changes in patients with pheochromocytoma].

In patients with adrenal tumor, the importance of platelet catecholamine was examined. In patients with pheochromocytoma, not only preoperative catecholamine concentrations in blood and urine but also platelet catecholamine content were abnormally high as compared to patients with other adrenal tumors (pheochromocytoma for NE 3383 and E 311, no pheochromocytoma for NE 235 and E 24 pg.mg-1 protein). In the patient with pheochromocytoma, plasma catecholamine concentration showed its peak during the manipulation of the tumor during operation, and it decreased rapidly and returned to normal level the day after operation. On the other hand, platelet catecholamine content showed its peak after operation and returned to normal range on the 7th postoperative day. These results suggest that determination of platelet catecholamine content is useful for pre-operative diagnosis of pheochromocytoma, and that catecholamine in platelet modulates sudden fluctuation in plasma catecholamine concentration.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

[A case of spinal anesthesia in a 104-year-old woman].

We gave spinal anesthesia for a super-aged patient (104 year-old female) who underwent insertion of prosthesis for femoral neck fracture. One point eight ml of 0.3% dibucaine was used as local anesthetic, and the analgesic below Th10 level was obtained. To monitor the respiratory and circulatory functions during operation, pulse-oximeter and invasive arterial pressure were used. Dopamine and metaraminol were given to prevent hypotension and the operation was completed uneventfully. This anesthetic experience suggests that, for the anesthesia of a super-aged patient it is mandatory not only to clearly identify the complications and the physical features of the patient but also to explain to the patient the anesthetic as well as operative procedures. Besides, we have to manage elderly patients receiving spinal anesthesia carefully, considering intraoperative problems as well as the possibility of resorting to general anesthesia.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Gallbladder carcinoma producing human chorionic gonadotropin.

A primary carcinoma of the gallbladder producing human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was encountered in an 83-yr-old Japanese woman, with elevation of HCG/beta-HCG in urine and serum. Remarkable elevation of serum estradiol was an associated finding, with increased HCG. At autopsy, we found that the primary carcinoma of the gallbladder extensively involved the liver. Histologically, the tumor revealed adenosquamous cell carcinoma in the primary site, and moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma in metastatic foci. Immunohistochemical staining for beta-HCG showed a positive reaction in adenocarcinoma components. This is an extremely rare case of an HCG-producing gallbladder carcinoma, which leads us to speculate that HCG-positive tumor cells may occur due to dedifferentiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Antigen-induced biphasic eosinophil infiltration in the airways of actively sensitized guinea pigs and its inhibition by PAF antagonist and cyclosporin A].

Bronchial eosinophilia is a characteristic of asthma. To elucidate the mechanisms of eosinophil accumulation in the airways, the time course of eosinophil infiltration in the airway mucosa after antigen inhalation was examined in actively sensitized and passively sensitized guinea pig models of asthma. The lungs and tracheae were removed at intervals after antigen challenge, fixed and stained. The eosinophil infiltration was quantitated in the tracheal walls by counting the number of cells per square millimeter. Guinea pigs sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin (OA) responded to a single exposure to aerosolized OA with biphasic infiltration of eosinophils in the tracheal walls; a striking early-phase which peaked at 6 hr and a delayed-phase which peaked at 24 hr and persisted for as long as 5 days. These kinetics were different from those observed with passively sensitized animals which showed only early-phase infiltration. Administration of CV-6209, a specific PAF antagonist, before and 12 hrs after antigen challenge significantly (p less than 0.01) inhibited the early-phase but not the delayed-phase eosinophil infiltration in actively sensitized animals. In contrast, when guinea pigs were treated with Cyclosporin A, a T lymphocyte-selective immunosuppressive agent, throughout the immunization period, the delayed-phase but not the early-phase infiltration was significantly (p less than 0.01) inhibited. These results suggest that PAF may contribute to early-phase and T cell factor(s) may contribute to delayed-phase eosinophil infiltration of the airways.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The DNA ploidy patterns in early gastric cancers as a criterion for surgery].

A study of the ploidy patterns in gastric cancer has been conducted, focusing on 20 cases diagnosed prior to surgery as early stage gastric cancers. The gastric cancer in 10 cases was confined to the submucosa, where as in the other 10, the gastric cancer had invaded the muscle propria. The DNA ploidy patterns were classified as follows: Type D, Type A1 and Type A2. Even with gastric cancers of less than 2 cm, the likelihood that those with Type A1, and Type A2 patterns would spread into the lymph node was high (A1, 43% and A2, 67%), suggesting that careful consideration should be given to limiting the intended surgery. With gastric cancers of the Type D pattern, however, the incidence of a lymph node metastasis was low. These results are felt to be important factors when considering the extent of surgery.

DNA, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1990

[Effects of trospium chloride on the lower urinary tract function].

The effects of trospium chloride on the lower urinary tract function were studied by combined recording of cystometry and sphincter electromyogram in 13 decerebrated dogs. Micturition was induced by bladder filling before and after drug administration. A statistical analysis was carried out on the urodynamic parameters. Trospium chloride at the dose of 0.1 mg/kg showed a small but significant decrease in the threshold pressure during the collecting phase. In the urodynamic parameters of the emptying phase which is considered to be influenced by cholinergic activity, there was a significant decrease in maximum bladder pressure at 0.03, 0.1, and 0.3 mg/kg and a significant increase in residual urine at 0.3 mg/kg. Trospium chloride is probably acting as a antimuscarinic agent in this study. Trospium chloride appears to be useful for the relief of symptoms associated with hyperactive bladder contraction.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[A case of colony stimulating factor (CSF) producing gastric carcinoma].

A gastric carcinoma associated with marked leukocytosis is reported. The case involved a 70-year-old male who was admitted to Akita Kumiai General Hospital because of general fatigue and vertigo in October, 1989. A palpable, hard, uneven mass was found in the epigastrium. Further, an upper gastrointestinal series revealed a large filling defect in the gastric body. Also, an endoscopic examination disclosed an uneven mass, and specimens that were biopsied showed an adenocarcinoma. The white blood cell (WBC) count was 45,800/microliter and had a 96% presence of neutrophils, and an examination of the bone marrow showed excessive myeloid hyperplasia. The WBC gradually increased, reaching up to 67,800/microliter. Finally, an EIA assay of the serum colony stimulating factor (CSF) disclosed a marked increase. After a gastrectomy, the WBC promptly decreased to the normal range and the CSF activity in a supernatant of a tumor-cell-conditioned medium showed a higher value. Thus, this tumor was diagnosed as being a CSF-producing gastric carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Anesthetic considerations for hepatic resection using veno-venous bypass].

Anesthetic experience of 4 cases of hepatic resection using veno-venous bypass was reported. Non-forced bypass (passive shunt) was used in case 1. Hepatic resection was performed while supporting hemodynamic stability during the subsequent anhepatic phase using pump-driven veno-venous bypass (active shunt) in case 2-4. Various problems arose in each case. In the non-forced bypass case, hypotension during the bypass created a problem; whereas, hypothermia was pronounced during bypass in the pump-driven bypass cases. Massive transfusion due to bleeding, hypocalcemia, and unintentional hypothermia after veno-venous bypass precipitated heart failure. Attention should therefore be directed toward, (1) preparation for massive transfusion, (2) measurement and correction of the plasma calcium ion concentration, (3) maintenance of body temperature, and (4) hemodynamic control with a Swan-Ganz catheter and an inferior vena cava catheter. Extracorporeal bypass using a pump-driven veno-venous bypass (Bio-pump) and splanchnic decompression system via the portal system appear to be advantageous.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[The role of eosinophils, neutrophils and lymphocytes for the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness in a guinea pig model of asthma].

To elucidate the role of eosinophils, neutrophils and lymphocytes for the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) following antigen exposure, we have developed a guinea pig model of BHR. Guinea pigs immunized by repeated exposure to aerosolized ovalbumin (OA) were intravenously given metopirone, a cortisol synthesis inhibitor, 24 hrs before and 30 min before antigen challenge, and to prevent death from immediate severe bronchoconstriction, chlorpheniramine maleate was also injected. After antigen challenge with high dose of OA, LAR occurred in twelve of fifteen animals (80%) and the bronchial responsiveness to acetylcholine (Ach) was significantly increased. Histologic examination at 72 h showed a significant increase in the number of eosinophils but not neutrophils within the tracheal walls. However, there was no significant correlation between the change in bronchial responsiveness to Ach at 24 h and the number of eosinophil in the tracheal wall at 72 h. When guinea pigs were treated with Cyclosporin A or FK506, T-lymphocyte selective immunosuppressive agents, from the beginning of immunization period, both eosinophil infiltration and an increase in bronchial responsiveness were inhibited. These results suggest that eosinophils and T-lymphocytes may play an important role in the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1990

[Relationship between bronchial reactivity to inhaled acetylcholine, eosinophil infiltration and a widening of the intercellular space in patients with asthma].

The hypothesis that epithelial damage is related to the development of bronchial hyperreactivity has been supported by many studies. Therefore, we further examined whether or not subjects with bronchial epithelium damage showed increased bronchial responsiveness. We took biopsy specimens of the airway mucosa from 20 asthmatic patients with various degrees of disease severity and bronchial hyperreactivity by using a bronchofiber scope. The morphology of the biopsy specimens was studied by electron microscopy. Bronchoscopy was carried out after local anesthesia. Specimens of bronchial mucosa were obtained from 20 asthmatic patients (14 males, 6 females) in remission. The electronmicroscopic studies showed widening of the intercellular space between the epithelial cells and openings of the tight junctions, as well as infiltrations of eosinophils and their granules beneath and between epithelial cells. The tight junction refers to the space between epithelial cells exposed to the airway surface, leading down to the intercellular space. The intercellular space refers to the space between epithelial cells, below the tight junction. Interestingly, eosinophils and their granules were found mainly in the widened intercellular space. The incidence of a widening of the intercellular space was higher in specimens showing eosinophil infiltration than in those not showing eosinophil infiltration. A significant correlation was found between the respiratory threshold to acetylcholine and the percentage of opened tight junctions (r = -0.47, p less than 0.05) and/or the widening of the space between epithelial cells (r = -0.65, p less than 0.01). These results suggest that widening of the intercellular space may be caused by infiltrations of eosinophils and that this widening increases bronchial reactivity.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1990

Induction and immunohistochemical localization of cytochrome P-450 PCN by non-steroidal compound, in rat liver microsomes.

Induction of cytochrome P-450 PCN (P-450 PCN) by non-steroidal compound, M79193 (cyclohexane spiro-2,6-chloro-1'-(3-dimethyl-aminopropyl) spiro(chroman-4,4'-imidazolidine)-2',5'-dione], was investigated in both sexes of rats. The immunohistochemical localization of P-450 PCN was also studied in liver lobules of untreated and M79193-treated male rats. Immunoblot analysis of rat liver microsomes with anti-P-450 PCN indicated that the amount of P-450 PCN increased 5- to 7-fold by the treatment with M79193, but no increase was observed in P-450 PB-1 (P450IIB1) or P-450 MC-1 (P-450IA1). P-450 PCN was uniformly distributed in liver lobule of untreated rats, and was significantly increased by the treatment with M79193 in both the periportal and pericentral regions of the lobules.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Effectiveness of fibrinogen to avoid serous fluid leakage through polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tubular graft].

Serous fluid leakage is not infrequently an annoying complication of systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt constructed with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tubular graft. Various causative factors have been postulated by many clinical and investigative studies, but still remain to be controversial. During the period from 1981 to 1989, 26 patients underwent PTFE shunt operations (16 modified Blalock-Taussig shunts and 10 central aortopulmonary shunts), among whom serous fluid leakage occurred in 10, an incidence of 38.5%. Possible roles of the operative methods, length and diameter of the graft, bodyweight, age and sex of the patients were examined but none of these demonstrated consistent correlation with this complication. The first 3 of the 10 patients in the series required prolonged period of drainage of the fluid. Meanwhile, unequivocally low serum values of fibrinogen in these patients presented a clue for the new therapeutic method. Intravenous administration of fibrinogen to the fourth patient results an almost instantaneous cessation of leakage and was applied to the subsequent 6 patients with excellent results. The duration of leakage was 2.7 +/- 2.6 days in the patients with fibrinogen treatment in contrast with 19.7 +/- 2.3 days in those without. In succeeding 4 patients, fibrinogen was used for the purpose of prevention instead of treatment, and the luminal surface of PTEF graft was coated with fibrinogen prior to the usage. Pretreatment of the graft was absolutely effective and did not allow leakage in any of the 4 patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗
PubMed1990

[Relationship between presence of Creola bodies and airway hyperresponsiveness in patients with bronchial asthma].

It has recently been suggested that epithelial damage participates in the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness. In this study we investigated the relationship between the presence of clusters of desquamated respiratory epithelial cells (Creola body. CrB) in sputum and airway responsiveness. Sputa were collected from asthmatic patients and acetylcholine inhalation tests were performed to assess airway responsiveness. Smears of 100 microliters of sputum were spread in pairs of two glass slides. One slide was stained with Papanicolaou's stain, the other with Giemsa stain. CrBs were detected on the whole glass slide stained with Papanicolaou's stain and the CrB score was determined by summing up the points given to each CrB on a glass slide according to the number of epithelial cells composing one CrB. The CrB score was significantly higher in patients with CrBs than in patients without CrBs. The patients with higher CrB score (CrB score greater than or equal to 6) had significantly greater number of eosinophils in sputa than the patients without CrBs. These results suggest the participation of damage to the respiratory epithelium in the development of airway hyperresponsiveness in bronchial asthma. The detection of CrBs is easy and we consider it clinically useful in the estimation of airway hyperresponsiveness.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1990

[Alcohol drinking patterns of college students].

Drinking patterns of 245 college students (88 boys and 157 girls) were surveyed by using modified questionnaire of Hirayama's 18 years ago survey and the principal results were as follows. 1. The increased tendencies of the drinking of the girl students were found here and there. 2. The principal favorite drinking places of the college students were the popular taverns (YAKITORI-YA, ODEN-YA etc.).3. The doubts or tendencies of alcohol dependence of the college students were small as the results of Hirayama's 18 years ago survey. 4. The first age of drinking tends to lower. The principal purpose of drinking of the college students was social intercourse and the motive of the drinking was principally solicitation by others and the sincere lovers of drinking were unexpectedly a few similar to Hirayama's survey. So, the counterplans to drinking habits and the alcoholism among college students should be considered from the social point of view as before.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Inhibition of antigen-induced late asthmatic response and bronchial hyperresponsiveness by cyclosporin A].

We have previously demonstrated that Cyclosporin A (CyA), a T lymphocyte-selective immunosuppressive agent, reduced the delayed-phase bronchial eosinophil infiltration after antigen challenge in a guinea pig model of asthma. In the present study, we studied the effects of CyA on antigen-induced late asthmatic response (LAR) and bronchial hyperresponsiveness following LAR. Guinea pigs immunized by repeated exposure to aerosolized ovalbumin (OA) were intravenously given metopirone, a cortisol synthesis inhibitor, 24 hours before and 30 minutes before antigen challenge, and to prevent death from immediate severe bronchoconstriction, chlorpheniramine maleate was also injected. After antigen challenge with high dose of OA, LAR occurred in twelve of fifteen animals (80%) and the bronchial responsiveness to acetylcholine was significantly increased. However, when guinea pigs were treated with CyA from the beginning of immunization period, the development of LAR was completely inhibited, although similar magnitude of immediate bronchoconstriction was observed, and a subsequent increase in bronchial responsiveness was partially but significantly blocked. Since CyA has been shown to suppress activation of guinea pig T lymphocytes and their production of lymphokines, these results suggest that T cell factor(s) may be important for the elicitation of LAR and the antigen-induced bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Radiologic diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma].

Five cases of pleural mesothelioma (3 benign and 2 malignant) were evaluated with chest radiograph and CT. A case of benign localized mesothelioma growing within the major fissure, and a case of diffuse malignant mesothelioma encircling the descending thoracic aorta are included among the five cases. Pleural mesotheliomas present a variety of roentgenographic manifestations depending upon the histologic type, the site of origin, and the direction of the extension, and can easily be misdiagnosed as lung tumor, aortic aneurysm, or mediastinal tumor. It is emphasized that pleural mesothelioma should be considered as a differential diagnosis when a mass lesion is found in the mediastinum, hilar region, interlobar fissure, or near the chest wall.

Adult↗