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Biomedical subjects

T Fujioka

Publications and source records attributed to T Fujioka.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[A case of myasthenia gravis associated with multiple sclerosis and positive anticardiolipin antibodies].

A 42-year-old housewife with myasthenia gravis (MG) for 22 years, who was initially treated by radiation to the hyperplastic thymus and anti-cholinesterase therapy, developed bilateral ptosis, paresthesia of her right face and decreased taste sensation after house work at the age of 42 years. Neurological examinations revealed lateral and vertical gaze palsy, upward nystagmus, decreased taste sensation, peripheral facial palsy on the left side. She also had hypalgesia on the right face, arm and chest up to Th7 level, and urinary retention. She had hyperreflexia on the right side but no extensor toe signs. CSF study revealed 5 cells/microliters and protein of 23 mg/dl. Serum IgG anticardiolipin antibody was positive. Magnetic resonance imaging studies revealed high intensity areas in the brainstem tegmentum and periventricular white matter. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) was made. This is the first case in which MG, MS and serum anticardiolipin antibody were present simultaneously, which may be all due to some immunological abnormality. Steroid therapy made anti-cardiolipin antibody negative, but new MS plaque developed in 7 months, which favors diagnosis of MS rather than infarction, since the activities of ACLA were not correlating to clinical symptoms. MRI was helpful in detecting MS plaques in MG patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A case of adrenal myelolipoma incidentally discovered on abdominal ultrasonography].

We report a case of adrenal myelolipoma occurring in a 58-year-old-woman. A tumor was incidentally detected in the right adrenal region by ultrasonography during admission to our hospital due to gastric ulcer. Ultrasonography revealed punctate calcification within the tumor. No endocrinologic abnormalities were demonstrated. CT revealed a nonhomogenous mass 5 cm in diameter that consisted of tissue with a fatty density and areas of calcifications. Retrograde femoral angiography demonstrated that the tumor was relatively hypervascular. Large blood vessels resembled sinusoids that were demonstrated by pooling of the contrast medium. Right adrenalectomy was performed. The histological diagnosis was adrenal myelolipoma.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1992

Novel positive inotropic agents: synthesis and biological activities of 6-(3-amino-2-hydroxypropoxy)-2(1H)-quinolinone derivatives.

A series of 6-(3-amino-2-hydroxypropoxy)-2(1H)-quinolinones has been synthesized and evaluated for positive inotropic activity on the canine heart. Some of these derivatives have a potent activity with none or negative chronotropic effect in isolated, blood-perfused dog heart preparations. They also display a high selectivity for positive inotropic effect over chronotropic and vasodilatory effects in anesthetized dogs. (+/-)-6-[2-Hydroxy-3-[(3-methoxybenzyl)amino]propoxy]-2(1H)-quinolinone (39) and (+/-)-6-[3-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)amino]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-2 (1H)-quinolinone (40) were further investigated in conscious dogs. After iv administration, they did not affect heart rate or mean blood pressure at the dose producing a 50% increase in the peak of the first derivative of the left ventricular pressure. The compounds (39, OPC-18750, and 40, OPC-18790) are the most promising agents with desirable biological activities, and now are currently undergoing clinical evaluation.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Purification and reconstitution of mu-opioid receptors in liposome.

Opioid receptors solubilized from rat brain membranes with digitonin were partially purified with a newly prepared affinity resin, AF-Amino Toyopearl, coupled with a mu-antagonist Tyr-Pro-Tyr-Tyr at the C-terminus of the peptide. The purified materials were reconstituted with an inhibitory GTP-binding protein (Gi) in liposome. From displacement analyses, two binding states, with a high and a low affinities for the mu-agonist [D-Ala2,Me-Phe4,Gly-ol5]enkephalin, were observed in the reconstituted system with Gi, only a low-affinity state was observed in the reconstituted system without Gi. The results suggested that the purified materials contained the mu-opioid receptors and could functionally couple with Gi as observed in the cell membranes.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Anti-AIDS agents, 4. Tripterifordin, a novel anti-HIV principle from Tripterygium wilfordii: isolation and structural elucidation.

A new kaurane-type diterpene lactone, tripterifordin [1], has been isolated from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii. The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including the concerted application of a number of 2D nmr techniques that involved the 1H-1H COSY, heteronucleus-detected variants of the heteronuclear chemical shift correlation (HETCOR), phase-sensitive NOESY, and long-range HETCOR. Compound 1 shows anti-HIV replication activity in H9 lymphocyte cells with an EC50 of 1 microgram/ml.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1992

Antitumor agents, 135. Structure and stereochemistry of polacandrin, a new cytotoxic triterpene from Polanisia dodecandra.

A new dammarane triterpene, polacandrin [1], has been isolated from Polanisia dodecandra. The structure of 1 was established as 1 beta, 3 alpha, 12 beta, 25-tetrahydroxy-20(S),24(S)-epoxydammarane by chemical and spectroscopic methods, which included the concerted application of a number of 2D nmr techniques that involved 1H-1H COSY, HETCOR, NOESY, and long-range HETCOR. Single-crystal X-ray analysis of polacandrin pentahydrate verified the complete structure and stereochemistry. Polacandrin showed potent cytotoxicities against KB (ED50 = 0.60 microgram/ml), P-388 (ED50 = 0.90 microgram/ml), and RPMI-7951 (ED50 = 0.62 microgram/ml) tumor cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Infrequent mutation of p53 gene in human renal cell carcinoma detected by polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis.

Mutation of the p53 gene, which plays an important role in the genesis of diverse human cancers, was investigated in 23 surgical specimens of human renal cell carcinoma using the polymerase chain reaction single-strand conformation polymorphism method of analysis. Only one of the 23 tumors (4.3%) carried a mutated p53 gene, which was present in exons 7-8. Direct DNA sequencing confirmed a point mutation at codon 276 (GCC to CCC) resulting in a substitution of alanine for proline. No specific clinicopathological characteristics were observed in the case with the p53 gene mutation in human renal cell carcinoma. These observations suggest that mutation of the p53 gene is rare and thus does not contribute significantly to the genesis of this tumor.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Syntheses and anti-inflammatory activity of novel oximes and O-acyloximes.

Novel oximes were prepared from the corresponding aldehyde or ketone in the usual way, and a number of oxime esters, O-lauroyl, O-2-pyridinecarbonyl, O-nicotinoyl, and O-isonicotinoyl oximes were synthesized by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide (EDCI)-4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) method or a mixed anhydride method, in our search for potent anti-inflammatory compounds. The anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds was assessed by the carrageenan-induced paw edema assay in rats. The oximes (4, 5, and 13), O-lauroyloxime 1L, O-nicotinoyloximes (1N, 2N, 3N, and 4N), O-isonicotinoyloxime 1I, and O-2-pyridinecarbonyloxime 7P showed higher anti-inflammatory potency than aspirin, a prostaglandin cyclooxygenase inhibitor.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Lipoprotein(a) levels in the nephrotic syndrome.

We investigated serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels in 20 patients with the nephrotic syndrome. Lp(a) levels in the nephrotic syndrome patients were significantly higher than those in a control group (30.4 +/- 22.5 vs 10.4 +/- 17.7 mg/dl). Overall, the serum Lp(a) and lipid levels showed no relationship, but on an individual basis the serum Lp(a) level varied with the serum levels of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in the nephrotic syndrome patients. Our findings suggest that a decrease in serum albumin led to increased hepatic Lp(a) synthesis. It is well known that thrombotic disease supervenes on hypercoagulability in the nephrotic syndrome, so the determination of Lp(a) levels in these patients may provide information which is useful for preventing thrombotic complications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[A case of scrotal bladder hernia containing bladder cancer].

A 70-year-old man had a history of total laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer and bilateral inguinal hernia repair 5 years previously. The patient had suffered from difficulty with urination since then and had been treated for prostatic hypertrophy at our department. He developed microscopic hematuria from June 1991, and was admitted because a bladder tumor was detected by cystoscopy. Cystography showed a scrotal bladder hernia with filling defects in the bladder per se and the bladder hernia as well. Cystoscopy revealed tumors in the hernia and in the vicinity of the ureteral orifice. Biopsy indicated transitional cell carcinoma. Voiding cystourethrography showed normal urination and no residual urine. Excision of the tumor-containing hernia, partial cystectomy with right ureteral orifice, and reconstruction of the right inguinal canal were performed on October 25, 1991. The postoperative course was favorable and he was discharged on the 40th postoperative day. The tumors were respectively stage as TCC, G1, and pT1a, and TCC, G1 greater than G2, and pT1b. Thirty five cases of bladder hernia that have been reported in Japan. Eight cases of accompanied by cancer have been reported in Japanese (3 cases) and foreign (5 cases) literatures. These are reviewed and discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Divergence paralysis due to a lesion of the lateral tegmentum of the midbrain caused by thalamic hemorrhage].

A 66-year-old diabetic and hypertensive man suddenly developed right hemiplegia. Examination revealed right hemiplegia including his face, vertical gaze palsy, and divergence paralysis. The cranial CT scan disclosed a left thalamic hemorrhage as large as 40 mm in diameter, which extended to the midbrain. He was treated medically and his divergence paralysis improved. But all other symptoms remained for the next 11 months and he eventually died of acute retroperitoneal hemorrhage. The autopsy revealed spongy state and gliosis extending from the left thalamic nuclei to the left midbrain. In the tegmentum, dorsolateral part around the left oculomotor nucleus was involved. The precise location of the human divergence center of the eyes is still unknown. According to previous reports, the divergence center may locate in the tegmentum of the midbrain or pons. Recently, animal experiments detected the neurons which fire for divergent in the mesencephalic reticular formation just dorsal and lateral to the oculomotor nuclei. Our case had a lesion of gliosis and spongy state, namely the old hematoma, in the same portion. Therefore, we considered that the human divergence center of the eyes might exist in the lateral tegmentum of the midbrain, just lateral and dorsal to the oculomotor nucleus.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[A case of carcinomatous autonomic and sensory neuropathy].

A 61-year-old male with carcinomatous autonomic and sensory neuropathy was presented. The disease started with numbness in his lower extremities and loss of sensation gradually developed over the upper extremities within two months. Finally he became unable to walk because of orthostatic hypotension and dystaxia due to loss of deep sensation. Physical examination on admission revealed mydriasis with negative light reflex, orthostatic hypotension, sensory loss of below C-4, areflexia, positive Babinski's sign and sexual impotence. Laboratory examinations revealed serum antineural antibody, elevation of protein and oligoclonal IgG band in the CSF. Sural nerve biopsy specimen showed severe loss of myelinated fibers, especially in the large-sized fibers. The pharmacological functional tests of the autonomic nerves disclosed disturbance of parasympathetic nervous system as well as the postsynaptic fibers of the sympathetic nerves. An instillation test of 2.5% mecholyl solution demonstrated contraction of both pupils. Chest X-ray showed abnormal shadow at the right hilus and transbronchial biopsy revealed small cell carcinoma (oat cell type). Plasma exchange improved orthostatic hypotension and decreased the titer of the antineural antibody. In this case, the autonomic ganglion including the ciliary ganglia and the dorsal root ganglia cells were predominantly involved and such cases have been described as a variant of paraneoplastic syndrome in the literature.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1992

[Isolated abducens nerve palsy caused by pontine infarction].

An 82-year-old hypertensive man suddenly developed diplopia during right lateral gaze. Neurological examination revealed right isolated abducens nerve palsy without any other findings. By cranial CT scan, a low density area over the posterior limb of right internal capsule and tortuosity of basilar artery were noted. 3 months later, his symptom disappeared and then he was well in next 2 years til he felt diplopia during left lateral gaze. On this time he showed left isolated abducens nerve palsy. Though cranial CT scan failed to find out new abnormality, T2-weighted cranial MRI disclosed high intensity spot over left pontine base located between medial lemniscus and pyramidal tract, which was supposed to coincide to fascicle of left abducens nerve Three months later, he recovered in the same manner as 2 years before. Hemilateral isolated abducens nerve palsy may be caused by many origins, but pontine infarct was not detected so much in pre-MRI era. Being the long-term prognosis of the lacunar infarction not satisfactory, it is important for the cases of isolated abducens palsy to ascertain whether there is pontine small infarction or not. So in these cases, precise examination including MRI should be needed.

Abducens Nerve↗
PubMed1992

[Intra-lymph nodal injection of OK-432 for treatment of lymph node metastasis].

MH134 (5 x 10(5) in 0.1 ml of normal saline) was inoculated subcutaneously into the hind foot pad of C3H/He mice. The mice were divided into three groups on day 11 after inoculation. Each mouse in the first group (n = 12) received an intra-lymph nodal injection of 5KE of OK-432 in 0.1 ml of normal saline (OK-432 ILN group). The second group (n = 12) underwent subcutaneous injection of OK-432 (of the same dose) into the back (OK-432 SC group). The last group received no OK-432 (untreated group). Three hours after treatment the left popliteal lymph node was excised and the left hind foot at the knee joint was removed in each mouse. The mice were then observed for 90 days after treatment. Mice that died underwent autopsy and the left popliteal, inguinal, lumbar and suprarenal lymph nodes were excised for weighing. The survival rates were 10/12 for the OK-432 ILN group, 2/12 for the OK-432 SC group and 2/12 for the untreated group. The differences between the survival rate of the OK-432 ILN group and those of the other two groups were statistically significant (p less than 0.001). The lymph nodes were heavier in the OK-432 SC group and the untreated group than in the OK-432 ILN group. We concluded that intra-lymph nodal injection of OK-432 is very effective for treating lymph node metastasis.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Complement receptors in atherosclerotic lesions.

Accumulation of cholesterol in the tunica intima of arteries is a feature of atherosclerotic development. Recently, the demonstration of oxidized LDL in atherosclerotic lesions considerably strengthened the possibility of its role in the atherogenesis in vivo. However, the mechanism of lipid accumulation in monocyte-derived macrophages has not yet been clarified. It has been reported that the complement system may be related to atherosclerosis. In this report, complement receptors in the atherosclerotic lesions obtained from autopsy sample were investigated. Initially C3b receptors were detected using sheep erythrocytes bearing human C3b (EAC1423b cells). EAC1423b cells adherent to only aortic sections showing intimal thickening, but not to intact artery. Second, immunostaining of consecutive aortic sections was performed. Apo B and C5b-9 complex were stained using the indirect immunoperoxidase method, and macrophage, C3b receptor (CR1) and C3bi receptor (CR3) were stained using monoclonal antibody in the alkaliphosphatase anti-alkaliphosphatase method. In the intact artery of 3 month old patient, antigen- specific staining were not observed. In intimal thickening and atheroma of older patients, consecutive sections suggested that complement receptor-expressing cells were macrophages. Staining for apo B antigen existed at extracellular site in the intima, and C5b-9 complex was observed in intima and partially in the media. The above data showed that macrophage complement receptors were expressed in the atherosclerotic lesions when the complement system was activated. We conclude that these data suggest that the complement system and complement receptors may be related to the uptake of LDL by macrophages.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Clinical experience of autologous blood transfusion in patients undergoing nephrectomy with renal cell carcinoma].

We studied the possibility of performing radical nephrectomy with only predeposit autologous blood transfusion in the treatment of patients with renal cell carcinoma. A total of 15 patients who ranged in age from 32 to 69 years and had a hemoglobin concentration of over 12 g/dl on admission underwent radical nephrectomy with preoperative autologous blood donation. Five patients did not need transfusions. Seven patients were transfused only autologous blood. The other 3 required some homologous blood in addition to their own banked blood. In our series, patients were able to donate 600 ml of blood during the last week before surgery and their hemoglobin concentration did not decrease by over 2 g/dl except in the case of two patients with advanced disease. Therefore, it was concluded that an adequate autologous blood volume for nephrectomy was 600 ml and that 80% of renal cell carcinoma surgery could be performed without homologous blood transfusion. For patients requiring resection of renal cell carcinoma, autologous transfusion is recommended as safe and convenient.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma: 3 case reports].

We report 3 cases of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma, which is an uncommon neoplasm consisting of a typical renal cell carcinoma associated intimately with a sarcomatoid component. All patients were symptomatic at hospitalization and underwent nephrectomy. Two patients died of metastatic renal cancer within a year, and another is alive without evidence of metastasis for 12 months after the surgery. Because sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma has a highly malignant behavior and poor prognosis, an adjuvant treatment effective in controlling the disease is awaited.

Adult↗