The influence of docosahexaenoic acid loading on stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
T Fujioka
Publications and source records attributed to T Fujioka.
Hemangioma of the upper arm associated with massive hemorrhage in a neonate.
A rare case of an ulcerated hemangioma of the upper arm in a neonate is described herein. Resection of the huge hemangioma, which occupied the axilla and extended down the entire length of the upper arm, was necessary due to massive hemorrhage from the ulcer and progressive heart failure caused by the arteriovenous fistula in the hemangioma. After complete resection of the hemangioma, extensive defects of the skin and subcutaneous tissue were replaced by a skin flap closure technique which involved considerable difficulty. However, the arm gradually recovered its size and function with good wound healing. The present case illustrates that rapid surgical intervention may be required to prevent clinical deterioration in such cases.
Arm↗
An infant with bilateral adrenal neuroblastoma found by mass-screening: report of a case.
A male infant with bilateral adrenal neuroblastoma found by mass-screening is herein reported. The patient presented with almost equal-sized tumors, each remaining confined to the respective adrenal gland without crossing the midline. No other tumorous lesion was evident. The two adrenal tumors had similar histologic features and appeared to have grown concurrently. Such simultaneous occurrence of primary adrenal neuroblastoma is unusual, and appears to reflect the multicentric origin of this tumor.
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
Glycoconjugate histochemistry of the subcommissural organ in the domestic chicken: lectin histochemistry using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) method.
The properties and distribution of the secretory substance in the ependymal cells of the subcommissural organ in the domestic chicken were examined with seven different lectins, using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex method. On the ventricular surface of this organ, LFA, PNA, RCA-I and WGA reacted positively. In the apical cytoplasm, Con A, LFA, RCA-I and WGA gave positive reactions. On the other hand, only Con A and WGA gave positive reactions in the basal cytoplasm. In the hypendymal vascular wall, LFA, RCA-I and WGA reacted positively. Neuraminidase digestion completely inhibited reactions with LFA and reduced the WGA reaction within the apical cytoplasm. At the same time, this digestion disclosed a moderately positive reaction with PNA in the apical cytoplasm. The significant findings of this study may be summarized as follows: 1) the ependymal cells of the subcommissural organ in the domestic chicken synthesize a complex oligosaccharide for a secretory product which is discharged into the ventricular cavity; 2) in the basal cytoplasm and basal processes, only oligosaccharides containing large amount of mannose are present.
Animals↗
Experimental gastritis induced by Helicobacter pylori in Japanese monkeys.
We used Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) to establish an experimental model in order to clarify the pathogenicity of Helicobacter pylori in gastric and duodenal disorders. A suspension (5 ml; 10(9) CFU/ml) of H. pylori cells isolated from humans was sprayed around the antrum of the stomach of each of 12 of 17 animals with an endoscope. The remaining five animals were not inoculated; they served as a control group. On days 7, 14, and 28 after inoculation, the gastric mucosa samples were examined grossly and were biopsied for microscopic examination with an endoscope. H. pylori was recovered from 7 of the 12 inoculated animals (58%), and infiltration by neutrophils and monocytes was observed histologically. Macroscopic gastritis with erythema and erosions were noted for five of these animals. On day 28 after inoculation, five animals in the infected group were treated with ampicillin. In two infected but untreated animals, the bacteria persisted for more than 6 months. The result of the gastritis scoring of the antral mucosa and the ammonia concentration in the gastric secretion were significantly higher (P < 0.01 to 0.001) for the infected group than for the control group; however, these values decreased to levels comparable to those for the control group after treatment with ampicillin. Urease activity was positive in gastric biopsy specimens from five of the seven animals in the infected group after 7 days and from four of these animals after 14 days but was negative in all specimens from animals in the control group. The level of antibody (immunoglobulin G) in serum for the infected group was elevated but changed very little for the control group. These results suggest that this M. fuscata model can be used to study H. pylori infection and that H. pylori can induce gastritis.
Animals↗
Correlation of serum antibody titers against hepatitis C virus core protein with clinical features by western blot (immunoblot) analysis using a recombinant vaccinia virus expression system.
In order to study the relationships among the clinical features of hepatitis C patients, the presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in their blood, and their serum antibody titers against the core protein of virus and to study the antibody levels in asymptomatic HCV carriers, a recombinant vaccinia virus containing a core protein gene was constructed. The recombinant virus expressed a protein with a molecular mass of 22 kDa in RK-13 cells as determined by Western blot (immunoblot) analysis. By using the cell lysate of virus-infected cells and serially diluted serum samples, core antibody titers in the groups of patients in the chronic hepatitis phase and in the convalescent phase as well as in asymptomatic carriers were determined by enhanced chemiluminescence Western blot analysis. Almost all patients in the chronic phase were shown to have high antibody titers of more than 1:500,000 and with no exception had of HCV RNA in their sera. On the other hand, patients who had recovered naturally and were in the convalescent phase were shown to have significantly lower antibody titers, and the antibody was not detected in the lowest serum dilution of 1:500 in 43% of these patients (three of seven total patients). Antibody levels of patients who showed a good response to interferon treatment decreased to intermediate levels between those of patients in the chronic phase and those of patients in convalescent phase. The antibody titers in asymptomatic carriers varied considerably from 1:500,000 to 1:500, and 41% (11 of 27 total individuals) of these carriers showed a high titer equivalent to that of those in the chronic phase. Core antibody was detected consistently in the individuals in whom HCV RNA was detected. This system for core antibody might be useful for identifying the stage of an apparent HCV infection.
Base Sequence↗
Myasthenia gravis and invasive thymoma. A 20-year experience.
Over the last 20 years, 15 patients with myasthenia gravis and invasive thymoma have been treated in our department. Eight of these patients underwent either nontotal excision or were not operated on due to massive invasion, while 7 underwent total excision. These 15 cases represent 6.2% of the 242 myasthenic patients treated during this period. Six of the 8 nontotal excision cases died, and 2 of the 7 total excision cases succumbed. The prognosis of total excision cases was better than that of nontotal excision cases. The overall 5-year survival rate was 73%, and the 10-year survival rate 20%. Total excision of the thymoma, if possible, and high doses of corticosteroids and combination chemotherapy for the remaining tumor seem to be the treatments of choice.
Adult↗
[Renal metastasis from osteogenic sarcoma: report of a case].
Renal metastases of osteogenic sarcoma are unusual clinical occurrence and cases of osteogenic sarcoma treated by nephrectomy for renal metastases have been rarely reported. We report a 19-year-old male who was successfully treated by left nephrectomy for a metastatic tumor of osteogenic sarcoma from the right femur. In 1989 above-knee amputation was performed and the initial relapse with right pulmonary metastasis was treated by right upper lobectomy in 1991. In February 1992 he developed left renal and left pulmonary metastasis, hence left nephrectomy and left upper lobectomy were performed. Metastases of osteogenic sarcoma to the organs other than the lung and bone will increase because of the improvement of diagnostic modalities. Our study suggests that a bone scan is useful for routine follow-up of patients with osteogenic sarcoma and that resection of the metastatic lesion can improve these patients' quality of life.
Adult↗
[Study of adoptive immunotherapy with lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and interleukin-2 for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. I. Generation of LAK cells by incubation in serum-free medium].
Investigation into the clinical application of LAK cells for treating renal cell carcinoma was carried out. LAK cells were induced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy adults or renal cell carcinoma patients by incubation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells in complete medium (RMPI1640 containing 10% heat-inactivated human AB serum) or serum-free medium (AIM-V) supplemented with IL-2. Then the characteristics of the LAK cells thus produced were studied. When cultured in complete medium, peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from healthy adults, recovered to 60% of the initial level on day 4 of incubation. Both NK and LAK activity were markedly enhanced before day 4. On day 4, a similar number of peripheral blood mononuclear blood cells and a similar cytotoxicity were observed in serum-free culture. The cells with a high growth rate during the 4 days of incubation were CD25, HLA-DR, CD3, CD16 cells in both cultures. The supernatant of LAK generation cultures had detectable levels of interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha on day 4. IFN-gamma and IL-1 beta both showed significant concentrations in the LAK culture supernatant, which increased progressively with further culture. TNF-alpha was not produced by LAK cells alone. IFN-gamma and IL-beta production by the LAK cells was enhanced by stimulation with the Caki-1, ACHN and K-562 tumor cell lines, while TNF-alpha production was stimulated by Caki-1 and K-562 cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Aged↗
[Study of adoptive immunotherapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma with lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells and interleukin-2. II. Clinical evaluation].
We evaluated adoptive immunotherapy using LAK cells combined with systemic administration of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in 11 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The LAK cells were generated by incubation in serum-free medium (AIM-V) supplemented with IL-2 (1,000 U/ml) for 4 days and were generally administered twice weekly (4 times/cycle). Daily administration of IL-2 (50 x 10(5) U) was started 3 days prior to the first LAK infusion and continued throughout the cycle. Each course of therapy comprised 1-6 cycles, with the total dose of LAK cells and IL-2 varying from 3.3-52.6 x 10(9) cells and 140-900 x 10(5) U, respectively. Clinical response was evaluated in terms of metastasis to specific organs (lung only: eight cases, lung and brain: one, lung and lymph nodes: one, lung and bone and pleuropericardium: one). The outcome was complete response in one patient, partial response in one, no change in six and disease progression in three. The response rate was 18.8%. This therapy was most effective against pulmonary metastases. Adverse reactions to LAK cell infusion included fever, headache, and chills. Eosinophilia and weight gain due to IL-2 administration were also observed. However, all of these symptoms were transient and no serious side effects occurred. In these patients, the proportion of natural killer (NK) cells (CD16) and cells with IL-2 receptor (CD25) among PBL was increased markedly in the early phase of therapy, and activated T cell (CD3+DR+) and suppressor T cells (CD8+11+) increased significantly at a later phase. It was suggested that the clinical response would be expected in case of increasing of CD16 cells or CD25 cells and augmentation of NK or LAK activity. Our results indicate that this regimen of adoptive immunotherapy shows some promise for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma.
Adult↗
[A case of IgM paraproteinemic polyneuropathy complicated with serum anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein and anti-GM1 antibodies].
A 57-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of slowly progressive numbness over the hands and legs. Neurological examinations revealed marked loss of superficial sensation of glove-stocking type, mild distal weakness over the extremities and diffuse hyporeflexia. Laboratory examinations disclosed marked increase of serum IgM level and significantly increased kappa-light chain of IgM immunoelectrophoresis. Bone marrow aspiration showed no evidence of malignancy. Motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities were decreased. Sural nerve biopsy was characterized by marked loss of large myelinated fibers, onion bulb formation and widely spaced major dense lines of myelin. The immunological examinations revealed two different antibody activities of IgM against myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and GM1 in serum. Treatment with prednisolone (PSL) 60 mg daily did not improve his neurologic signs and symptoms. Then double-filtration plasmapheresis was performed, which improved the neurologic symptoms and decreased both anti-MAG and anti-GM1 antibody titers. This is the first Japanese case presenting IgM paraproteinemic polyneuropathy with simultaneous occurrence of anti-MAG and anti-GM1 antibodies.
Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic↗
Changes in free and bound alcohol metabolites in the urine during ethanol oxidation.
Free and bound ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetate, acetone and methanol in urine during alcohol oxidation were analyzed by means of a head space gas chromatography. Four healthy male volunteers drank beer for 20 min with 16 ml/kg for non-flushers (A, B) and 8 ml/kg for flushers (C, D). In the urine, the highest bound ethanol levels were between 0.5-1.1 mM for the non-flushers (NF) and 0.2-0.3 mM for the flushers (F). The urine free ethanol levels were 23-70 times as high as bound ethanol levels. The maximum free acetaldehyde in urine was 11-13 microM for the NF and 26-55 microM for the F. The urine bound acetaldehyde levels were 4-5 microM for the NF and 7-15 microM for the F. Urine acetaldehyde existed in free forms at 2.4-3.6 times as high concentrations as in bound forms during ethanol oxidation. The urine free acetate ranged between 0.3-2.0 mM. The bound acetate varied between 0.7-1.1 mM. The urine free methanol at 70-110 microM before the intake increased to 104-180 microM. The bound methanol reached to 78-126 microM from 48-97 microM before the intake. Ethanol levels in the urine were ethanol dose-dependent, whereas it was thought that free and bound acetaldehyde or acetate reflected individual metabolic abilities and not the amount of ethanol consumed.
Acetaldehyde↗
[Fat necrosis arising in the perinerhrium].
The patient was a 74-year-old woman. During the investigation for abdominal pain, a mass lesion was detected adjacent to the left kidney using ultrasound. The left radical nephrectomy was performed under a clinical diagnosis of liposarcoma. Histological examination revealed fat necrosis with hemorrhage arising in the perinephrium. No tumor cells were confirmed microscopically. We reviewed the literature, but there found, no case reports of fat necrosis arising in the perinephrium, except for reports in rats or cows.
Aged↗
[Experimental study in Japanese monkeys with Helicobacter pylori infection].
Japanese monkeys were studied for one month from 6 months (short-term) after inoculation of Helicobacter pylori, and two years (long-term). In the short-term study, macroscopic and histological gastritis were observed for 5 infected monkeys. The gastritis score, the ammonia concentration in the gastric secretion and the level of serum antibody (IgG) were higher for the infected group than for the control. In the long term study, H. pylori was always recovered for 2 years in the infected group, and the gastritis score was higher than the control. The intracellular periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) positive substances in the infected group decreased than that of the control. The tall of pyloric gland in the infected group was significantly decreased on 6 months from 1.5 years. These results suggest that the Japanese monkey can be used as experimental model of H. pylori infection and that H. pylori can induce chronic active gastritis similar to human.
Animals↗
[The role for Helicobacter pylori infection in intractable and recurrent ulcer].
Patients with intractable peptic ulcer or recurrent peptic ulcer have high rate of Helicobacter pylori infection. To study the effect of H. pylori on the recurrence of peptic ulcer, we treated the patients, who had H. pylori infection, with antibiotics (amoxicillin, clarithromycin, fosfomycin). After one year, none of peptic ulcer patient in whom H. pylori was eradicated had a recurrence. Among patients who remained positive for H. pylori, the ulcer relapse rate was 61% (11 of 18). In patients who were successfully eradicated of H. pylori with antibiotics the rate of recurrence was reduced. Patients with both intractable peptic ulcer and H. pylori infection were treated with antibiotics. Eradication of H. pylori induced ulcer healing. These findings suggest an important role for H. pylori in intractable and recurrent peptic ulcer.
Aged↗
[In vitro anti-microbial activity against H. pylori and clinical efficacy of various drugs].
The in vitro antimicrobial activity against H. pylori and clinical efficacy of various antibiotics and antiulcer drugs are summarized in this study. H. pylori highly sensitive to most of the beta-lactams and macrolides. Especially, amoxicillin and clarithromycin have satisfactory in vitro activity against H. pylori. The anti-ulcer drugs, sofalcon and plaunotol, used in Japan as mucosal protective agents, also have a weak activity against H. pylori with MIC50 12.5 micrograms/ml and MIC90, 50-100 micrograms/ml, while H2-receptor antagonists do not have in vitro activity. Efficacy of antibiotics as monotherapy for eradicating H. pylori is rather poor. The best results with monotherapy are obtained with clarithromycin and amoxicillin. Omeprazole monotherapy suppresses H. pylori infection but does not eradicate H. pylori. Combined therapy with omeprazole and amoxicillin have strong synergistic effects on the eradication of H. pylori (68.8%). Newly developed proton pump inhibitors, such as lansoprazole, E-3810 and their derivatives, showed strong in vitro activity against H. pylori suggesting that these drugs may be useful for the treatment of H. pylori infection.
Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
[Eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori in gastroduodenal ulcer and its long-term course].
We investigated the efficacy of antimicrobial drugs, amoxicillin and clarithromycin that have the in vitro activity against H. pylori, and observed a long term course of ulcer after eradication. The eradication rate of combination therapy with PPI and amoxicillin showed best result (13/18: 72%). In eradicated cases, index of PAS positive substance and gastritis score in antral mucosa that is histological examination was improved, and ammonia concentration in gastric secretions decreased. The recurrent rate of ulcer in long term course after eradication was investigated, the recurrent rate of ulcer was significantly lower in H pylori eradicated cases than in H. pylori continuously positive cases. Results suggest that eradication of H. pylori may be controlled recurrence of H. pylori positive peptic ulcer.
Amoxicillin↗
Expressions of N-myc and ras oncogene products in neuroblastoma and their correlations with prognosis.
Thirty-six neuroblastomas were studied to determine the clinical significance of the N-myc gene product, N-myc, and the ras gene product, p21. The expressions of both gene products were analyzed immunohistochemically using formalin-fixed paraffin sections. Neuroblastoma cells were positive for N-myc expression in 13 cases and for p21 expression in 19 cases. N-myc expressions showed no significant relation to any clinical prognostic factor, whereas p21 expression was well correlated with clinical staging and Shimada's classification. There was a tendency for p21 expression to be low in N-myc(+) tumors, whereas p21 expression was frequently detected when N-myc expression was absent. The survival rate for N-myc(-) patients was significantly higher than for N-myc(+) patients (P < 0.01). The survival rate for p21(+) patients was significantly higher than for p21(-) patients (P < 0.001). In addition, N-myc(+) and p21(-) patients showed a strong tendency towards a poor prognosis, whereas a combination of p21(+) and N-myc(-) indicated a good prognosis (P < 0.01). The results suggest that expressions of N-myc and p21 detected by immunohistochemical staining could be among the most reliable prognostic indicators in neuroblastoma patients.
Adolescent↗