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Biomedical subjects

T Fujioka

Publications and source records attributed to T Fujioka.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Unilateral pulmonary agenesis with tracheoesophageal fistula: a case report.

The authors describe a neonate with unilateral pulmonary agenesis and esophageal atresia (Gross type C). Definitive repair for the atresia was completed during the early neonatal period, and the patient is alive and well more than 1 year after surgery. Most patients with pulmonary agenesis associated with esophageal atresia have not survived, mainly because of postoperative cardiorespiratory failure. Early protection and preservation of respiratory units is essential for the management of these patients.

Esophageal Atresia↗
PubMed1995

Ischemic and hemorrhagic brain stem lesions mimicking diabetic ophthalmoplegia.

Two patients with diabetes mellitus, one of them with an isolated third cranial nerve palsy and the other with an isolated sixth cranial nerve palsy, are presented. MRI investigations including diffusion-weighted MRI revealed a small ischemic brain stem lesion in the former and a small hemorrhagic brain stem lesion in the latter. In the former case wallerian degeneration of the nerve fascicle within the mesencephalon was also detected. These cases indicate that vascular accidents of the brain stem may masquerade as fascicular or infranuclear disturbance of the oculomotor or abducens nerve; therefore, it is important to include brain stem lesions into the differential diagnosis of isolated ophthalmoplegia. Thorough investigation by MRI including diffusion-weighted MRI is helpful for correct diagnosis.

Abducens Nerve↗
PubMed1995

Anti-AIDS agents--XIX. Neotripterifordin, a novel anti-HIV principle from Tripterygium wilfordii: isolation and structural elucidation.

A new kaurane type diterpene lactone, neotripterifordin (1), has been isolated from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii. The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic methods, which included the concerted application of a number of 2-D NMR techniques including 1H-1H COSY, phase-sensitive NOESY, HETCOR, and long-range HETCOR. Compound 1 showed potent anti-HIV replication activity in H9 lymphocyte cells with an EC50 of 25 nM and TI of 125.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Pylorus-preserving gastrectomy with radical lymph node dissection based on anatomical variations of the infrapyloric artery.

We devised a method for performing pylorus-preserving gastrectomy (PPG) with radical lymph node dissection without compromising pyloric blood flow, based on vascular anatomical evaluation of 210 celiac angiograms. The origin of the infrapyloric artery was variable, but consistently supplied blood flow to the pylorus and the posterior wall of the antrum. When the infrapyloric artery originated from the gastroduodenal artery or from one of its pancreatic branches (type A, 88%), the right gastroepiploic artery was divided at its origin, allowing the excision of all adjacent lymph nodes. When the infrapyloric artery originated from the right gastroepiploic artery (type B, 12%), the right gastroepiploic artery was divided distal to the infrapyloric artery origin and the short right gastroepiploic artery remnant was skeletonized of lymph nodes. We have used this technique to perform PPG on 25 patients with early gastric cancer in the middle third of the stomach with minimal morbidity and no mortality.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Quality of portal verification images using GLP7 film.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To improve portal verification radiographs, we tested the application of GLP7 film. METHODS: The quality of the portal verification radiograph using the XV cassette-GLP7 film combination and the XL cassette-GLP7 film combination was investigated. The XV cassette-XV2 film combination and the SA cassette-GS screen-XTL film combination also were used for comparison. RESULTS: The characteristic curves showed that the relative speeds were 0.32 and 0.47 for the XV-GLP7 and XL-GLP7 combinations and that the average gradients were 1.93, 2.14, and 1.32 for the XV-GLP7, XL-GLP7, and XV-XV2 combinations, respectively. In the experiment using Burger's phantom, the smallest visible volumes were 11.8, 11.3, 28.7, and 19.6 mm3 for the XV-GLP7, XL-GLP7, XV-XV2, and SA-GS-XTL combinations, respectively. In the lower dosage treatment in the clinic, there were no marked differences between the GLP7 film and XV2 film. However, in the higher dosage treatment, the GLP7 film had a better quality than did the XV2 film. CONCLUSION: Portal verification radiographs using GLP7 film are of sufficient quality for clinical use.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

Antitumor agents, 157. Absolute structures of cumingianosides A-F, antileukemic triterpene glucosides, and structures of the hydrolysates of cumingianoside A.

The stereostructures of cumingianosides A-F, a series of triterpene glucosides with a 14,18-cycloapoeuphane skeleton, have been established by X-ray crystallographic analysis on an aglycone [1c] the acid hydrolysate of cumingianoside A [1], which is a potent cytotoxic triterpene against MOLT-4 human leukemia cells with an EC50 value of < 0.00625 microM. The 14,18-cyclopropane ring in cumingianoside A [1] was opened under acidic conditions in two different directions to give compounds with an apoeuphane skeleton and a dammarane skeleton. Furthermore, it was found that subsequent hydrolysis yielded not only an aglycone with an apoeuphane skeleton [1c] but also an apo-rearrangement product [1d].

Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic↗
PubMed1995

Suppression by prolactin of the electrically induced erectile response through its direct effect on the corpus cavernosum penis in the dog.

PURPOSE: Men become impotent when exposed to hyperprolactinemia. To clarify its mechanisms the effects of intracorporal infusion of prolactin on electrically induced penile erection were evaluated in 12 male dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prolactin (10 micrograms./ml.) or control saline was directly infused into the corpus cavernosum penis 5 minutes before electrical pulse stimulation of the pelvic nerve and the intracorporal pressure was monitored. RESULTS: In 8 dogs erection was markedly suppressed or completely abolished by prolactin. In the remaining 4, this effect of prolactin became manifest only when the ipsilateral internal pudenal artery was ligated. Saline infusion was without effect. CONCLUSIONS: An excess of prolactin directly inhibited the smooth muscle relaxation of corpus cavernosum penis.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Surgical treatment of renal cell carcinoma extending into the vena cava.

BACKGROUND: Renal cell carcinoma has a tendency to invade the vasculature and the prognostic implications of intravena caval tumor thrombectomy remains controversial. We reviewed our clinical experience with RCC patients who underwent tumor thrombectomy and radical nephrectomy. METHODS: Surgery was carried out in 13 renal cell carcinoma patients with inferior vena cava extension over the past seven years. Diagnosis of intracaval tumor extension and thrombus formation was made by imaging techniques including ultrasonography and computed tomography. Cavography and magnetic resonance imaging were also performed in some cases. RESULTS: The level of the tumor thrombus was infrahepatic (V2a) in nine cases and retrohepatic (V2b) in four. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging were extremely useful in defining the extent of the thrombus in addition to detecting its presence. The caval thrombi were reached simply by ligation and division of the short hepatic veins in the V2a cases, but liver mobilization was required in the V2b cases. There were no operative deaths. Two patients who had metastases on surgery died of the disease eight and 13 months after surgery. Four of the 11 patients in whom no evidence of metastasis was found on surgery also died of the disease between nine and 16 months postoperatively. The remaining seven patients are still alive at periods of 6-74 months after surgery, with or without residual tumors. The nature of the intracaval tumor thrombi seems to affect the overall prognosis for survival. Elevated levels of acute phase reactants and immunosuppressive acidic protein were associated with short survival times. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience suggests that aggressive surgery should be considered in selected patients with non-metastatic renal cell carcinoma extending into the vena cava.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Cytotoxic effects of Helicobacter pylori on guinea pig gastric glands.

To study the cytotoxic effect of Helicobacter pylori on the gastric P3cosa, gastric glands harvested from guinea pigs were incubated with clinical isolates of H. pylori. H. pylori alone (H group), urea alone (U group), H. pylori plus urea (HU group), and H. pylori plus urea and the urease inhibitor acetohydroxamic acid (HUA group) were incubated with isolated gastric glands. The controls were incubated without additives. Incubation was for 30, 60 and 180 min at 37 degrees C in a microaerophilic atmosphere. The HU group showed an increase in the ammonia concentration and pH of the culture supernatant; release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) into the supernatant owing to cell disruption was also increased. In the HUA group, since urease activity was inhibited, the ammonia concentration and pH were also significantly lower (p < 0.001), and LDH and GOT release into the supernatant was significantly reduced (p < 0.001-0.01). Observation by light and electron microscopy showed clear intracellular vacuolization of the gastric glands and adherence of H. pylori to the cell surfaces. These results suggest that ammonia, a metabolite of urea released by H. pylori urease, is one of the important factors in cytotoxicity in isolated gastric glands.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1995

Mutations in the core promoter/enhancer II regions of naturally occurring hepatitis B virus variants and analysis of the effects on transcription activities.

The regulatory regions for transcription and replication of several hepatitis B virus (HBV) genomes from 19 patients having various forms of HBV infection were sequenced. Predominant mutations were found to occur naturally in nucleotide positions 1762 (A to T) and 1764 (G to A) in chronic hepatitis patients and in asymptomatic carriers after seroconversion, but were not observed in HBeAg-positive healthy carriers. Since these positions were located in the basic core promoter and the overlapping enhancer II regions situated within the core upstream region, transcriptional activity was examined by chloramphenicol acetyltransferase assay to determine if there was a possible difference between the mutant and wild-type HBV. However, no significant difference was detected upon comparison of the promoter and enhancer activities between mutant and wild-type HBV.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1995

Hypersensitivity to Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen in dogs.

Four of 51 dogs with chronic dermatitis were made to react to crude Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica, CJ) pollen allergen by the intradermal skin test (IDST). These four dogs had specific IgE to CJ as determined by Prausnitz-Küstner test. In the provocation test, nasal discharge increased 5 to 20 min after introduction of the crude CJ pollen allergen into the nasal cavities, in two of three dogs. These results demonstrated that these dogs had hypersensitive to CJ pollen, which might be a cause of atopic disease in dogs.

Allergens↗
PubMed1995

[Uretero-aortic fistula: a case report of a serious complication of indwelling ureteral catheter].

We present a case of a uretero-aortic fistula assumed to be caused by an indwelling ureteral catheter. A 65-year-old male who underwent cystectomy and ureterocutaneostomy with bilateral ureteral stents had been well until gross hematuria from the left catheter developed. In spite of a through radiological examination of the left kidney, no abnormal findings were noted. However, massive hemorrhage was encountered on catheter exchange, prompting us to suspect a formation of a uretero-arterial fistula. CT scan was performed again, demonstrating severe adhesion between the left ureter and the aorta at the crossing point. At exploration, a fistula of about 7 mm between the left ureter and anterior surface of the aorta was recognized. Left nephro-ureterectomy and closure of the aortic fistula with a rectus muscle fascia wrapping was successfully performed. His postoperative course was uneventful. Because the continued increase in the utilization of ureteral catheters could cause frequent occurrence of this condition, urologists should be aware of a uretero-arterial fistula as possible serious complication of indwelling ureteral catheters.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Study on peripheral blood stem cells mobilized by different chemotherapies with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor in ovarian cancer].

A new therapeutic strategy for advanced ovarian cancer is to administer ultra-high doses of anticancerous drugs, followed by peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) to recover normal marrow functions. There are, however, no clear regimens to induce mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs). We therefore used three different chemotherapies and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to produce a rebound increase in PBSCs during myelosuppression by apheresis. Eleven patients with advanced ovarian cancer (FIGO Stage; IIc-1, IIIc-5, IV-4, Recurrence-1) received chemotherapy with CEP (cyclophosphamide: 500-750mg/m2, epirubicin: 50-70mg/m2, cisplatin: 70mg/m2), CEE (cyclophosphamide: 2,000mg/m2, epirubicin: 50mg/m2, etoposide: 300mg/m2, and PEC salvage (cisplatin: 75mg/m2, etoposide: 300mg/m2, cyclophosphamide: 1,000mg/m2) followed by lenograstim (G-CSF; 2 micrograms/kg subcutaneous injection daily for 14-18 days) to mobilize PBSCs. A range of 0-38.2 x 10(4) (mean +/- S.D.; 11.1 +/- 5.0 x 10(4) colony forming unit granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM)/kg in the CEP regimen (n = 15), 1.6-40.8 x 10(4) (mean +/- S.D.; 12.3 +/- 3.6 x 10(4) CFU-GM/kg in the CEE regimen (n = 11), and 8.6-11.4 x 10(4) (mean +/- S.D.; 10.0 +/- 2.0 x 10(4) CFU-GM/kg in the PEC salvage regimen (n = 2) were recruited by a single apheresis. Although the CEE regimen to mobilize PBSCs was much more efficient than the CEP regimen, a large number of PBSCs showing 38.2 x 10(4) CFU-GM/kg were mobilized by the CEP regimen with a dose-escalation of cyclophosphamide 750mg/m2 and epirubicin 70mg/m2. The number of CFU-GM/kg correlated well with that of CD34+ (r = 0.693).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1995

[Acute pulmonary embolism after radical operation for renal cell carcinoma with vena caval extension: a case cured by thrombolytic therapy].

A 54-year-old man was hospitalized for a right renal tumor with intraluminal extension into the vena cava. He underwent radical nephrectomy with thrombectomy and regional lymphadenectomy. On the 8th postoperative day, he suddenly complained of dyspnea with tachypnea and cyanosis. Arterial blood gas analyses under an oxygen flow of 4L/min revealed PaO2 32.1 mmHg. Pulmonary angiography revealed filling defects in the right main pulmonary artery and left descending branch. Under the diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism, thrombolytic and anti-coagulation therapy was performed and the patient recovered from the disease. We should be aware of pulmonary embolism as a postoperative complication of urological surgery.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

[Virulence and pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection].

Recent studies on the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and gastritis or gastroduodenal ulcers have indicated that this organism can induce chronic active gastritis with neutrophil infiltration. However the mechanisms by which bacteria colonized and damage the host are often complex and multiple. The ammonia produced by H. pylori, which has strong urease activity, has been reported to have a cytotoxic effect on the gastric mucosa. With H. pylori the major areas of interest regarding pathogenesis are also related to other factors such as oxygen radicals, cytotoxins and cytokines. There may also be virulence differences between H. pylori strains which may determine the severity of the gastric mucosal damage. Clearly this is an important area for future research.

Animals↗