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Biomedical subjects

T Fujimoto

Publications and source records attributed to T Fujimoto.

At least 937 records · Page 52Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of total parenteral nutrition in pediatric bone marrow transplantation.

To evaluate the extent of the nutritional stress of pediatric bone marrow transplantation (BMT) and to evaluate the use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), 35 consecutive pediatric patients who received BMT were studied retrospectively. Voluntary cessation of oral nutrition in almost all patients was observed, and significant decreases of serum albumin levels were seen after BMT. In 85% of these patients, TPN was necessary in response to severe wasting and fasting. No deaths were related to indwelling central venous catheters during the period of 2968 catheter-use days in these severely myelosuppressed patients. The mean of the total daily energy intake was 104% of basal energy expenditure (BEE), and 70% of patients lost their weight. Predicted energy requirement to maintain body weight after BMT would be 128% of BEE from a simple linear regression step in this study. Significant correlations were found between the marrow recovery time and the initial nutritional state, expressed as the percentage of ideal weight height ratio, as well as benign nature of the disease. The use of TPN did not show any beneficial effects on the time course of marrow recovery, although it showed favorable effects on the maintenance of body weight.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Successful nutrition management of megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome--a case report.

Megacystis-microcolon-intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS), a visceral myopathy causing intestinal obstruction in the newborn, is a generally fatal condition, with death being secondary either to sepsis or to malnutrition if long-term intravenous feeding is not provided. A patient with MMIHS is described who has been raised by total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for seven years since her birth. Severe hepatic dysfunction was encountered in early infancy, which gradually cleared after the initiation of milk feeding by mouth, although the milk could not be absorbed because of the high-output jejunostomy. The patient also experienced a bone disease similar to scurvy but caused by copper deficiency at the age of 9 months. The central venous catheter now in situ is the 25th one for the patient. When these catheters were evaluated, the Broviac proved more efficacious than the traditional Silastic for use in long-term TPN. The patient does not yet have normal bowel function and still requires TPN.

Catheterization, Central Venous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytologic evaluation of atypical cells in cervicovaginal smears from women with tubal pregnancies.

Cytologic changes in the cervicovaginal smears of 28 women with tubal pregnancies are described. Eleven cervicovaginal smears showed atypical cells, including two cellular patterns: glandular type and naked-nuclei type. About 60% of the cases with atypical cells included the naked-nuclei type of cell, which showed wide variations in nuclear size. Polyploid Feulgen DNA distributions were noted for both types of cells, which probably originate with the Arias-Stella reaction of the endometrium. The cytologic observation of atypical Arias-Stella cells in cervicovaginal smears may be useful in the early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, especially if both cell types are present.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Association of mast cells with vaginal trichomoniasis in endocervical smears.

In endocervical smears obtained from 40 women with Trichomonas vaginalis infection, 25 women with infections other than T. vaginalis and 35 cytologically normal women, inflammatory cells consistent with mast cells (tissue basophils) were examined. Mast cells were present predominantly in the smears of patients infected with T. vaginalis but were infrequent in those of patients with other infections and in those of the normal, control group. The numbers of mast cells in endocervical smears and the white blood cell counts in vaginal discharges showed a positive correlation with the degree of T. vaginalis infection. Our data seem to indicate that the presence of mast cells in the uterine cervix may be an immunologic response, possibly of an allergic nature, to T. vaginalis.

Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The cells from intrauterine contraceptive devices: with special reference to the occurrence of mast cells.

A study of cytologic smears from 26 women using intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) confirmed our previous findings for mast cells and further defined the averages, proportions and types of cells in IUD smears. The average number of cells was found to be 65.5 x 10(4), with a range of 1.3 x 10(4) to 280 x 10(4). The cellular proportions found were 49.0% macrophages, 42.7% polymorphonuclear leukocytes, 4.0% endometrial glandular cells, 1.3% mast cells and 3.0% other cells. Total nucleated-cell counts showed one group with a large number of cells (greater than 5 x 10(5) cells) and another group with a smaller number of cells (less than or equal to 5 x 10(5) cells). These groups showed significant differences in cell types, with a predominance of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in the former and macrophages in the latter. The mast cell counts were similar in both groups. The data suggest that mast cells have a role in IUD functioning. It may be based on an immunologic mechanism.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cytologic findings in postpartum and postabortal smears.

A study was undertaken to evaluate the cytologic features of pregnancy-induced cell patterns (PIP) observed in postpartum and postabortal cervicovaginal smears. A total of 3,000 PIP were evaluated and studied by an indirect immunofluorescent technique using human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). Three characteristic types of PIP were demonstrated. In type I PIP, the cells had a sheetlike arrangement with a fine chromatin pattern and were thought to be of decidual origin. Type II PIP were shed in clumps and had round nuclei, cytoplasmic vacuoles and coarse chromatin. They were thought to originate in the endometrium with the Arias-Stella reaction. Type III PIP were large and had large nuclei with marked atypism. They were thought to be cytotrophoblasts. Almost all of the type III PIP were positive with the anti-HCG stain. It is concluded that this classification and analysis is significant and could reduce the number of false-positive cytology reports on postpartum and postabortal smears.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A warning detector for urinary incontinence for home health care.

A telemetry system for monitoring urinary incontinence has been developed using two principles, temperature and impedance changes of a diaper. The system is composed of a pair of sensors, a transmitter, and a receiver. Temperature changes are monitored using thermistors, one in the center of the diaper and the other attached to the abdomen, and the temperature differences between them after urinary incontinence is detected. For the impedance method, two electroconductive cloths as electrodes placed in the diaper are used as sensors. Urine acts as a conductor to produce a current between the sensors. Clinical evaluation showed that both methods operate well; 13 of 17 incontinence episodes were detected using the temperature method and 32 of 35 with the impedance method. The misdetections were caused by faulty sensor arrangement for temperature measurement and by detection of exudates by the conductive sensors. These monitors may be used for the care of elderly people who use diapers for home health care, to save care time and help maintain hygiene.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in left ventricular inflow and pulmonary venous flow patterns during preload alteration in dilated heart].

Changes in left ventricular inflow (LVIF) and pulmonary venous flow (PVF) patterns during preload alteration were assessed in 30 patients with dilated heart, including 10 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and 20 with old myocardial infarction. Transesophageal Doppler echocardiography was performed during lower body negative (LBNP, -40 mmHg) and positive pressure (LBPP, +40 mmHg) in all 30 patients and 20 normal controls. Eight of the 30 patients showed the "pseudonormalization (PN)" pattern, and 22 showed the "decreased early diastolic wave (E) and compensatorily increased atrial contraction wave (A) (N-PN)" pattern of LVIF in the control state. The diastolic wave (PVD) of the PVF and E of the LVIF were significantly higher, and the second systolic wave (PVS2) of the PVF and A of the LVIF were lower in the PN group than in the N-PN group. The amplitude of the atrial contraction wave (PVA) of the PVF in both groups of dilated heart patients was larger than in the normal group. The ratio of the amplitude of the atrial contraction wave to the total vertical deflection (A/H) of the apexcardiogram and mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) in the PN group were greater than those in the N-PN group in the control state. LVIF in six of the 22 N-PN patients changed to the PN pattern during LBPP, and in three of eight PN patients changed to the N-PN pattern during LBNP. The six patients demonstrating the change from the N-PN to PN pattern showed a significant increase in PVD and PVA during LBPP compared with the control state, and a significant increase in PCWP in the control state compared with the 14 patients without a change in LVIF. Peak velocity of E in each group was decreased during LBNP and increased during LBPP, but peak velocity of A did not change during preload alteration. Peak velocity of PVS2 in the normal group was significantly decreased, and those of the PN and N-PN groups were decreased but not significantly during LBNP. The peak velocity of PVD was decreased during LBNP in the PN and N-PN groups, and the decrease was significantly higher in the former than in the latter.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of a miniature intraventricular axial flow blood pump.

A new intraventricular axial flow blood pump has been designed and developed as a totally implantable left ventricular assist device (LVAD). This pump consists of an impeller combined with a guide-vane, a tube housing, and a DC motor. The pump is introduced into the LV cavity through the LV apex, and the outlet cannula is passed antegrade across the aortic valve. Blood is withdrawn from the LV through the inlet ports at the pump base, and discharged to the ascending aorta. Our newly developed axial flow pump system has the following advantages: 1) it is a simple and compact system, 2) minimal blood stasis both in the device and the LV cavity, 3) minimal blood contacting surface of the pump, 4) easy accessibility with a less invasive surgical procedure, and 5) low cost. A pump flow > 5 L/min was obtained against 100 mmHg differential pressure in the mock circulatory system. The pump could produce a passive pulsatile flow effect with a beating heart more efficiently than other non-pulsatile pumps because of minimal pressure drop and inertia along the bypass tract. Anatomic fit studies using dissected hearts of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) cadavers showed that this pump could smoothly pass through the aortic valve without any interference with mitral valve function. Recently, a dynamic pressure groove bearing and a miniature lip seal have been developed. The dynamic pressure groove bearing has a simple structure and acts as a pressure resistant sealing mechanism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Cardiomyopathy, Dilated↗