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Biomedical subjects

T Etoh

Publications and source records attributed to T Etoh.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Cytogenetic characteristics of a malignant rhabdoid tumor arising from the paravertebral region. A case report.

The pathological and cytogenetic features of an extrarenal malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) arising from the paravertebral region in an infant were investigated. The patient died 4 months after diagnosis, due to aggressive tumor progression. The tumor was composed of medium-sized round cells with cytoplasm containing eosinophilic inclusions, which ultrastructurally were composed of densely packed whorled intermediate filaments. Flow-cytometric analysis of the tumor cells revealed a diploid pattern. Amplification of the N-myc oncogene was not identified. Immunohistologically, the inclusion bodies showed a positive reaction with antiserum against vimentin. The tumor cells were not reactive with antiserum against epithelial membrane antigen, anti-keratin (polyclonal) or cytokeratin (monoclonal, CK1), but did react with 5H10, an antiserum established from human sarcomatous Wilms' tumor. This case is discussed with reference to the literature on extrarenal MRT, placing stress on the histogenesis of this tumor.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Long-term cultured neurons from rat suprachiasmatic nucleus retain the capacity for circadian oscillation of vasopressin release.

We have developed a dissociated suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) cell culture system in order to begin a cellular analysis of the mammalian circadian oscillator. Monolayer-cultured neurons prepared from the SCN regions of 1-day-old rats were maintained in serum-free culture medium for 3-4 weeks and then perfused. In 12 out of 40 wells, a circadian oscillation of vasopressin release persisted for at least 4-5 cycles until the end of the perfusion period with no damping of the amplitude. This finding suggests that cultured SCN neurons retain the capacity for circadian oscillation for a long time, and should provide a useful model for the analysis of a mammalian circadian system at the cellular level.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Rapid reentrainment of the circadian clock itself, but not the measurable activity rhythms to a new light-dark cycle in the rat.

Experiments were performed to determine if the circadian clock reentrains more quickly to an 8-hour phase shift in light-dark (LD) cycles than does the overt rhythm of activity. To investigate the reentrainment of the clock itself to an 8-hour advance or delay in the LD cycle, the rats were released into constant darkness only two or three days after a shift in LD cycle, and the amount of the phase shift of the clock itself was estimated from where free-running rhythm started by backward extrapolation. If the circadian clock could rapidly reset itself to the new LD cycle, it was predicted that the free-running rhythm of activity would start from near the dark period of the new LD cycle rather than the preceding one. When rats were released into constant darkness three days after the LD cycle was advanced by 8 hours, the activity of the free-running rhythm started near time of dark period of the new LD cycle in all rats (n = 16). When rats (n = 24) were released into constant darkness two days after the LD cycle was advanced by 8 hours, 12 rats started the activity near time of dark period of the new LD cycle, while 9 rats started the activity near time of dark period of the preceding LD cycle. The remaining 3 rats showed the activity of the free-running rhythm near intermediate phase (transient phase). On the other hand, when the rats were not released into constant darkness after LD cycle was advanced by 8 hours, it took 6.4 days for activity rhythm to reentrain to the advanced LD cycle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Cell migration and actin organization in cultured human primary, recurrent cutaneous and metastatic melanoma. Time-lapse and image analysis.

Random cell migration and actin organization in seven human primary, recurrent cutaneous, and metastatic melanoma cell lines were studied by time-lapse video recording and image analysis. The migration of over 800 randomly selected cells from the cell lines were recorded using an inverted microscope with an attached incubator housing. The fraction of cells with random migration rates greater than 10 microns/hour was 8% in an established primary melanoma cell line, 2% and 34% in two recurrent cutaneous melanoma cell lines, and 5%, 30%, 31%, and 60% in four metastatic cell lines. The three metastatic cell lines with significantly higher mean migration rates (P less than 0.001) were derived from lymph node metastases, whereas the fourth metastatic cell line was derived from a visceral metastasis. The cellular morphology and presence of cell nests in the original tissue correlated with in vitro cell morphology and the formation of colonies. The ability of cells to organize actin into stress fibers directly correlated with significantly higher random migration rates and lack of colony formation. Characterization of random migration rates and actin organization of human melanoma cells that are isolated from different stages of tumor progression may lend insight into metastasis.

Actins↗
PubMed1990

The effects of scleroderma sera on endothelial cell survival in vitro.

The effects of sera and of platelet-poor plasma from patients with scleroderma on endothelial cell survival in vitro were studied. The survival ratio of rat heart endothelial cells was studied both in 10% test serum and in 10% platelet-poor plasma. Sera from patients with scleroderma decreased the survival ratio significantly when compared with sera from normal controls. In contrast, there was no significant difference between platelet-poor plasma from patients with scleroderma and that from normal controls. Our data indicate that platelets in the patients with scleroderma may cause vascular damage by affecting endothelial cell survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A case of neurofibrosarcoma associated with neurofibromatosis: light microscopic, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical and biochemical investigations.

A case of neurofibrosarcoma (NFS) with neurofibromatosis was studied by light microscopic, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical and biochemical methods. Histologically, spindle-shaped tumor cells with atypical hyperchromatic nuclei were arranged in a fascicular or sheet-like fashion. Electron microscopic examination revealed discontinuous basement membrane-like structures. Immunohistochemical study revealed S100 protein alpha chains in tumor cells. A biochemical analysis showed large amounts of gangliosides (sialic acid 13.5 micrograms/g wet tissue weight) in tumors. GM3 and GD3 were the major components; these results were compatible with the NFS ganglioside patterns found in our previous study. Results confirmed the diagnosis of NFS and indicate that NFS clearly has some neuroectodermal characteristics and that Schwann cells may possibly be related to its origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The effects of various growth factors on endothelial cell survival in vitro.

The effects of various growth factors on endothelial cell survival in vitro were studied. Using rat heart endothelial cells, the cell survival curves were obtained; the cells were cultured until confluent, the medium was changed to serum-free medium with or without growth factors, and the cells were counted after 3, 6, 9, and 12 days. Transforming growth factor-beta, which is known as a potent growth inhibitor for vascular endothelial cells, shortened the rat heart endothelial cell's survival period, while epidermal growth factor or transforming growth factor-alpha prolonged survival. Insulin did not affect the rat heart endothelial cell's survival. Our data indicate that growth factors play a role not only in cell proliferation but also in cell survival in vitro. In addition, elevated levels of growth inhibitors such as transforming growth factor-beta may cause tissue damage in vivo by affecting cell survival.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Tumor imaging by antineuroblastoma monoclonal antibody and its application to treatment.

Antineuroblastoma monoclonal antibody (MoAb) was labeled with iodine-131 (131I) and injected into transplantable human neuroblastoma-bearing nude mice in vivo. Imaging of the tumor by gamma camera was then attempted. At the fourth day after injection of the antibody, relatively heavy labeling was observed in the tumor. Principal organs were removed and their 131I uptake was determined. A high radioactivity count was detected in the tumor, indicating efficacy of this antibody in tumor imaging of neuroblastoma. This antibody was labeled with 131I and injected into transplantable human neuroblastoma-bearing mice. Apparent inhibition of tumor growth was observed in animals treated as such compared with animals of the control group, MoAb alone group, and 131I alone group (P less than 0.05). In addition, pathohistologic study showed binding of 131I to tumor cells and necrotic changes, suggesting the possibility of application of this MoAb to the treatment of neuroblastoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Osteosynthesis in facial bone fractures using miniplates: clinical and experimental studies.

Miniplates were used in the treatment of 66 patients with facial bone fractures. Follow-up (mean, 12 months) disclosed that complications occurred only in cases of mandibular fracture: there were five instances of wound dehiscence, two of infection, and two of occlusal disharmony. Loading tests on the mandibles of dogs which had undergone segmental resection showed that a dynamic compression plate gives rigid fixation, although this appeared to be due to the rigidity of the thick plate itself, rather than the compressive force. When mandibular continuity was restored with a graft, the miniplates provided considerable rigidity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Diagnosis of anterior perineal anus (APA)--significance of electromyographic evaluation of the external anal sphincter location].

APA is a common cause of constipation, and is the mild case of the imperforated anus. On diagnosing APA, anterior displacement of the anus and normal distribution of the external anal sphincter to the anus are essential. To determine the location of the anus in the perineum simple clinical technique was developed. In 61 normal cases, the result of measurement was almost same in each sex, but in 3 APA cases the location were anteriorly dislocated than normal cases. Distribution of the external anal sphincter was evaluated with electromyographic technique, and location map of the sphincter was made. In 3 APA cases, the anus was totally surrounded by the external anal sphincter, but in 17 ano-cutaneous fistula cases, the opening was anteriorly dislocated to the sphincter distribution map. As a conclusion, newly proposed simple clinical technique to determine anal location and electromyographic examination of the external and sphincter distribution are very useful in objective diagnosis of APA.

Anal Canal↗
PubMed1988

[Delayed primary operation of solid tumors in children].

Delayed primary operation has been started since 1982 in our department and 19 cases of solid tumor in childhood were treated with this method. They included 11 cases of advanced neuroblastoma, 5 cases of hepatoblastoma and 3 cases of yolk sac tumor in sacrococcygeal area. We discussed effectiveness of preoperative chemotherapy to the primary tumor and metastatic lesions, the best timing of operation after chemotherapy and the operative technique in delayed primary operation. Preoperative chemotherapy were useful in almost all cases of delayed primary operation, so the primary lesion and lymph nodes metastases were removed easily. We recommended it was the best timing of operation when 2 or 3 courses of preoperative chemotherapy were finished. CUSA (Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator) was the useful instrument to remove the primary tumor and lymph node metastases completely in advanced neuroblastoma preserving both kidneys.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1987

Intrauterine transmission of hepatitis B virus is closely related to placental leakage.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV), transmitted by hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive mothers by intrauterine infection, infecting newborns, is closely related to signs and symptoms associated with miscarriage. However, no correlation was observed between intrauterine infection of infants and the presence of antibodies of immunoglobulin M (IgM) class antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) in maternal blood, nor was HBeAg found in maternal or cord sera. These results indicate that contamination by the mother's blood, through placental leakage, plays an important role in HBV infection in utero. Without placental leakage, maternal blood could not pass through the placenta and enter fetal circulation, and so intrauterine infection would not occur, even if very high titers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBeAg were present in maternal blood.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1987

Radioimmunodetection of neuroblastoma with antineuroblastoma monoclonal antibody.

The Antineuroblastoma monoclonal antibody CNM-5 was submitted to preclinical studies and then used for tumor imaging with following results. 1. CNM-5 is an antibody which belongs to the IgM fraction and has a molecular weight of 900 kilodaltons. Its protein concentration was found to be 17.99 mg/dl. 2. The 131I-labeled antibody was injected into nude mice transplanted with human neuroblastoma, and imaging was performed by a gamma camera. Accumulation of 131I in the tumor was relatively clearly seen. Various organs were removed and examined for 131I uptake. Radioactivity was easily detected in the tumor, suggesting that CNM-5 is effective for use in imaging diagnosis of neuroblastoma.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Kinetics of cytotoxic T lymphocytes in stage IV-S neuroblastoma.

The kinetics of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) in a patient with stage IV-S neuroblastoma were examined for 2 months. CTL were detectable during the preoperative and postoperative periods in this stage IV-S neuroblastoma patient, in spite of the tumor-bearing condition. Furthermore, the patient's mother showed the same level of CTL. This experiment suggests that patients with stage IV-S neuroblastoma have a constantly high level of CTL, and that this immunologic response is predominantly hereditary.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗