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T Enomoto

Publications and source records attributed to T Enomoto.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Progestin receptors in testes from various animal species.

Using a synthetic progestin, R5020 (17 alpha, 21-dimethyl-19-nor-4, 9-pregnadiene-3, 20-dione), we investigated the presence of progestin receptor(s) in testicular cytosol from various animal species including humans. After incubation of cytosol from adult chickens with [3H]R5020 in the presence or absence of various unlabeled steroids, specific progestin binding was found in the 8 S region with an equilibrium dissociation constant of 2 nM and a binding capacity of 75 fmoles/mg protein. Specific progestin binding was also found in cytosol from immature chickens sedimenting in the 4 S region with a dissociation constant of 61 nM and a binding capacity of 1 pmole/mg protein. Although 5 S binding was found in the cytosols from humans, a monkey and rats, the binding specificity was low. These results clearly indicate that the testicular cytosols from chickens contain progestin receptor(s), whereas those from the other species do not.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Inhibition of the formation of electrical cell coupling of FL cell by tumor promoters.

The effect of tumor promoters on the formation of electrical cell coupling between human FL cells was investigated by means of a microelectrode technique. In culture medium containing 100 ng/ml of 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA), only 6% of the cells were coupled after 24 hr while more than 90% of the cells were coupled in control medium. The formation of cell coupling was also inhibited by other tumor promoters, phorbol-12,13-didecanoate, ingenol-13, 20-dibenzoate and mezerein, whereas non-promoting derivatives, phorbol and 4 alpha-phorbol-12, 13 didecanoate did not affect cell coupling formation. 7, 12-Dimethylbenz [a] anthracene, benzo [a] pyrene and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine did not affect the cell coupling. None of the chemicals used changed any electrical properties of the cell membrane, such as membrane potential and membrane resistance, of FL cells. Thus, it appears that TPA and other related tumor promoters inhibit the formation of cell coupling without changing the physiological properties of the membrane significantly.

Amnion↗
PubMed1980

Recognition of heterologous cells by macrophages. II. The mechanism of phagocytosis of chicken thymocytes by mouse and guinea pig macrophages.

Mouse and guinea pig macrophages cultured in vitro actively phagocytize non-opsonized thymocytes from certain heterologous animals including chickens, as shown in the accompanying paper (11). The present study was undertaken to investigate the mechanism of this phenomenon, using the phagocytosis of chicken thymocytes (c-thymocytes) by mouse and guinea pig macrophages. The involvement in this phenomenon of natural IgG passively adsorbed in situ to macrophages was excluded, since the phagocytosis of c-thymocytes was not significantly affected by the treatment of macrophages with homologous IgG or rabbit anti-sera directed toward homologous IgG. The involvement of lectin- or sugar-like receptors seems also to be unlikely, since various glycoproteins showed no significant effect. c-Thymocytes treated with normal mouse serum (NMS) but not with heat-inactivated NMS were strongly stained with goat anti-mouse C3 by an indirect immunofluorescent technique, and became extremely vulnerable to adherence to and phagocytosis by mouse macrophages, suggesting that c-thymocytes are an activator of the alternative pathway of mouse complement. These results as a whole raise the possibility that mouse and guinea pig macrophages can phagocytize c-thymocytes by recognizing their activating surfaces of the alternative complement pathway without the participation of exogenously added IgG or complement, as proposed by others in the phagocytosis of rabbit and mouse red blood cells by human monocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Injuries of basal ganglia following head trauma in children.

7 pediatric patients with injuries of basal ganglia following head trauma were reported. They ranged in age from 10 months to 10 years. 5 boys and 2 girls comprised the patients. Cases 1--4 are mild cases in which the children fell down backward while playing, followed by a minimum loss of consciousness. In every case there was hemiparesis, but all of them showed remarkable recovery. CT findings are that of unilateral basal ganglia infarction. In cases 5--7, patients suffered from symptoms of brain contusion after running out in front of an oncoming car, and they developed hemiparesis. CT findings in cases 5 and 6 showed unilateral infarction. CT of case 7 showed a massive unilateral hemorrhage of the basal ganglia. All 7 cases sustained only slight scalp wounds and no skull fracture in spite of the severity of injuries signs and CT findings. This discrepancy seems to be explained only by the so-called shearing strain theory. But we have hypothesized that anterior stretch of the lateral branch of the perforator of the middle cerebral artery plays a major role in its pathogenesis.

Basal Ganglia↗
PubMed1980

[Chronic subdural hematoma--changed its density from low to high on follow-up CT (author's transl)].

Recently much attention has been paid once again to etiology of chronic subdural hematoma since the appearance of computed tomography (CT). Authors examined 1824 head injury cases by CT from January 1977 to September 1979. Among them, there are 40 cases (they were all over 16 years old) whose CT showed frontal extracerebral low density area. The low density area which is considered to be so-called fluid collection could be classified into four types (type I to IV). In two cases of those 40 cases (5%), the low density area changed into high density area which seemed to be hemorrhage. The 2 cases were diagnosed to be chronic subdural hematoma and proved surgery. The change of density on CT developed only from type I (the brain surface looks smooth and sulci are not recognized beneath the low density area). The change of density, occurred in 2 cases among 24 cases of type I (8.3%), was recognized about 2 months after the head injury. This fact is compatible with the report by Yamada et al. (1979). Thus, when CT after the head injury shows frontal extracerebral low density area of type I, the case may develop to chronic subdural hematoma about 2 months after the head injury. Therefore, careful observation should be needed especially during this period after the head injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma--report of a case (author's transl)].

A typical case of spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma was reported. The patient was a 52 year-old male. He suddenly developed severe high back pain followed by complete paraplegia and rectovesical insufficiency. Myelography disclosed epidural mass extending fro Th2 t0 Th4. Laminectomy and removal of hematoma were carried out 4 days after the onset. Post-operative course was uneventful. Four months later he began to walk with the aids and 7 months later he was fully ambulatory and discharged. We analysed 110 cases already reported including our own and obtained the following conclusions. Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma was 67% and secondary one 33%. The most frequent precipitating factor was usage of anticoagulant followed by trauma and vascular anomaly. There were relatively many case below the age of 15. The level of lesion predominated in thoracic region. Early operation was imperative but even in delayed cases good result could be expected especially in younger patient and those with lumbal lesion.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1979

Effect of thymidine on poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in vivo.

The addition of thymidine as well as nicotinamide to isolated nuclei resulted in a strong inhibition of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, whereas that of hydroxyurea and amethopterin has essentially no effect. The nuclei isolated from the cells immediately after release from thymidine synchronization exhibited a significantly increased activity of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation. Thereafter, the fluctuation pattern of the activity of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in isolated nuclei during the cell cycle was essentially the same as in the case of hydroxyurea synchronization. The activity of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in isolated nuclei after treatment with thymidine in vivo increased with the treatment time. The time-dependent increase was also evident in the case of nicotinamide treatment. Little increase in the activity was observed in hydroxyurea and amethopterin treatment. When poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase was extracted from the nuclei isolated from the cells which were pretreated with each of the four compounds, there was no significant difference in the amount among these compounds. The reason for the increase in the poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation in vitro by the in vivo treatment with thymidine is discussed.

Cell Nucleus↗
PubMed1979

Lissencephaly (agyria) on computed tomography.

Unusual computed tomographic findings were observed in two infants with similar clinical pictures including delay in developmental milestones, seizures, decerebrated posture, and microcephaly. Computed tomography revealed small brain with widened subarachnoid space, smooth surface of the brain, uniformly enlarged ventricles, wide sylvian cisterns, and lack of insular opercularization. These findings coincide with pathologic features of lissencephaly (agyria), a rare congenital anomaly of the brain due to interruption of neuronal migration.

Brain↗
PubMed1979

Estrogen receptor in the thymus of the castrated mice.

Sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation and dextran-coated charcoal adsorption permitted us to characterize the estrogen-binding proteins in cytosols obtained from the thymus, spleen and mesenteric lymph node of the castrated male and female mice of C57BL strain. The thymic cytosol from both sexes incubated with 3H-estradiol-17 beta in the presence of excess unlabeled steroids showed a specific estrogenbinding 4 S protein with its binding capacity of 10(-14) moles/mg protein for males and 4 x 10(-15) moles/mg protein for females, respectively. The dissociation constant was of 4 x 10(-10) M for males and 3 x 10(-10) M for females, respectively. No specific binding was, however, found in the cytosols of the spleen and mesenteric lymph node. Steroid analysis by thin-layer chromatography of the thymic cytosols after incubation of them with 3H-estradiol-17 beta showed that a fair amount (around 60%) of radioactivity was from the undegradated radioactive steroid still bound to 4 S binder in both sexes. Enzyme study and heat experiment revealed that the estrogen specific 4 S binding component in the thymic cytosols bears at least protein in nature and is of heat-labile nature. These results strongly suggest that the thymus of the castrated mice contain a specific estrogen receptor, the nature of which is in part protein and heat-labile.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Progestin binding in vitro by the brain cell nuclei of ovariectomized oestrogen-primed rats.

The uptake and binding of 17 alpha, 21-dimethyl-19-nor-4,9-pregnadiene-3,20-dione, a synthetic progestin, by the hypothalamus and cerebral cortex of ovariectomized oestrogen-primed rats was examined in vitro. Uptake of this steroid by the medial basal hypothalamus was higher than that by the remaining hypothalamus and cerebral cortex. The component in the cytosol from whole hypothalami which bound the radioactive progestin sedimented in the 7S region when centrifuged in a sucrose density gradient. The tritiated progestin was displaced by incubation with non-radioactive progestin or progesterone but not by oestradiol-17 beta, corticosterone or 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone (1 mumol/l). No 7S binding component was detected in a similar preparation from the cerebral cortex. The nuclear fraction from whole hypothalami extracted by KCl (0.4 mol/l) contained a progestin-binding complex which sedimented at 9S and which was heat-labile and protein in nature. It was concluded that the hypothalamus of ovariectomized oestrogen-primed rats contains progestin-binding material in the cytoplasm and progestin, bound to such material, is transported from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Computed tomography in tuberous sclerosis--with special reference to relation between clinical manifestations and CT findings.

Concerning the clinical signs and symptoms, we noticed skin white macula in 87%, adenoma sebaceum in 53%, mental retardation in 75%, retinal phacoma in 54% and seizure in 92%. Numbers of nodules ranged from zero to 11, and showed no correlation with aging. Half of the cases showed slight ventricular dilatation, one quarter showed moderate dilatation and the remainder were normal. There was no definite correspondence between size of the ventricle and number of nodules. There were relatively many cases with normal mental state in the group with normal ventricles. In adult cases a large ventricle does not always mean poor prognosis in mental state. Almost all of the cases with cortical atrophy had mental retardation. In the group with moderate dilatation infantile spasms were the most frequent type of seizure. On the contrary, grand mal was most frequent in the normal group. As for the position of nodules there was no difference between the normal and dilated groups. Nodules were predominantly seen in the lateral aspect of the body, trigone of the lateral ventricle and adjacent to the foramen of Monro. Asymmetrical lateral ventricles were noticed in 18%. Incidence of laterality increased as dilatation proceeded. It was larger on the left side in 9 out of 11 cases. We have no reasonable explanation of this tendency. There was one case with a tumor which was verified by enhanced CT. There were five cases with brain anomalies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Computed tomography in crossed aphasia (author's transl)].

Crossed aphasia, first described by Bramwell, is aphasia due to the hemispheric damage on the side of handedness. Crossed aphasia in a dextral is rare, and in Japan, there have not been more than ten cases in which the lesion is localized clearly. The cases reported till now have been verified mainly by necropsy. However, the time lag between the appearance of aphasia and the necropsy may affect the conclusion subtly. We consider that computed tomography (CT) can obtain almost the same findings as that by necropsy. However, at present there have been few cases diagnosed by CT except two cases reported by April et al. and Wechsler. We have reported a 47-year-old man in a dextral, who shows left hemiparesis and Broca's aphasia. His lesion is diagnosed by cerebral angiography and CT as the right hemisphere infarction due to right middle cerebral artery occlusion. CT localizes the lesion on the right hemisphere mainly sited deep region and sited wedge shaped cortical area of the fronto-parietal region. On the other hand, it localizes no lesion on the left hemisphere. CT in aphasia has been already reported by Hayward et al. In their report they concluded that correlation of lesion located by CT with aphasia type supported Geschwind's concept of aphasia. In this report we have discussed CT in crossed aphasia analysing our case and the two cases by April et al. and Wechsler. Three cases including our case are all Broca's aphasia, and we compare the lesion location of these three cases with Hayward's lesion located on Broca's aphasia. As the result of this, we can draw the conclusion that the lesion location by CT of these three cases and that of Hayward's report are almost symmetric.

Aphasia↗
PubMed1979

Variation of two forms of DNA polymerase-alpha during a HeLa cell cycle.

HeLa cells contain two forms of DNA polymerase-alpha (P-I and P-II) with varied affinity to DNA, separable on a DNA-cellulose column. The activity of each form was followed during a cell cycle of synchronized culture of the HeLa cells. P-I was recovered from the nuclear extract and P-II from the cytoplasmic fraction. The P-I activity remained at a low level during M to G1 phase until a marked increase between late G1 and S phases, while P-II activity increased gradually throughout the period. Both activities attained their highest level at mid-S phase and then the P-I activity declined more rapidly than the P-II. Addition of hydroxyurea at mid-S phase inhibited the decrease of both enzyme activities. The enzyme activity of nuclear extract from S phase cells was not inhibited by mixing with extract from M phase cells. When the cytoplasmic fraction from M phase cells was chromatographed on a DNA-cellulose column, single activity peak was observed at the position of P-II. These results suggest that the decrease in P-I activity is neither due to the presence of an inhibitor nor to mere release of the enzyme from chromosomes.

Cell Cycle↗