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Biomedical subjects

T Endo

Publications and source records attributed to T Endo.

At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Carbohydrate structures of human interleukin 5 expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

The asparagine-linked sugar chains of recombinant human interleukin 5 produced by Chinese hamster ovary cells were released quantitatively as oligosaccharides by hydrazinolysis. After N-acetylation followed by NaB3H4 reduction, each oligosaccharide was isolated by paper electrophoresis and serial lectin column chromatography. Study of their structures by sequential exoglycosidase digestion in combination with methylation analysis, revealed that they are bi-, tri-, and tetraantennary complex-type with fucosylated and non-fucosylated trimannosyl cores and high mannose type sugar chains. More than 80% of the sugar chains occur as biantennary complex-type sugar chains. Although acidic oligosaccharides amount to only 14% of the total oligosaccharides, their sialic acid residues occur exclusively as the Sia alpha 2----3Gal group. Removal of the sugar moiety from intact recombinant human interleukin 5 produced a 2.5-fold increase of its activity to induce IgM secretion.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Subcutaneous pedicle hypothenar island flap.

The status of the blood supply to the hypothenar skin was investigated by anatomical and radiological studies. The investigation revealed that the hypothenar skin receives a rich blood supply from the arterial network by branches from the palmar ulnar artery of the little finger and the hypothenar branches. By making use of this abundance of vascular networking, a subcutaneous pedicle flap was obtained from this site. This method was clinically applied to 7 patients, and the procedures and advantages of the method are described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Reduction in myocardial hemorrhage and the extent of necrosis by gallopamil (D600) in dogs with coronary artery reperfusion.

To determine whether gallopamil (D600), a methoxy derivative of verapamil, administered immediately before coronary artery reperfusion reduces the extent of myocardial hemorrhage and necrosis, the left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded for 3 h and reperfused for 3 h in anesthetized, open-chest dogs. To quantify the extent of the hypoperfused zone (HZ), 99mTc-labeled albumin microspheres were injected into the left atrium 1 min after occlusion. Five minutes before reperfusion, dogs were randomly assigned to a control group or a gallopamil-treated group that immediately after assignment received 0.08 mg/kg gallopamil followed by a continuous infusion of 0.2 mg/kg/h for 3 h. Three hours after reperfusion, the left ventricle was cut into slices for triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining and autoradiography. There were no differences in the extent of the HZ between the two groups. Gallopamil significantly reduced the extent of myocardial necrosis from 81.3 +/- 4.2% (n = 8) of the HZ in the control to 46.1 +/- 13.1% (n = 9, p less than 0.05) in the treated group. The extent of gross hemorrhage was significantly smaller in the gallopamil-treated group (1.3 +/- 0.9% of the left ventricle or 3.1 +/- 1.8% of the HZ, p less than 0.01) as compared with the control group (6.2 +/- 1.4% of the left ventricle or 20.0 +/- 4.6% of the HZ). Thus, gallopamil administered immediately before coronary artery reperfusion limited infarct size and reduced the extent of myocardial hemorrhage.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Mechanisms of absorption of inorganic mercury from rat small intestine. IV: Effect of chelating agents and cysteine on absorption of mercuric chloride in situ and in vitro.

The effects of chelating agents (citric acid, tartaric acid, penicillamine and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) and cysteine on the absorption of HgCl2 were investigated in rats. Perfusion of the small intestine showed that the chelating agents and cysteine decreased the absorption of HgCl2 depending on their stability of constants with Hg2+, under the predominant conditions of water absorption and secretion. The difference in absorption of HgCl2 between both conditions was inversely correlated with their logarithmic stability constant values. These agents decreased the transport of HgCl2 through the everted intestinal wall and the uptake of HgCl2 by the intestinal brush border membrane in a similar manner. From these results, it is suggested that the chelating agents and cysteine decrease the absorption of HgCl2 through the pores of the brush border membrane due to the solvent drag effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Different effects of paraquat on microsomal lipid peroxidation in mouse brain, lung and liver.

Paraquat stimulates NADPH-Fe(2+)-dependent microsomal lipid peroxidation in mouse brain and strongly inhibits it in the liver. In lung microsomes, the lipid peroxidation was stimulated by paraquat at 10(-4) M, but not at higher doses. An antioxidant action of paraquat seemed to account, at least in part, for the lack of stimulation in lung microsomes, but it was inappropriate to explain the result in hepatic microsomes. There was no apparent correlation between the effects of paraquat on the lipid peroxidation and on the activity of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase, the enzyme which initiates redox cycling of paraquat, resulting in generation of active oxygen species. In fact, the effect of paraquat on the lipid peroxidation was independent of paraquat radical production, an intermediate in the cycle. However, the inhibitory potency of N-ethylmaleimide on NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase activity paralleled that on the lipid peroxidation stimulated by paraquat in brain and lung. These findings indicate that the effect of paraquat on microsomal lipid peroxidation differs among the organs and that other factors, besides NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase, might be involved in the stimulation of lipid peroxidation by paraquat.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Mechanism of paraquat-stimulated lipid peroxidation in mouse brain and pulmonary microsomes.

Paraquat-stimulated NADPH-dependent lipid peroxidation in mouse brain and pulmonary microsomes was inhibited by superoxide dismutase and singlet oxygen quenchers, but not by catalase or hydroxyl radical scavengers. MnCl2, which might form a salt with unsaturated lipid, inhibited the lipid peroxidation in brain microsomes, but not that in pulmonary microsomes. These findings suggest that activated oxygen species, especially superoxide and singlet oxygen, may play a major role in the stimulation of microsomal lipid peroxidation by paraquat in both brain and lung, and that the nature of the lipids exposed to peroxidative attack may be different in microsomes of the two organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Thyrotropin stimulates the expression of an acidic ribosomal protein, P0, messenger ribonucleic acid in cultured rat thyroid (FRTL) cells.

Acidic ribosomal proteins, P0, P1, and P2 in eukaryotic 60S subunits play an important role in polypeptide chain elongation during the translational step. To investigate the role of TSH in protein synthesis in the thyroid, we examined the effect of TSH on ribosomal P-protein biogenesis in FRTL cells. First, we investigated the influence of TSH on P0-protein gene expression. RNA slot blot hybridization revealed that the effect of TSH on P0-protein mRNA accumulation in the quiescent FRTL cells was time- and dose-related. This stimulatory effect of TSH was mimicked by (Bu)2cAMP. Nuclear run-off transcription assays revealed that TSH increased the transcriptional activity of the P0-protein mRNA without an increase in beta-actin transcriptional activity. On the contrary, the stability of P0-protein mRNA decreased after the addition of TSH. Cycloheximide markedly inhibited TSH-induced P0-protein mRNA accumulation in FRTL cells. Second, using a synthetic oligonucleotide probe, we have shown that TSH also increased P2-protein mRNA levels in FRTL cells. Furthermore, immunodetection of P-proteins using anti-P-protein antibody showed that TSH significantly increased the amount of P-proteins in the cells. These results suggest that TSH can increase the amount of acidic ribosomal P-proteins at least in part through an increase in the level of P-protein gene transcripts. This effect occurs via a transcriptional mechanism and requires ongoing protein synthesis. Thus, TSH might play an important role in ribosome biogenesis in FRTL cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Thyrotropin stimulates glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) gene expression in rat functional thyroid epithelial cells, FRTL.

We cloned a 1.2-kilobase cDNA (C17-16) from a transformed FRTL thyroid cell library. Northern blot analysis revealed that the size of the corresponding mRNA was 2.0 kilobases. C17-16 mRNA was found in all tissues investigated, but interestingly, its expression was 5- to 10-fold higher in the thyroid glands than in other tissues. Addition of TSH to FRTL cells showed a time- and dose-dependent increase in the steady state level of C17-16 mRNA, and the effect was mimicked by (Bu)2cAMP. An in vitro nuclear run-off assay demonstrated that the stimulatory effect was due to an increase in the transcription rate of the C17-16 gene. TSH had no effect on the half-life of the C17-16 mRNA. Transcriptional induction of the C17-16 gene was inhibited when the cells were treated with cycloheximide. Nucleotide sequencing revealed that C17-16 was identical to the cDNA of rat glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), a member of the heat shock protein family. These results suggest that the expression of GRP78 in thyroid cells is regulated by TSH via cAMP, for which cycloheximide-sensitive protein synthesis might be required, and that more GRP78 might be needed to assist in the synthesis and transport of glycoprotein molecules in TSH-stimulated cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Regional myocardial blood flow measurement with radioactive microspheres in dogs with myocardial ischemia].

In order to evaluate the radioactive microsphere technique used in our laboratory for measuring regional myocardial blood flow (RMBF) in dogs with myocardial ischemia, simultaneous blood flow measurements with three different nuclide (141Ce, 51Cr or 113Sn)-labeled microspheres were performed after coronary artery occlusion. There were excellent correlations between all paired RMBF values in 80 samples. The linear regression lines were expressed as: 51Cr = 1.09x 141Ce-0.02 (r = 0.996, SEE = 0.06); 113Sn = 0.99x 141Ce + 0.01 (r = 0.997, SEE = 0.05); 113Sn = 0.90x 51Cr + 0.03 (r = 0.991, SEE = 0.08). The duplicate variability ranged from 5.5 +/- 0.7 to 9.9 +/- 1.1%. When RMBF was measured before and after intravenous administration of nipradilol (0.2 mg/kg), a new beta-blocker, in a dog with myocardial ischemia, RMBF fell in the normal zone (23.6 +/- 1.6%), and did not change in the severely ischemic zone. Thus, this study demonstrated that RMBF can be measured accurately and repeatedly with radioactive microspheres in dogs with regional myocardial ischemia.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1991

Bombesin and bradykinin increase inositol phosphates and cytosolic free Ca2+, and stimulate DNA synthesis in human endometrial stromal cells.

The present studies were carried out to investigate the effect of several growth factors on human endometrial stromal cells. In human endometrial stromal cells, bombesin and bradykinin provoked an increase in intracellular free Ca2+ and in labelled inositol phosphates when pre-incubated with [3H]myoinositol. Some or possibly all of the initial increase in intracellular free Ca2+ represented a mobilization of Ca2+ from intracellular stores and the second phase of the response depended on Ca2+ influx from the extracellular medium. [3H]Thymidine was added to human cultured endometrial stromal cells with bombesin, bradykinin, epidermal growth factor (EGF), prostaglandin F2 alpha, vasopressin and platelet-derived growth factor. Bombesin, bradykinin and EGF stimulated the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA in quiescent cells. In conclusion, bombesin and bradykinin are growth factors which activate phospholipase C in human endometrial stromal cells, while EGF stimulates DNA synthesis without the activation of phospholipase C.

Bombesin↗
PubMed1991

[Discrepancy between the serum levels of gamma seminoprotein and prostate-specific antigen in patients with prostatic neoplasms. Both true or either untrue].

Serum levels of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were determined simultaneously in 57 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and in 50 untreated patients with prostatic cancer (adenocarcinoma, N = 47 and non-adenocarcinoma, N = 3). The correlations between the serum levels of gamma-Sm and PSA in these patients were assessed by linear regression analysis. Some fundamental studies were added for explaining the causes of discrepancy between the serum levels of gamma-Sm and PSA. All of BPH group underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and the sera were obtained for measurements before, immediately after and 18 hours after TURP. The gamma-Sm correlated well with the PSA in the sera obtained before (r = 0.76) and 18 hours after (r = 0.73) TURP. However, there was no correlation (r = 0.26) between them in the sera obtained immediately after TURP. In 47 untreated patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate, no significant correlation (r = 0.19) between serum levels of gamma-Sm and PSA was observed, although there was correlation (r = 0.51) between those of PAP and PSA. When these patients were classified into two groups, M0 (stage A-C; N = 26) and M1 (stage D; N = 21), however, the serum gamma-Sm correlated with the serum PSA in M0 group (r = 0.57), but didn't in M1 group (r = 0.11). Furthermore, the differences in the means of PAP (p less than 0.05) and PSA (p less than 0.001) between M0 group and M1 group were statistically significant, although the serum gamma-Sm failed to distinguish M0 from M1. The anti-PSA antibody of "PSA Kit" reacted against the standard gamma-Sm adopted from "gamma-Sm Kit". Surprisingly, the anti-gamma-Sm antibody of "gamma-Sm Kit" also reacted against the standard PSA adopted from "PSA Kit". The gamma-Sm and PSA apparently cross-reacted each other. The quantitative analyses with serial dilution of the sera were done by using each assay in 3 patients whose serum levels of gamma-Sm were markedly different from those of PSA. The dilution curve for PAP appeared to be rectilineal, and that for PSA also appeared to be approximately rectilineal. However, the gamma-Sm assay failed to be proportional. In conclusion, the correlation between serum levels of gamma-Sm and PSA was absent in certain circumstances, when the true values of them were expected to be much higher than those determined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

[A case of retrovesical embryonal cell carcinoma].

We report a case of an extragonadal germ cell tumor in the retrovesical region. The patient complained of a perineal and micturition pain. Urethrography, CT and MRI showed a retrovesical tumor protruding into the bladder. Alfa-fetoprotein was increased to 12,170 ng/ml. Bilateral testes did not contain any palpable mass by careful palpation. No tumor was detected by ultrasonography, either. Clinically, he was diagnosed as having a retrovesical extragonadal germ cell tumor associated with paraaortic lymph-nodes and bilateral pulmonary metastases. Although he was treated by combination chemotherapy (PVB and VAB-6 regimen) and irradiation, he died of carcinomatosis about 6 months after the admission. There was no evidence of tumor in bilateral testes on autopsy. This case was a second case of extragonadal germ cell tumor originating from the retrovesical lesion in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Detection of the new tumor marker MUSE 11 antigen in sera of pancreatic cancer patients: a comparison with sialyl SSEA-I antigen].

Using sera from patients with pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis, we measured the level of the adenocarcinoma-associated antigen MUSE 11. A comparative study between levels of MUSE 11 and levels of sialyl SSEA-1 antigen (SLX) was also carried out. With respect to the MUSE 11 antigen, positive incidence was found in 17 out of 26 pancreatic cancer patients (65%), and in 1 out of 13 chronic pancreatitis patients (8%). Similar results were obtained from the assay of SLX levels. However, no correlation was found between the two markers. Out of 9 samples which showed MUSE 11 negative, three were positive for SLX. Out of 13 samples showing SLX negative, seven were positive for MUSE 11. Twenty out of 26 (77%) cases showed positive results for either antigen. These data suggest that the MUSE 11 antigen may be useful for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Clinico-pathological studies on the effects of preoperative hyperthermo-chemoradiotherapy of advanced esophageal carcinoma].

We report clinico-pathological studies on the effect of preoperative hyperthermia and chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy (HCR) for progress of the local curability of advanced esophageal carcinoma. The subjects of these studies were 17 patients who underwent subtotal esophagectomy after preoperative irradiation 40 Gy from 1980 to 1989, of which 8 patients had HCR, 6 patients irradiation only (R), 3 patients both irradiation and chemotherapy (CR). The clinical response rate of the patients with R or CR was 33% (PR 3, MR 3, NC 3), and the histological effective (Ef3 or Ef2) rate was 56% (Ef3 1, Ef2 4, Ef1 4). The clinical response rate of the patients with HCR was 88% (PR 7, MR 1), and the histological effective rate was 100% (Ef3 1 Ef2 7). HCR was more effective than R or CR for the local lesion of esophageal carcinoma histopathologically (p less than 0.05). However, the survival rate of patients with HCR was similar to R and CR, respectively. These results suggest that further improvement of the heating methods and the methods of combining hyperthermia with irradiation and chemotherapy is needed.

Adult↗