Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

T Deitmer

Publications and source records attributed to T Deitmer.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Characteristics of the relative humidity and temperature in the inspiratory part of the Dräger circle system and their influence on the function of the ciliary epithelium].

Changes in relative humidity and temperature of the anaesthetic gases were measured in the inspiratory limb of the Dräger circle system next to the carbon dioxide absorber in 29 patients requiring ENT surgery under general anaesthesia. Immediately following intubation and prior to extubation, nasal and tracheal cytologic samples were taken with a brush technique and ciliary beat frequency was determined. At a fresh gas flow of 6 l/min, relative humidity increased from 57.6 +/- 1.5 to 62.5 +/- 1.8% (p less than 0.05) after 110 minutes. Temperature increased continuously from 21.96 +/- 0.97 degrees C to 23.83 +/- 0.48 degrees C after 200 minutes. The number of vital ciliated cells in the tracheal samples decreased from 24.4% following induction of anaesthesia to 6% at the end of anaesthesia (p less than 0.05), and from 35.7% to 26.8% (p less than 0.05) in the nasal samples. Ciliary beat frequency remained unchanged at the end of anaesthesia as compared to control in tracheal as well as in nasal samples. It is concluded that the output of relative humidity and temperature in the circle system is not sufficient to prevent broncho-epithelial damage. Ciliary beat automaticity appears to behave according to an all or nothing principle.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Reactions of the ciliated epithelium of the respiratory tract to intubation anesthesia].

During insufflation anaesthesia the ciliary beat frequency of the ciliated cells of the trachea and the nasal cavity was assessed via vital cytological sampling from these sites before and after anaesthesia. The percentage of vital and dead ciliated cells as well as the percentage of squamous cells was counted in a chamber.-It was found that the ciliary beat frequency did not change significantly, whereas the number of vital ciliated cells in the tracheal samples was significantly reduced and the vitality of the epithelia in the nose showed a minor change. It must be presumed that the observed noxious effects on the tracheal epithelium are due to inhaled gases, since the temperature and humidity in the ventilation circuit are within a range known not to violate the ciliary epithelium. Apart from that, the intubation itself might produce reflexes in the mucosal layer.

Anesthesia, Endotracheal↗
PubMed1989

[Synovial sarcomas of the neck].

The synovial sarcoma is a mesenchymal tumour that is very rare in the head and neck region. This is a report on two cases. In a 30-year old patient the tumour arose near the thyroid gland and the hypopharynx. He died in spite of surgical removal, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, one year after the first symptoms. An 8-year old boy was affected by a synovial sarcoma near the hyoid bone and is without recurrence after surgical removal, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Subsequently, the main diagnostic characteristics of these tumours are discussed. A better prognosis of the tumours associated with the hyoid bone is a remarkable fact.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Is inhalation therapy noxious to the ciliated nasal epithelium?

It is well known from in vitro studies that the functional state of the ciliary epithelium is temperature-dependent. The ciliary beat is irreversibly arrested above about 40-45 degrees C. We exposed 30 volunteers to inhalation therapy with hot moist vapour of about 50 degrees C. The functional state of the nasal mucosa was assessed by counting ciliary beat frequency and the percentage of dead and vital ciliated cells from a vital cytological sampling of the nose before and after treatment. The percentage of vital cells was the same whereas the ciliary beat frequency rose significantly. It is discussed that in the mucosal layer temperatures are not as high as in the inhaled vapour due to the air-conditioning capacity of the nose.

Cilia↗
PubMed1989

[Tumors of the inner nose and paranasal sinuses due to asbestos exposure?].

Regarding the high carcinogenic potential of asbestos fibres and the mostly inhalative exposition, the question is investigated whether tumors of the inner nose and the paranasal sinuses can be induced by asbestos. Literature contains no communications on this subject. Three cases of tumors of the inner nose and the paranasal sinuses are presented which are connected with an exposition to asbestos. These cases cannot be recognized according to jurisdiction and the valid Ordinance on Occupational Diseases, because the correlations are not scientifically proved in a sufficient manner. Attention shall be drawn on this problem in order to realize possible further cases.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

Physiology and pathology of the mucociliary system. Special regards to mucociliary transport in malignant lesions of the human larynx.

After a short historical introduction, the current state of knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the mucociliary system is reviewed. Description and discussion of the clinical and experimental methods of investigation and measurement of the mucociliary transport and of the ciliary activity then follow. Light and electron microscopy are also considered. Next, the pathology, pathophysiology and pharmacology of the mucociliary system are reported. The introduction ends with the consideration of specific diseases related to the mucociliary system, such as the immotile cilia syndrome. The main interest of this investigation is directed to changes in the ciliary epithelium in laryngeal malignancies. Therefore the literature relevant to physiology is critically evaluated. Pilot studies of the method used for investigating the physiology of the ciliary epithelium were mainly undertaken on the more accessible nasal mucosa as a model for ciliary epithelium. The use of the saccharin test for demonstration of nasal mucociliary transport is thoroughly assessed and the suitability of a new, improved, marking substance was tested. The quantification of cell types for cytological assessment of nasal smears under the phase contrast microscope was appraised. The method of determination of ciliary frequency by microphotometry was evaluated critically by a series of experiments. The author's electron microscopic findings on ciliary epithelium taken from human larynges affected with cancer are also discussed. After these pilot studies the method of the saccharin test and the cytological smear appeared to be unsuitable for oncological investigations. Therefore, mucociliary transport in the subglottic space of 75 human larynges excised for malignancy was investigated by the development of a suitable method. This method demonstrated abnormal mucociliary transport pathways. Investigations of the normal pathway of mucociliary transport in the larynx were obtained in animal experiments and by endoscopic investigations in man.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Effect of warm air inhalation on the nasal ciliated epithelium].

It is known from in-vitro-studies, that temperatures exceeding 45 degrees C can damage the function and structure of the nasal cilia irreversibly. We tested 30 healthy volunteers by inhalation therapy, exposed to moist vapor over a 10 min period. The ciliary function was assessed by vital cytological sampling, and included measurement of ciliary beat frequency. The beat frequency increased during inhalation therapy, but the number of viable ciliated cells did not change significantly. Thus warm air inhalation therapy does not damage the nasal ciliated epithelium, probably due to the air conditioning capacity of the nose.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Chemotherapy in head and neck cancer with bleomycin, cisplatinum, and methotrexate.

Results of chemotherapy in head and neck cancers are reported with a regimen of cisplatinum, bleomycin and methotrexate. In 63 previously untreated patients, the overall response rate was 73%, including 13/63 CR and 33/63 PR. The response rate in 20 previously treated tumors was 20%. The chemotherapy protocol was well tolerated without severe complications. Initial chemotherapy as a third modality in addition to radiotherapy and/or surgery is discussed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

[Findings, treatment and course of frontobasal fractures].

This is a report on the preoperative and postoperative findings of 120 patients with frontobasal fractures. The majority of 62 defects of the dura were treated with lyophilised dura and fibrin glue. The course was controlled by means of a questionnaire. Thus the technique of repairing the lesions as well as the often performed osteosynthesis of the frontal sinus with wire or plates proved to be effective.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1988

[Role of radiotherapy in esthesioneuroblastoma].

A case report on a locally advanced inoperable esthesioneuroblastoma in a patient of 65 years of age is presented. Chemotherapy (CYVADIC) resulted in a slight reduction of tumour mass and was followed by rapid tumour regrowth. By megavoltage radiotherapy (65 Gy) with shrinking field technique a clinically complete remission was achieved. The role of radiotherapy in long-term local tumour control in combination with surgery is discussed, taking into account the few date reported in literature. Depending on the tumour stage at diagnosis, a graduated strategy combining surgery and radiotherapy is recommended as the treatment of choice. The value of adjuvant chemotherapy has not yet been clearly established, not even in locally progressing or advanced stages of tumours or in metastasizing tumours.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Viscoelasticity of tracheobronchial secretions in high-frequency ventilation.

The effects of high-frequency ventilation (HFV) on the rheological properties of tracheobronchial secretions were investigated in vitro. The mucus was obtained by suction from 16 patients after major surgery of the larynx or hypopharynx. After short centrifugation, the mucus was treated with high-frequency vibrations of 3 or 30 Hz for 10 min in a chamber saturated with water vapor. The mucus was separated by a nonpermeable membrane from the ventilator's gas stream. Maximal, minimal, and mean viscosity were determined by a modified capillary viscosimeter. Under high-frequency vibrations, maximal, minimal, and mean viscosity slightly increased (p less than or equal to .001). Conversely, the mean viscosity of control samples did not change significantly. These findings indicate that high-frequency vibrations do not improve mucous rheology. Observed beneficial effects of HFV on mucociliary clearance may be caused by changes in the mucous subphase during HFV.

Bronchi↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical staging of malignant tumors of the head and neck region by the TNM system: contribution of modern imaging procedures].

Currently, the method of choice for evaluation of head and neck cancers is CT, because in many respects it is superior to the other imaging modalities except for MR. For parotid tumors, however, histological grading is of major importance. The staging of tumors of the hypopharynx and larynx can be done just as reliably by CT and microlaryngoscopy; the latter has the advantage of including biopsy. Ultrasound is of primary value in providing information on metastases to the cervical lymph nodes. If CT is used for staging of the primary tumor or planning radiation therapy, then it also can be utilized for the detection of lymphatic spread.

Diagnostic Imaging↗
PubMed1986

A method for standardizing cytologic sampling for the estimation of nasal ciliary activity.

A method for sampling cytological brushings of human nasal mucosa using phase-contrast microscopy is detailed and the modes for counting the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) are reviewed. To test the reproducibility of our method, we performed two sampling procedures on subsequent days on each of 19 volunteers and patients. The total volume of harvested cells, the number of beating ciliated cells, and the CBF were assessed. Since there are some differences present in subsequent cell samples, our findings indicate that it may be better to critically evaluate a single sampling procedure in order to establish a correct clinical diagnosis, especially if the number of harvested cells is small. The need to standardize methods for counting the CBF to achieve comparable results is stressed.

Cilia↗
PubMed1986

[Cytostatic primary therapy of squamous cell carcinoma of the oro- and hypopharynx with cisplatin, bleomycin and methotrexate].

This is a report on induction chemotherapy of 20 oropharyngeal and 20 hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas with cis-platinum, bleomycin, and methotrexate. The response rate, defined as a tumour regression of at least 50%, was 70% for the hypopharynx and 80% for the oropharynx. The lymph nodes responded in 50% of the cases. The toxicity was low. Induction chemotherapy is considered to be significant, but it must be stressed that surgery and/or radiation therapy must follow to sustain the initial success.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1986

[Does sex hormone balance modify the pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer?].

Although there are some pointers towards dependence of pathogenesis of laryngeal cancer on hormone metabolism, proof for this assumption is still missing. We studied hormone metabolism of 43 patients with laryngeal disease (testosterone, oestradiol, FSH, LH, prolactin). We subdivided the patients into two groups: 20 patients with squamous cell carcinoma and 23 patients with non-malignant diseases. No differences were seen between the two groups on statistical evaluation of the data. We could not prove any hormonal dependence, which might have had a therapeutical impact on the administration of antiandrogen drugs.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗