A rapid method for the analysis of creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes.
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Adenine Nucleotides↗
Biomedical subjects
T D Trainer
Publications and source records attributed to T D Trainer.
Reversible valproate fulminant hepatic failure.
Valproate fulminant hepatotoxicity, usually fatal, is believed to be idiosyncratic and metabolic without an immunologic basis. There are no previous reports of a hypersensitivity reaction among numerous cases of fatal valproate fulminant hepatitis. Little is known about the electron microscopical features of valproate hepatitis. We report a case of reversible fulminant hepatitis attributable to valproate with clinical and histological characteristics of a hypersensitivity reaction. Electron microscopical findings included microvesicular steatosis with normal-appearing mitochondria.
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury↗
Ultrastructural study of a pituitary adenoma (prolactinoma) within the clivus bone using immunoelectron microscopy.
In a case of a pituitary adenoma in the clivus bone in a 71-year-old man, ultrastructural investigation using conventional aldehyde-fixed, epoxy-embedded tissue revealed the tumor to be composed of cells with euchromatic nuclei, dense nucleoli, abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, spherical secretory granules, and granule extrusion at the lateral cell surface, all of which suggest a prolactin-producing adenoma. Using a protein A-gold immunolabeling technique on snap-frozen tissue subsequently fixed in a mild fixative and embedded in a hydrophilic resin, the presence of prolactin immunoreactivity within secretory granules at the ultrastructural level was demonstrated. This case represented the first use of protein A-gold immunolabeling at the electron microscopic level for diagnostic purposes at our institution and exemplifies the value of this technique when the need for diagnostic immunoelectron microscopy is not anticipated. Because this tumor arose in an unusual location, ultrastructural study, including immunoelectron microscopy, not only confirmed the light microscopic diagnosis of pituitary adenoma, but further allowed subclassification of the tumor.
Aged↗
Diagnostic immunoelectron microscopy in surgical pathology: assessment of various tissue fixation and processing protocols.
We have investigated various tissue fixation and embedding protocols in an effort to allow expanded use of immunoelectron microscopy in diagnostic surgical pathology. A sample of normal human small bowel mucosa was processed using seven different methods for subsequent postembedding localization of chromogranin A. In addition, several archival cases of neuroendocrine tumors previously fixed and routinely embedded for electron microscopy, stored in formalin, or snap-frozen were retrieved and variously processed for chromogranin A localization at the ultrastructural level. Precise localization of chromogranin A in dense core granules was achieved with protein A-gold on sections from all of the processing methods. The methods included retrieval into mild fixative of previously formalin-fixed or snap-frozen tissues followed by embedding in Lowicryl K4M (Polysciences Ltd., Eppelheim, Germany). Thus, tissue processed without foresight of the need for immunoelectron microscopic localization can be successfully used. Since embedding of tissues in Lowicryl K4M has been shown to preserve a variety of antigens, it may prove to be a superior resin for use in diagnostic immunoelectron microscopy.
Carcinoid Tumor↗
Development of the human fetal testis.
We describe the histological features of the fetal testis, utilizing 68 fetuses ranging in gestational age from 10 to 41 weeks. During fetal life, the tunica albuginea progressively increases in thickness, and between 29 and 32 weeks it develops two layers. Beyond 25 to 28 weeks, septa are invariably present. Tubules begin as straight structures and become maximally coiled by 30 weeks. Tubular diameter reaches its maximum by 16 weeks and remains constant throughout the rest of gestation. Germ cell and Sertoli cell numbers per tubular diameter have a wide range, but the median number for each cell type remains constant after 13 to 16 weeks. Leydig cells are most numerous between 17 and 19 weeks and decline thereafter. They are infrequent but still present at term. Interstitial lipochrome pigment accumulates during the latter half of gestation and may represent breakdown products from Leydig cell degeneration.
Embryonic and Fetal Development↗