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Biomedical subjects

T D Trainer

Publications and source records attributed to T D Trainer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

CAP survey of parathyroid hormone assays.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) analysis was recently added to the College of American Pathologists ligand assay survey. Synthetic whole-molecule PTH was used as the test hormone. This material was found to be stable in lyophilized serum for at least 10.7 days at 35 degrees C and 3.9 days at 45 degrees C. The survey results showed wide ranges of answers yielding within-assay coefficients of variation from 12% to 93%. The median percentage of the spiked hormone that was recovered by the various assay methods ranged from 24% to 390%. Separation of the spiked and endogenous measured PTH concentrations ranged from a twofold separation to an approximate 50% overlap of results. The survey may not be a valid indicator of PTH assay efficacy since whole-molecule human PTH may not be the most clinically important form of circulating PTH; however, the survey shows that there is a large heterogeneity in commercial PTH assays.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed1983

Thyroid function tests in thyroid and nonthyroid disease.

Modern day evaluation of thyroid disorders requires a combination of accurate clinical judgement and reliable, sensitive, and specific thyroid functions tests. Principle among the latter are thyroxine (T4) 3, 5, 3'-triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Also playing an important role in special situations are free thyroxine, an assessment of bound and unbound thyroid-binding globulin, TRH stimulation, long-acting thyroid stimulator (LATS), antibodies to thyroid hormone and to thyroid receptors. Basic to interpretation of these tests in the clinical setting is a comprehension of the relationship of the hypothalamus, the pituitary, and the thyroid gland as well as a knowledge of the peripheral metabolism of thyroxine and triiodothyronine. The role of each of these laboratory tests in the evaluation of hyper- and hypometabolic states, their alteration in nonthyroid and other endocrine disorders, and the effects of environmental and physiological factors on these tests are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Systemic amyloidosis involving two renal transplants.

Two patients with primary amyloidosis, each of whom had received a renal transplant for chronic renal failure, developed amyloid in their allografts. In one patient amyloid was present primarily in glomeruli and to a lesser extent in the interstitial tissue. This patient developed renal failure necessitating retransplantation. In the second patient amyloid was seen in the interstitium and interlobular blood vessels. Minimal amyloid was present in the glomeruli. This patient died of cardiac amyloidosis with good graft function at the time of death. Of the several patients recorded in the literature with amyloid in renal allografts, our first patient is the only one to exhibit glomerular amyloid and failure of the graft. Amyloid in areas other than the glomerulus does not appear to be incompatible with satisfactory graft function.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1981

Immunohistochemical demonstration of Toxoplasma gondii.

A peroxidase-antiperoxidase method that demonstrates both free and encysted toxoplasmata in routinely prepared histologic sections is described. This technic and ultrastructural study were employed to confirm the presence of Toxoplasma gondii in the infected tissues of an immunosuppressed patient who had postmortem examination. An immunohistochemical method may be an aid in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Atypical germ cells preceding metachronous bilateral testicular tumors.

This is the sixth reported case of metachronous testicular neoplasia in which a seminoma has preceded an embryonal carcinoma. Of particular note is the presence of atypical germ cells in the biopsy specimen of the gonad from which the embryonal carcinoma arose. There has developed recently an increasing awareness of germ cell atypia and carcinoma in situ. Pathologists examining testicular biopsies in the infertile patient should be alerted to this process.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Intervertebral chondrocalcinosis: A coincidental finding possibly related to previous surgery.

Chondrocalcinosis of the intervertebral discs is a common finding in patients who have had prior surgical procedures involving the same or adjacent disc space. The crystals in the tissues have the characteristic morphologic and spectrophotometric features of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate. None of the patients described herein had clinical or radiographic evidence of crystal accumulation in sites remote from the surgical procedure. We propose that the surgical trauma may have played a role in the induction of the crystal deposits.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Incipient germ cell tumor in a cryptorchid testis.

A 13-year-old male who had bilateral cryptorchid testes since birth underwent testicular biopsies and subsequent left orchiectomy following a diagnosis of malignant germ cell tumor. No tumor mass was noted although the malignant cells were seen within the seminiferous tubules and the interstitium. Five recorded cases of in-situ or incipient germ cell neoplasms of the testes are reviewed; three were infertile, another had a cryptorchid testis, and the fifth was both infertile and cryptorchid. Two of these patients have developed frank carcinoma, which would suggest that the process represents an early phase of invasive germ cell neoplasia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of an automated radioimmunoassay method and a competitive protein-binding method for evaluation of serum cortisol.

A competitive protein-binding method (CPB) for serum cortisol determination has been compared with a newly developed automated radioimmunoassay (RIA) technic with respect to reproducibility and correlation of patient results. The RIA method uses an immobilized anti-cortisol antibody covalently coupled to the inner surface of a plastic cartridge. A mixture of 3H-labeled and unlabeled cortisol is passed through the cartridge to achieve separation of free and bound cortisol. The bound cortisol is later eluted to regenerate the antibody for the next sample. The RIA procedure had a day-to-day coefficient of variation (CV) of 7% at three cortisol levels. The CPB method had a day-to-day CV of 10% at a concentration of 8 microgram/dl. A comparison of 67 patient samples showed no statistically significant difference between the methods. The regression equation was RIA = 0.96 CPB + 0.14 microgram/dl, with a correlation of 0.92.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1978

Diagnosis of pneumonia due to Pneumocystis by subsegmental pulmonary lavage via the fiberoptic bronchoscope.

To assess the accuracy of pulmonary lavage in diagnosing pneumonia due to Pneumocystis, we used animals as a model and then prospectively studied 33 immunosuppressed adults with diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. In rats treated with cortisone, Pneumocystis organisms could be found in the effluent from lavage as early as in sections of pulmonary tissue, and the effluent from lavage remained diagnostic throughout the ten weeks of observation. Subsegmental lavage in adult patients was performed through the wedged fiberoptic bronchoscope. Pneumocystis organisms were demonstrated in seven patients by lavage, and no false-negative results were recorded. Pneumocystis organisms were readily identified among the sheets of alveolar macrophages seen in smears of the effluent from lavage that were stained with methenamine silver. Subsegmental lavage via the fiberoptic bronchoscope is an accurate and safe technique for establishing the diagnosis of pneumonia due to Pneumocystis in patients whose respiratory embarrassment or thrombocytopenia makes biopsy of the lung hazardous.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Creatine phosphokinase isoenzymes: a comparison of a kinetic and electrophoretic method in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction.

A comparison has been made of the results of the levels of the MB isoenzyme of creatine phosphokinase by a kinetic and an electrophoretic method performed on patients suspected of having myocardial infarction. Reviewed in depth are those cases in which discrepant results have occurred. On the basis of the combined clinical and laboratory data, the kinetic method is a more sensitive but less specific indicator of myocardial necrosis. Thus, the kinetic method may be used as a screening test, with confirmation of positive results by electrophoresis.

Clinical Enzyme Tests↗