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Biomedical subjects

T Chujo

Publications and source records attributed to T Chujo.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Preventive effects of green tea against liver oxidative DNA damage and hepatotoxicity in rats treated with 2-nitropropane.

Male rats were given 2% green tea as their drinking water for 2 wk before a single ip injection of the carcinogen 2-nitropropane (2NP) (100 mg/kg body weight) and liver nuclear 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels and hepatotoxicity parameters were determined 6 or 15 hr thereafter. The increase of 8-OHdG adducts in liver nuclear DNA caused by 2NP was depressed 50% at both time points with the green tea pretreatment. The time-dependent elevations of serum aminotransferases and lactate dehydrogenase values by 2NP were also effectively prevented. However, green tea had no obvious effects on the falls in serum lipid peroxide and triglyceride levels associated with carcinogen exposure. Increases of hepatic lipid peroxide levels with 2NP were depressed 100 and 30%, at 6 and 15 hr, respectively, by green tea and the decrease in hepatic glycogen content at 6 hr was clearly alleviated. Histopathological examination revealed effective protection against induction of hepatic degenerative changes by 2NP at 15 hr. Drinking crude catechin extract solution with the same concentration of (-)epigallocatechin gallate as green tea provided protection at 6 hr, but with only half the effectiveness. These findings demonstrate that green tea can effectively block oxidative DNA damage to the liver as well as hepatotoxicity in rats treated with 2NP.

8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine↗
PubMed1995

Adult-onset Still's disease with submassive hepatic necrosis.

We present a 74-year old woman who was hospitalized because of typical spiking fever, evanescent rash, polyarthralgia, lymphadenopathy, and marked elevation of serum transaminases and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) due to adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) with submassive hepatic necrosis. All of the symptoms and abnormal laboratory findings were dramatically improved after treatment with prednisolone. The clinical course of this patient indicates that AOSD with severe hepatic necrosis can successfully be treated with early administration of corticosteroid, although it remains unknown whether the disease can remain in remission with no or minimal treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Origin of hematopoietic progenitor cells after bone marrow transplantation: analysis by means of a Y-chromosome specific DNA probe.

To characterize hematopoietic cells in mixed hematopoietic chimeras after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT), the authors examined the origin of progenies derived from hematopoietic progenitor cells of male recipients who received a marrow graft from female donors, by use of a Y-chromosome specific DNA (YDNA) probe in combination with an in vitro colony assay. Host-type hematopoietic cells were detected in cultured bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) from 4 out of 6 patients studied, who were all in complete remission. In 2 patients of the mixed chimeras, the relative amount of host-derived YDNA from BMMC increased after methylcellulose cultures for 14 days. Analysis of individual colonies derived from granulocyte-macrophage colony forming units (CFU-GM) from these mixed chimeras, including 2 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), revealed approximately 30% of total colonies were host-type, although no evidence for the existence of residual Ph1 positive cells was obtained by using polymerase chain reaction for detecting bcr-abl chimeric messenger RNA in the 2 CML patients. These findings provide direct evidence that considerable numbers of host-derived normal hematopoietic progenitors survive and persist for a long term in a certain population of marrow recipients, after BMT following supralethal radiochemotherapy.

Bone Marrow Transplantation↗
PubMed1990

Acute effects of anticonvulsants on brain-stem auditory evoked potentials in rats.

Acute effects of various anticonvulsants on brain-stem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) in rats were tested. A high dose of phenytoin abolished all BAEP waves. Carbamazepine increased all 4 wave latencies. Phenobarbital and clonazepam increased the latencies of waves IV and III. Therefore, if BAEPs are to be used as an ancillary test for brain death, the possibility of significant effects of high dosages of anticonvulsants on BAEPs must be considered.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed1989

[Mycotic liver and spleen abscesses successfully treated by intraportal and intrahepatosplenic arterial administration of antimycotic drugs in two cases with acute leukemia].

Case 1. A 34-year-old male was admitted in July, 1986 with a diagnosis of AML (M2). Two courses of BHAC-DMP regimen induced complete remission in October, while marked pyrexia resistant to antibiotics remained. An ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple liver and spleen abscesses suspected of mycotic etiology. Administration of amphotericin B (AMPH-B) by intravenous injection was difficult owing to its severe side effect. Multiple abscesses increased in the size and number despite treatment with Miconazole (MCZ) and Ketoconazole. Exploratory laparotomy was performed with splenectomy, and splenic specimens were found to contain Candida organisms. Soon AMPH-B was administered through a catheter inserted into the portal vein at the same time. A side effect by AMPH-B was tolerable and his fever resolved to normal in 2 weeks after institution of this therapy, and the sizes of abscesses were markedly reduced. The patient remained in remission through 23 months, free of fungal infection. Case 2. A 23-year-old female was admitted for relapse of ALL (L2), in April, 1987. Reinduction therapy with BHAC-L-AVP achieved again in May but fever unresponsive to antibiotics occurred. Since multiple liver-spleen abscesses were showed by US and CT suspected mycotic etiology, antimycotic therapy with Miconazole and AMPH-B was performed but clinical findings were deteriorated. AMPH-B was administered through a catheter inserted into the hepatic artery for two weeks, following into the splenic artery for a week. Splenic abscesses were resolved in a week and liver abscesses were markedly reduced at three weeks after initiation of intra-arterial antifungal treatment. Through the analysis of these case studies we confirmed the usefulness of intraportal and intrahepatosplenic arterial administration of AMPH-B.

Abscess↗
PubMed1989

Inhibition of human natural killer activity by antiserum against vitamin D-binding protein, a group-specific component (Gc).

An anti-Gc antiserum (anti-Gc) was prepared by immunizing rabbits with purified Gc, a major vitamin D-binding protein in human serum. Gc is expressed on the surfaces of a small proportion of resting T cells and almost all B cells are natural killer (NK) cells. We investigated the effects of anti-Gc on NK activity of normal peripheral blood lymphocytes. Both anti-Gc and purified IgG isolated from anti-Gc prominently inhibited human NK activity in vitro. Inhibition of anti-Gc was dependent on the concentration of the antiserum employed. Competition assay showed that purified Gc significantly blocked the inhibitory effect of anti-Gc. The inhibition of NK activity in the cells treated with anti-Gc was restored time-dependently by being cultured in anti-Gc free medium. Anti-Gc-treated NK cells retained their capacity to bind to target cells. These findings suggest that mGc is associated with the process of the NK cytolysis on the post-binding cytolytic phase.

Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic↗
PubMed1988

[Malignant melanoma in the anorectal region--a report of two cases].

Case 1. A 61-year-old male, suffering from an anorectal tumor with anal bleeding, underwent an abdominoperineal rectal amputation with an R3 lymphadenectomy. The tumor was a Stage I (H0, P0, N0, S0) malignant melanoma. Despite DAV (DTIC, ACNU, and VCR) therapy, liver metastasis was detected 1 year later and the patient died 1.5 years after the operation. Case 2. A 80-year-old female, complaining of bloody stool, was diagnosed to have an anorectal malignant melanoma. She was at Stage IV and underwent an abdominoperineal rectal amputation with an R3 lymphadenectomy. The tumor 4.5 X 2.7 X 1.2 cm in size, was diagnosed to be at Stage IV (pm, n2+). She is still alive 4 years later without having received sufficient chemotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Distribution of Gc protein (vitamin D binding protein) on the surfaces of normal human lymphocytes and leukemic lymphocytes.

Distribution of membrane-bound Gc protein (mGc) in normal lymphocyte subpopulations and leukemic lymphocytes was studied using a rabbit antiserum specific to Gc protein. Forty to fifty percent of the normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained with anti-Gc antiserum by membrane immunofluorescence, and almost all of the B cells (B1+) and NK cells (Leu 11+) were mGc-positive. Only a few resting T cells (T3+) reacted with anti-Gc, but mGc appeared in a significant number of the T cells after activation by PHA. The distribution of mGc on leukemic lymphocytes of various types nearly corresponded to that in normal lymphocyte subpopulations.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1986

Acute effects of phenytoin on brainstem auditory evoked potentials: clinical and experimental study.

In a patient with phenytoin (PHE) intoxication, the brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) were lost except for wave I and wave V. The patient recovered. In rats given PHE, we found changes in amplitude, morphology, and latency of BAEP. Within 5 minutes, all waves disappeared except for wave I, and soon thereafter all waves were lost, with PHE plasma concentration between 45.8 and 52.1 micrograms/ml or above. Ninety minutes after infusion, waves gradually reappeared. Loss of BAEP cannot be used as a criterion for brain death unless PHE intoxication is ruled out.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effects of hypoglycemic components in ginseng radix on blood insulin level in alloxan diabetic mice and on insulin release from perfused rat pancreas.

Some fractions extracted from ginseng radix (HAKUSAN) caused hypoglycemic effect on alloxan diabetic mice. The effect was abolished by the i.v. injection of antisera against bovine insulin. The same doses of the ginseng fraction (10--50 mg/kg) produced an increase in the blood insulin level in alloxan diabetic mice. Normal mice loaded i.p. with glucose (2 g/kg or more) showed also such an increase. Insulin release from perfused rat pancreases was stimulated by the ginseng fraction (0.2 mg/ml), but the potency was not stronger than that of the sulfonylureas. It was demonstrated that glucose-induced insulin release was marked in the presence of the ginseng fraction. Impaired insulin responses to glucose in alloxan diabetic rats were increased by the fraction (0.5 mg/ml) to or above the control responses in normal rats. The enhanced effect was observed also in the presence of 100 microgram/ml cycloheximide. These results indicate that some ginseng fractions stimulated insulin release, especially glucose-induced insulin release from pancreatic islets and thereby lowered the blood glucose level.

Animals↗