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T Chimura

Publications and source records attributed to T Chimura.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Clinical studies on flomoxef in the perinatal period infections].

We conducted clinical efficacy and safety tests of flomoxef (FMOX, 6315-S) in the perinatal infections and obtained the following results. 1. A total of 25 patients was treated: 16 patients with intrauterine infections, 2 patients with pelvioperitonitis, 4 patients with urinary tract infections and 3 patients with other infections. FMOX was injected at a daily dose of 2-4 g for 3-15 days (6-60 g for total dose) by intravenous drip infusion, intravenous injection or their combination. 2. The clinical efficacy rate was 96.0% of 25 patients: excellent in 4 cases (16.0%), good in 20 cases (80.0%) and poor in 1 case (4.0%). Bacteriological effects obtained were: eradicated in 14/16 cases (87.5%) replaced in 3 cases. 3. There were no subjective or objective side effects, nor were any abnormal laboratory test values attributable to the drug. From these findings, we consider that FMOX treatment appears to obtain good clinical and bacteriological responses and in safe in perinatal period infections.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[A therapy for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in obstetrics and gynecology].

Although it has been reported that the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections is extremely low in the obstetrics/gynecology setting, we recently had 5 patients with MRSA infections in the obstetrics/gynecology departments of 4 clinics in Yamagata Prefecture from September 1990 to February 1991. 1) Classified by disease, 4 of the patients had intrauterine infections (3 puerperal intrauterine infections and 1 intrauterine infection) and 1 had a postoperative wound infection. 2) Classified by treatment after the MRSA isolates had been determined, 2 of the patients were given imipenem/cilastatin alone (which turned out to be effective), 2 were given concomitant IPM/CS + quinolone agents (ofloxacin, tosufloxacin; effective) and 1 was given minocycline and OFLX. The principal lessons we learned from these cases are that attention should be paid to the occurrence of MRSA infection even in the obstetrics/gynecology field and that the method of selecting and administering antibiotics to prevent and treat such infections should be reconsidered.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical study of asymptomatic bacteriospermia].

Asymptomatic bacteriospermia was studied as an entity and its treatment was investigated in 65 subjects who clinically needed their semen tested. The obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. The rate of detection of bacteria in semen was 89.2%, and the rates of detection of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were 55.4% and 70.8%, respectively. Forty Gram-positive strains were identified among the aerobic bacteria; rates of detection for Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecalis were high, and 6 strains (9.2%) of Streptococcus agalactiae were also present. The rate of detection of Gram-negative bacteria was low; only 3 strains were identified. Among the anaerobic bacteria 90 Gram-positive strains were identified; the rate of detection of Peptostreptococcus (58 strains) was high, and only 11 strains of Gram-negative bacteria were present. 2. Among cefaclor (CCL), cephalexin, lomefloxacin, latamoxef and flomoxef (FMOX), FMOX was, in general, superior to the other drugs in terms of antibacterial activities against those strains isolated from semen. 3. Bacterial changes were observed in the semen specimens from 11 subjects who were subjected to oral administration of CCL (1,500 mg/days). After the treatment, 25 strains of bacteria disappeared but 7 strains remained among 32 strains that were present before treatment, and 23 strains appeared due to superinfection.

4-Quinolones↗
PubMed1990

[Influences of postoperative prophylaxis treatments on vaginal bacteria flora at hysterectomy].

We performed abdominal hysterectomy and administered aztreonam (AZT) for prophylaxis of postoperative infections, and investigated influences of the antibiotics on vaginal bacterial flora. The obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. Patients administered with AZT were studied (n = 48) for bacteria isolated from their vaginae preoperatively and at the 7th and the 14th days postoperatively. Groups of patients administered with cephalothin (CET), cefamandole (CMD) and latamoxef (LMOX) were also studied for comparison. 2. In the AZT group, the rate of isolation of aerobic Gram-positive bacteria was high (68.8-81.4%) whereas those of aerobic Gram-negative and anaerobic bacteria were low. 3. When changes in isolation frequencies of bacteria from the subjects preoperatively to postoperatively were compared, the following tendencies were observed: increase in the rate of aerobic Gram-positive bacteria was larger in the LMOX group than in the AZT group whereas decrease in the rate of aerobic Gram-negative bacteria was largest in the LMOX group followed by the AZT group then by the CMD group. Rates of decrease of anaerobic bacteria showed similar tendencies to the latter. Isolation rates of Candida sp. showed the largest increase in the LMOX group, followed by CET, CMD then AZT groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[A study of tissue transfer of cefmetazole in the blood and uterus in pregnant rabbits].

Analysis was made to determine concentrations of cefmetazole (CMZ) in maternal serum, and intrauterine tissues of myometrium, placenta, fetal membrane, amniotic fluid and fetal lung after one shot intravenous infusion of 100 mg of CMZ to rabbits with 25th day-pregnancy, and the following results were obtained. 1. Concentrations of CMZ in maternal serum, myometrium and placenta reached their maximum levels in 30 minutes after administration, then decreased rapidly. 2. The concentration of CMZ in the fetal membrane reached its maximum level in 30 to 60 minutes after the administration, then it decreased to a nearly constant level. 3. The concentration of CMZ in the amniotic fluid showed its maximum level in 30 minutes after administration, then decreased, but somewhat increased again thereafter. 4. The concentration of CMZ in the fetal lung was elevated gradually after administration, then decreased after reaching its maximum level at 90 minutes, after administration to a nearly constant level. It was deemed, however, that higher concentrations would be necessary to achieve therapeutic effects because attained concentrations were lower than those in other tissues.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1990

[Comparative study of the bacterial flora in both uterocervical and uterine regions].

The relationship between indigenous bacterial floras in the lower genitals and the uterocervical region is of importance due to a barrier-like role against ascending infections through the mechanism of the localized protection at a boundary of the uterocervical region. Therefore, bacterial flora in the uterocervical and uterine regions was studied in cases for which gynecological operations were performed (n = 77). 1. Ratios of incidences of the detection of bacteria on the uterocervical and in the uterine regions were 50/77 (64.9%) and 6/77 (7.8%), respectively. When different age groups are compared, the detection ratio from the uterocervical region was high among patients in the 40 s, and all the cases in which bacteria were detected from the uterine region were in the 40 s. 2. Gram-positive bacteria were detected at a high ratio, and anaerobic bacteria were noted in the uterocervical region, and ratios of detection of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Lactobacillus sp. and Propionibacterium acnes were high. Six strains of Gram-positive bacteria and 1 strain of Candida sp. were noted in the uterine region. 3. When cefmetazole (CMZ) was administered for the prevention of the infections after these panhysterectomy cases examined here, no postoperative infectious diseases nor adverse reactions were noted.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical studies on aztreonam in perinatal use].

Clinical effects of aztreonam (AZT), a monobactam antibiotic, on perinatal infections were studied with the following results: 1. Efficacy rate of AZT in the clinical application to 12 cases of perinatal infections via 2-4 g/day drip infusion (total dosage 8-24 g) was 91.7% (11/12). Breakdown of the effects according to diseases were "excellent" for mastitis (n = 3), pyelonephritis (n = 1) and urinary tract infection (n = 1), and "good" for a total of 6 cases, i.e., amnionitis (n = 2), amniotic fluid infections (n = 3) and external genital infection (n = 1). 2. Results of bacteriological studies were "eradicated" (n = 1), "replaced" (n = 4), "appeared" (n = 2) and "unknown" (n = 5). MIC values of AZT (10(6) cells/ml) were in a range of 25- greater than 100 micrograms/ml in 1 case of cervicitis (complicated with amnionitis) in the 13th week of pregnancy where AZT was found non-effective. 3. Neither subjective nor objective side effects nor abnormal clinical values were observed during the treatment with AZT.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

An experimental study on the effects of elastase, bleomycin and infection on the growth and tensile strength of elastic tissue in rabbit fetal membranes.

The effects of bleomycin, elastase and infection on the tensile strength of rabbit fetal membranes and the structure of the elastic tissue of rabbit amnion were studied. The experimental subjects were rabbits to which bleomycin (total dose, 20 mg) or elastase (total dose, 60 mg) was administered from 18 days of pregnancy. In addition to the fetal membranes from these treated animals, fetal membranes with amniotic infection induced by injection of Escherichia coli into the amniotic fluid (AF) of rabbits at 22 or 23 days of pregnancy were examined, and those from rabbits administered physiological saline solution were used as controls. The results obtained were as follows. Determination of tensile strength of the fetal membranes revealed that the infected membranes had minimum rupture pressure (18.67 +/- 6.30 mm Hg), followed by the elastase administration group (46.67 +/- 3.51 mm Hg). The value in the bleomycin administration group (99.67 +/- 12.89 mm Hg) was significantly higher than that in the control group (61.80 +/- 6.30 mm Hg). Histological changes in the fibroblast layer of these fetal membranes included elastic fibrosis due to excessive collagen production, which was mostly manifested as fibrosis densa, in the bleomycin administration group. In the elastase administration group, the elastic fibers were eliminated or became minute, as in the infection groups. The above results showed the adverse effects of elastase and bleomycin and the destructive effect of infection on the growth and properties of elastic tissue in the amnion, suggesting their pathophysiological importance.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Postoperative changes in amount of granulocyte-elastase, alpha 1-antitrypsin and other acute phase reactants in blood in obstetrical and gynecological patients].

Postoperative changes in acute phase reactants (APR) upon administration of latamoxef (LMOX) were studied in 43 patients who underwent laparotomy (total hysterectomy, cesarean section or resection of ovarian tumor). The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Postoperative changes in APR, i.e., amount of granulocyte-elastase, alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT), alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, haptoglobin and CRP, in the maternal blood were determined. These 5 markers increased and tended to decrease at 7 days and 14 days after surgery, respectively, in the total hysterectomy group. The vital defense response to surgical invasion and the reaction occurring during the process of recovery show that changes in level of granulocyte-elastase, alpha 1-AT and CRP immediately reflect the resulting inflammatory reaction. The changes in elastase and alpha 1-AT levels upon cesarean section showed a similar tendency, but levels of these markers were high as a whole during pregnancy and postpartum. 2. There were no postoperative complications or subjective or objective side effects of the LMOX treatment in any of the studied patients, suggesting that LMOX is useful for the prevention of postoperative infection.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical effects of cefodizime against infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology].

Clinical studies on cefodizime (CDZM) were performed in patients of obstetrics and gynecology. CDZM was given to patients via drip infusion at a daily dose of 2-4 g, and the results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. A total of 10 cases included 5 cases of intrauterine infections (3 cases of puerperal endometritis, 1 endometritis and 1 puerperal fever), 2 intrapelvic infections (1 pelvic dead space infection and 1 parametritis), and 3 Bartholin's abscess. Clinical efficacies were excellent in 3 cases, good in 6 and poor in 1. The efficacy rate was 90% (9/10). 2. Bacteriological efficacies were as follows: eradicated in 3 cases, replaced in 2, decreased in 1, persisted in 1 and unknown in 3. 3. Neither subjective and objective adverse reactions nor abnormal changes in laboratory test values were observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of prophylactically used latamoxef with tobramycin against postoperative infections on therapeutic drug monitoring and renal function in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Latamoxef (LMOX) and tobramycin (TOB) were administered to 50 patients via intravenous drip infusion to prevent postoperative infections in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. Blood levels of TOB were determined, and effects of the combined use of TOB and LMOX on renal functions were clinically studied. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Determination of blood levels of TOB after intravenous drip infusion of 90 mg TOB with 1 g LMOX revealed a peak at the end of drip infusion, and thereafter the levels decreased rapidly. The maximum level and the level upon commencement of the next administration were within the safe range. 2. Clinical laboratory test before and after surgery using markers of renal functions (BUN, creatinine, beta 2-MG and NAG) revealed a tendency for slight increases in BUN and NAG, but no significant differences were shown. 3. There were no abnormalities in other clinical laboratory parameters or any appearance of subjective or objective side effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of threatened premature labor due to subclinical intrauterine infection].

Recent reports reveal that some threatened premature labors (tpl) are caused by intrauterine infections. And the prognosis of tpl due to intrauterine infections are worse than tpl due to other factors because of lower sensitivity to the beta-stimulants. So we examined the relationship between tpl and intrauterine infections retrospectively by obtaining intracervical cultures of inpatients who suffered from tpl, and prospectively by getting intracervical cultures from healthy pregnant women at a gestational age around 20 weeks, and divided them into two groups--the infectious group and non-infectious group--and studied the tpl rate. The patients who had positive bacterial cervical cultures were again divided into two groups. One group had antibiotics administered orally and the other had none. The tpl rate was observed. The results are: 1. Thirty two point six percent of tpl inpatients were found to be infected intracervically. No statistical significance was noted in the microbodies detected. 2. Three cases of premature labor at less than 35 gestational weeks were observed in the infected group. 3. The majority of infected group showed high CRP levels, and the study of Preterm Labor Score (PLS) showed that most cases over 4 points of PLS were infected. 4. In a prospective study, 18 of 100 healthy pregnant women showed positive intracervical bacterial cultures. The tpl rates were 44.4% in all of the infected group. Twenty two point two percent of tpl rate in the antibiotic administration group and 66.7% in the non-administration group (p less than 0.01). And the non-infected tpl rate was 11.0% (p less than 0.01), or only 9 cases out of 82.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[Antibacterial activity of cervical mucus in pregnant or non-pregnant women].

Antibacterial activities of human cervical mucus obtained from non-pregnant and pregnant women were tested using standard blood agar plates. The combined effect of cervical mucus with cefmetazole (CMZ) was also investigated. Obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. Cervical mucus specimens obtained from 6 subjects at 9 to 36 weeks of pregnancy showed antibacterial activity to only one strain of Bacillus subtilis among organisms tested. The cervical mucus enhanced the activity of CMZ against 1 strain of Streptococcus pyogenes and 2 strains of Micrococcus luteus, but no effect was observed against other organisms tested. 2. Cervical mucus specimens obtained from non-pregnant women showed antibacterial activities to 8 of 11 strains (72.7%) of B. subtilis tested. The cervical mucus enhanced the activities of CMZ against 1 strain of S. pyogenes and 3 strains of B. subtilis. The tested organisms included Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacteroides fragilis, S. pyogenes, B. subtilis, M. luteus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Enterococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans, but, as described above, cervical mucus samples showed antimicrobial activities only against B. subtilis (9/17, 52.9%), and specimens obtained only from non-pregnant women or pregnant women with less than 11 weeks of pregnancy showed any antimicrobial activities.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1988

[Effects of cefotetan administration on acute phase reactants in patients in the field of obstetrics and gynecology].

Cefotetan (CTT) was administered to 97 patients of infections and laparotomies such as operation of abdominal cesarean section, abdominal hysterectomy and ovarian cancer section in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, and acute phase reactants (APR) in the patients were measured daily. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Values of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1-AG), haptoglobin (Hp) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured as the factors of APR before and after the operation. Values of alpha 1-AG in patients before the operation were 44.04-56.62 mg/dl, and rose to high values, 85.73-116.33 mg/dl, after the operation determined on 7th day and then declined to values of 69.40-99.93 mg/dl. Hp values showed similar tendency to those of alpha 1-AG values but they were usually higher than alpha 1-AG values. Although changes in values of CRP observed also were similar, they returned more rapidly to the level before the operation then other parameters. 2. CTT was clinically effective in all the cases examined. No side effects and no abnormal findings in laboratory examinations were observed. Based on the above results, the measurement of APR values after the operation appeared to be clinically useful to indicate degrees of recovery from the operation and the occurrence of multiple infections.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1988

[Antibacterial activity of human cervical mucus].

The antibacterial activity of human cervical mucus in non pregnant or pregnant women were investigated employing the standard blood agar plates. Antibacterial activity of lysozyme and combined effect of lysozyme with cefmetazole (CMZ) were also investigated. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Cervical mucus had an antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, but had no antibacterial activity to any other organisms tested. When cervical mucus was heated at 100 degrees C for 5 minutes, its antibacterial activity was lost. 2. Antibacterial activity of cervical mucus combined with CMZ were obtained against Streptococcus pyogenes only, and no effect was observed against other organisms. 3. Lysozyme had an antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, B. subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacteroides fragilis, but when combined with CMZ no antibacterial activity was observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the perinatal period. A study of imipenem/cilastatin sodium in the perinatal co-research group].

Pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on imipenem/cilastatin sodium (IPM/CS) in the perinatal period were carried out, and the results obtained are summarized below. 1. IPM/CS transfers to umbilical cord plasma and amniotic fluid were effective. Passage of IPM/CS into mother's milk was as little as with other beta-lactam antibiotics. 2. Among 81 patients with perinatal infections, clinical efficacies were excellent in 16 patients, good in 62, poor in 3, with an efficacy rate of 96.3%. In addition, IPM/CS was effective in 6 patients for prophylaxis. 3. Out of 82 isolates examined for bacterial responses, 69 isolates were eradicated and 8 isolates were decreased. Especially, of 13 isolates of Enterococcus faecalis, 12 were eradicated. 4. In 109 patients administered with IPM/CS, vomiting was observed in 1 patient. No abnormal laboratory test values were observed. 5. IPM/CS was an effective and safe new antibiotic in perinatal infections. We recommend a normal dose of IPM/CS of 0.5 g/0.5 g twice a day and a dose for severe infections of 1 g/1 g twice a day in the perinatal period.

Amniotic Fluid↗