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Biomedical subjects

T C Jones

Publications and source records attributed to T C Jones.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Banding patterns of the chromosomes of two new karyotypes of the owl monkey, Aotus, captured in Panama.

Two new chromosome complements of Aotus trivirgatus griseimembra are described making a total of five different karyotypes observed in this subspecies inhabiting Panama and the northwestern part of Colombia, South America. Detailed comparisons of the G-banded chromosomes of these five karyotypes suggest that the polymorphism of chromosome numbers 56 and 55 in Panamanian Aotus and 54, 53, and 52 in Colombian Aotus stems primarily from a Robertsonian translocation mechanism involving pairs B13 and B14 (or A1). A second Robertsonian translocation mechanism involving pairs B28 and B29 (or A2) constitutes the karyotypic differences between the two chromosomal races.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Proposed knobs-into-holes packing for several membrane proteins.

We investigated the possible side chain/side chain interactions of four potential transmembrane proteins. The basic assumptions are that the proteins are alpha-helical, and that the proteins aggregate with knobs-into-holes packing. It was found that these four proteins can be assembled into stereochemically feasible bundles of alpha-helices with hydrophobic exteriors and with hydrogen bonds between the side chains of one alpha-helix and the side chains of its knobs-into-holes packed neighbors.

Bacteriophages↗
PubMed1978

Giardiasis: association with homosexuality.

Giardiasis is a common gastrointestinal illness among travelers. Recently an increased prevalence of giardiasis in men who had not traveled outside New York City was seen at The New York Hospital and was found to be due to transmission of this disease among homosexuals. Cases of giardiasis for a 5-year period were then reviewed, and it was discovered that 19 male patients who had not traveled or had an immunodeficiency disease were homosexuals. This accounted for 22% of the adult men with giardiasis during that period. Adult women with giardiasis usually were either travelers or had an immunodeficiency disease (96%). It is important to obtain a sexual history in these patients and treat sexual contacts to prevent recurrent infection. Our findings are consistent with venereal transmission of giardiasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Allograft cytotoxicity co-operation between alloimmune T cells and macrophages.

T cells from the spleens of C57BL 10 (H-2b) mice 7-12 days after immunization with P815Y (H-2d) mastocytoma cells have been shown to co-operate synergistically with an adherent component of non-immune starch induced peritoneal cells in the cytostasis of target cells. Although significant values for synergy could be obtained using the (125I) UdR incorporation assay to measure cytostasis, normal peritoneal cells were incapable of co-operating with T cells in cytolysis as measured by 51Cr release from pre-labelled target cells. Initially, the synergistic interaction was immunologically specific, but non-specific activity could be induced by challenge with specific antigen.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Cestodes.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cestoda↗
PubMed1977

Amebiasis. An increasing problem among homosexuals in New York City.

During a five-year period at The New York Hospital, Entamoeba histolytica was identified in the stools of 20 men who had not traveled outside the New York area. All of the patients were found subsequently to homosexual. During this same period amebiasis was diagnosed in 30 men who had traveled; only two were homosexual. Of ten patients with E histolytica infection seen during the first year of this study, none were homosexual whereas eight of 11 patients in the fifth year were homosexual, suggesting a gradual increase during this period of this disease in the homosexual community.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Typhus fever: report of an epidemic in New York City in 1847.

An epidemic of thyphus fever in New York City in 1847 that was associated with massive immigrations from Ireland is described by review of the records of 138 cases admitted to The New York Hospital during a seven-week period. Medical understanding of epidemic diseases, of typhus, and of therapeutics is examined. Most patients (80%) acquired the disease during passage, but 20% of the cases resulted from secondary spread in New York. The illness was characterized by high fever, headache, myalgias, and loss of appetite. Complications, most commonly central nervous system dysfunction and secondary bacterial infections, occurred in 29% of the cases. The mortality rate was 11%. Therapy was directed at cleansing the bowel and diaphoresis. Bleeding was not employed. In spite of mistaken concepts about epidemic diseases, measures were employed that controlled spread of the disease.

Disease Outbreaks↗
PubMed1977

Allograft cytotoxicity. Two populations of effector cell detectable by cytolytic and cytostatic assays in vitro.

Using both the 51Cr-release assay to measure cytolysis and the [125I]UdR incorporation assay to detect cytostasis of target cells, two different effector populations have been identified in C57BL10 mice primed to P815Y cells. As expected, the cytolytic cells were T cells possessing a specific surface receptor. After elimination of T cells with specific antisera and complement the cytostatic effector was found to be an adherent cell which lacked an immunologically specific receptor, and exerted significant activity against the C57BL lymphoma, EL4.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Attachment and ingestion of mycoplasmas by mouse macrophages. I. Kinetics of the interaction and effects on phagocyte glucose metabolism.

Rates of attachment and ingestion of Mycoplasma pulmonis by mouse peritoneal macrophages and the effect of the organism on phagocyte glucose metabolism were studied in vitro. Antimycoplasma antibody, but not complement, enhances attachment of mycoplasma to macrophages. Antibody-mediated attachment is not affected by the length of time the cell is maintained in culture or its adherence to a glass surface. Adherence of mycoplasma by nonimmunologic means to cell spread on glass is significantly greater than attachment to macrophages in suspension. Mycoplasmas attached to macrophage membrane do not increase glucose metabolism via the hexose monophosphate shunt. Because of this, the rate of glucose metabolism by macrophages is an accurate quantitative correlate of the recognition and ingestion stage of phagocytosis of mycoplasmas. Antibody induces a more rapid rate of particle ingestion than does altering the mycoplasma by proteolysis. Complement does not augment the rate of ingestion induced by antimycoplasma antibody. By analogy with enzyme and absorption kinetics, it appears likely that differences observed between phagocytosis induced by antibody and that induced by trypsin are due to different rates of recognition between particles rather than different ingestion mechanisms.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Attachment and ingestion of mycoplasmas by mouse macrophages. II. Scanning electron microscopic observations.

Mycoplasmas adhere closely to the central region of the surface of mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro. They do not appear connected to each other or the macrophage membrane, and they induce no change in the surface of the cell. After addition of antimycoplasma antibody, mycoplasmas show interconnections and the cell shows an increase occurrence of ruffled membrane and folding over the mycoplasmas. Large and small lacunae appear in the membrane at sites other than those taking in organisms, and the cell develops a diffusely granular appearance. These changes are associated with an increase in pinocytosis of horseradish peroxidase that is 85% above controls. Five minutes after addition of antibody, the macrophage appears contracted and engorged and has persistent membrane changes consisting of pits, openings, and membrane folds. Trypsin causes slow ingestion of surface mycoplasmas without the obvious membrane folding over organisms but with evidence of a predominantly invaginating process of phagocytosis. The macrophage surface has numerous microprojections, but is does not have the granular appearance seen after addition of antibody. Trypsin and Mycoplasma pulmonis antigen do not enhance macrophage pinocytic rates. (Am J Pathol 87:347-358, 1977).

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Hypothyroidism and hypercalcemia: report of a case with a parathyroid adenoma and review of the literature.

A woman with hyperthyroidism, hypercalcemia, and a parathyroid adenoma is described. Various studies indicate that in hypothyroid subjects given an acute dose of calcium, the serum calcium levels remain elevated for longer periods than in control subjects. In part, this may be due to diminished bone uptake. Despite these studies which would tend to support the contention that hypothyroid patients "have a propensity to hypercalcemia" (Lowe et al), overt and significant hypercalcemia is unusual. Hypothyroidism is listed as a possible cause of hypercalcemia. This does not seem to be warranted by a review of the literature. The reference most often cited is that of Lowe et al. In their particular case, the hypercalcemia improved with thyroid replacement therapy. This also happened in our case. However, the measurement of IPTH levels led to the correct diagnosis. IPTH levels were not available at the time of Lowe's report and hyperparathyroidism was not completely excluded. Therefore, at this time, the reported association of hypercalcemia with adult hypothyroidism needs further examination to determine if this association is real.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1976

Translocation of Y chromosome to an autosome in the Bolivian owl monkey, Aotus.

Karyotypic study of a population sample of twenty-one owl monkeys, Aotus, originating from Bolivia, revealed two sex-specific somatic diploid chromosome numbers: 49 for males and 50 for females. The presence of a trivalent in male meiotic figures and the identification of chromosomes by band pattern analysis confirmed the interpretation of a Y-autosome translocation in the males.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Pinocytic rates of macrophages from mice immunized against Toxoplasma gondii and macrophages stimulated to inhibit toxoplasma in vitro.

The rate of pinocytosis by macrophages when measured by uptake of horseradish peroxidase was significantly reduced during toxoplasma infection of the cells in vitro when the macrophages were from toxoplasma-immune mice and when control cells were stimulated in vitro to inhibit toxoplasma multiplication. There was, however, no direct correlation between reduced pinocytosis in this model and inhibition or enhancement of toxoplasma multiplication. We conclude that a reduced pinocytic rate is a feature of the unstimulated toxoplasma-immune macrophage, but this change in rate alone does not correlate with the cell's ability to inhibit toxoplasma. In addition, we observed that enhanced pinocytosis as seen in the elicited macrophage was not a requirement for inhibition of toxoplasma multiplication.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Chromosome polymorphism and banding patterns in the owl monkey (Aotus).

Diploid numbers, chromosome morphology, G- and C-banding characterisitics and pelage phenotypes were studied in 330 owl monkeys (Aotus) captured and exported from several parts of South America. Among these animals, seven distinctive karyotypes were recognized by the number of chromosomes and their individual identification by G- and C-banding methods. These seven karyotypes were distributed among four distinctive phenotypes differentiated by color patterns in the pelage. These specific phenotypes were designated in this study with capital letters (A through D) and the karyotypes by Roman numerals (I-VII), followed in parentheses by their diploid number. Specimens with phenotype A originated from Brazil and their karyotypes all conformed to a type designated karyotype I (2n=54). Animals classified as having phenotype B were exported from Colombia and their karyotypes were designated as karyotypes II (2n=54), III (2n=53), IV (2n=52), and V (2n=46). Monkeys received from Peru were designated as phenotype C and karyotype VII (2n=52). A group of owl monkeys received from Bolivia were designated as having karyotype VI (2n=50 male; 2n=49 female). Their distinctive phenotype was labeled D. All males in this sample had a diploid number of 49 and the Y-chromosome was translocated to an autosome.

Animals↗