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Biomedical subjects

T Appelboom

Publications and source records attributed to T Appelboom.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of OM-8980 in rheumatoid arthritis.

A total of 95 patients suffering from active rheumatoid arthritis were included in this double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the immunomodulator OM-8980. Treatment was one capsule daily of OM-8980 or placebo for 6 months. A significant improvement was observed in the OM-8980 group in comparison with the placebo group as regards the Ritchie index (P = 0.002), grip strength (P = 0.02) and pain (P = 0.03). The number of swollen joints, duration of morning stiffness and erythrocyte sedimentation rate decreased more markedly under OM-8980 than under the placebo, without reaching the level of statistical significance. A significant difference in favour of OM-8980 was observed in the intake of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oral corticosteroids. Clinical tolerance was on the whole good (10 cases with side effects out of 49 in the OM-8980 group and 7 out of 46 in the placebo group, ns), with the majority of the side effects concerning the gastrointestinal system. The global assessment of the therapeutic efficacy both by the physician and the patient showed a highly significant superiority of OM-8980 over the placebo (P = 0.001).

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

The past: a gallery of arthritics.

Rheumatism in its many forms has affected mankind since ancient times. Numerous examples exist of the powerful and the famous who suffered these afflictions. In some cases the disease process in thought to have, through the sufferers, altered the course of history itself. Throughout history, the arts have served as a means by which man expressed life's broad range of emotions: love, beauty, despair, loneliness. But the works of several prominent artists also reflect the pain and frustration of arthritis. Examples of common diseases include low back pain and sciatica, which disabled Aneas of Greek mythology, Jacob of Biblical times, Sister Catherine and Jefferson. Lincoln and Paganini are both thought to have suffered from Marfan's syndrome. Ankylosing spondylitis affected Cosimo de Medici and the poet Scarron, while the disability of Columbus is thought to be more compatible with Reiter's Syndrome. Without even considering the numerous examples of famous personnages who had gout, one can find multiple historical and artistic figures who suffered from chronic polyarthritis. A brief list would include the Emperor Constantine, Rubens, Mary Queen of Scots, Madison, Renoir, Verlaine, and Dufy. Since these disorders can also be found in historical references, one wonders if, having affected the lives and temperaments of the eminent, the powerful, or an entire population, they may have in some circumstances exerted some influence on the course of world history, or, through artistic talents, contributed to the intellectual enrichment of society.

Art↗
PubMed1989

The diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

To assess the effectiveness of nuclear magnetic-resonance imaging in the detection of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, we studied the cases of twenty-five patients (forty-nine hips) in whom necrosis of the femoral head was suspected on the basis of plain radiographs, computed tomographic scans, radionuclide bone scans, and magnetic resonance-imaging scans. The results of these investigations were compared, for all except one patient, with the pathological findings of transtrochanteric core biopsies of the femoral head and neck of both hips. Of the forty-nine hips, thirty-three had histological proof of osteonecrosis. Twenty-two (67 per cent) of these hips showed definite necrosis on the plain radiographs; eighteen (62 per cent), on the twenty-nine available computed tomographic scans; twenty-four (77 per cent), on the thirty-one available radionuclide bone scans; and all of the hips, on the magnetic resonance-imaging studies. In six additional hips, there were histological changes (marrow necrosis, edema, hemorrhage, and fibrosis) in the medullary spaces without detectable osteonecrosis. The plain radiographs and computed tomographic scans of these six hips were normal except for the computed tomographic scan of one, and the radionuclide uptake on bone-scanning was abnormal in four of the six, as were the magnetic resonance-imaging studies. In the two hips that had normal magnetic resonance-imaging studies, the biopsies showed only destruction of fat cells in the medullary spaces, with no edema or fibroblastic reaction.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Effect of aggregated IgG on mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cell cooperation.

The leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test was used to determine the response of different leukocyte subpopulations in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and normal donors to heat-aggregated gammaglobulins (HAGGs). The adherence of polymorphonuclear cells of (PMNs) could be inhibited either directly by high concentrations of HAGGs or indirectly by soluble factors secreted by RA mononuclear cells incubated with low amounts of HAGGs. The stimulatory site of the IgG was located on the Fc fragment. Since the LAI reaction was also observed with material recovered from rheumatoid synovial fluid, tissue, and nodules, these results could have clinical relevance in RA.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1988

Effect of aggregated immunoglobulins on mononuclear cell protein production in rheumatoid arthritis.

The synthesis and secretion of proteins, especially interleukin 1 (IL-1), by mononuclear cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in response to heat-aggregated IgG (HAGG) has been investigated. Mononuclear cells were labeled with 35S-methionine during 1 hr of HAGG stimulation, and the intracellular and extracellular protein content was measured and compared by fluorography. HAGG dramatically accelerated protein release into the medium. This was observed in both normal and RA mononuclear cells but was much more marked with the latter. The phenomenon was correlated with the release of a IL-1 activity measurable in the thymocyte proliferation assay with a more pronounced labeling in the extracellular medium of a 14-kDa band not detectable in the intracellular pattern. Partially purified proteins between 14-20 kDa recovered by transblotting also stimulated thymocyte proliferation. These results therefore suggest a particular sensitivity of RA mononuclear cells to HAGG, resulting in a very rapid de novo synthesis and an accelerated secretion rate of IL-1.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Skeletal involvement in sarcoidosis: a case report.

A patient is described in whom sarcoidosis caused a pathological fracture of the middle phalanx of the little finger. A bone scan showed increased uptake. She was treated by resection of the diseased area and bone grafting, which led to bone healing. The bony manifestations of sarcoidosis are reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Partial characterization of the soluble mediator of leukocyte adherence inhibition.

The leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) test in arthritis is a model of cooperation between monocytes, T cells and polymorphonuclear cells (PMN). Mononuclear cells (MNC) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis in contact with aggregated IgG release within 60 min in the test tube a supernatant capable of inhibiting the adherence of PMN to glass (LAI activity). By protein labeling, fractionation and electroblotting, we showed that the supernatant LAI activity was located in the 14-20 kDa region of the gel and was actively secreted upon MNC stimulation. Under negative conditions, the factors with LAI activity were able to constitute larger complexes and their charge was heterogeneous. Their relationship to interleukin-1 (IL-1) is discussed, since the supernatant gave a positive response in the thymocyte proliferation assay; small amounts of IL-1 had the capacity to inhibit PMN adhesiveness and anti-IL-1 blocked this activity.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1986

Gout of the rich and famous.

A number of sources on the subject of gout, and particularly its role in history, were consulted. Highlights are presented to illustrate popular conceptions of the social implications of gout. It is indicated that the consequences of this affliction may be disastrous to empires, yet are not always viewed as entirely negative for individual sufferers.

Europe↗
PubMed1986

Can a diagnosis be made in retrospect? The case of Desiderius Erasmus.

Review of data in very old charts sometimes brings new insights and perspectives, and suggests new hypothesis for illnesses of patients long deceased. Such applications can be made if enough information is available, e.g., autobiographical letters, skeletal remains, pictorial representations. Finally the process must be discussed in the context of the major disease processes occurring at that time. When such an approach was applied to Erasmus (Rotterdam c 1466--Basle 1536), the differential diagnosis included gout, syphilitic arthritis and enteric rheumatism.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1985

Purine enzyme levels in rheumatoid arthritis.

We studied purine metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), adenosine deaminase (ADA), 5'-nucleotidase (5'NU) and purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) activities by measuring the circulating mononuclear cells of patients with RA and healthy controls. Patients had significantly lower levels of ADA and 5'NU but not of PNP than controls. The decreases could not be related to age, antiinflammatory therapy, decreased percentages of T cells or imbalance between major T cells subsets. Differences in cell maturation or traffic could account for our observation. Alternatively, abnormalities of purine metabolism are not definitely excluded in RA if the lower enzyme activity is not sufficient to perform the metabolic steps.

5'-Nucleotidase↗
PubMed1985

Blocking of mononuclear cell activation by lonazolac.

The immunological effect of lonazolac on mononuclear cell activation has been investigated using the indirect Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test in Arthritis. Under these conditions, the mononuclear cell response to a synovial stimulus can be abolished by very low concentrations of lonazolac, a new nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug. This blockade can be completely released by the addition of prostaglandin E2. Lonazolac appears therefore as an agent able in addition to modulate the immune response.

Arthritis↗