[Discussion on "sensitive midwifery": understanding of self and enhancement of sensitivity].
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Empathy↗
Biomedical subjects
T Aono
Publications and source records attributed to T Aono.
[Clinical significance of serum prolactin analysis in pituitary function tests].
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Adult↗
[Scimitar syndrome with left pulmonary hypertension and right pulmonary artery stenosis in childhood--report of a case of successful surgical repair].
An one-year old child with Scimitar syndrome (anomalous drainage of the right pulmonary vein to inferior vena cava with right lung hypoplasia) associated with left side pulmonary hypertension and right pulmonary artery stenosis underwent surgical repair. The anomalous pulmonary vein was anastomosed to right atrium with 10 mm PTFE graft interposition and drained to left atrium through equine pericardial intra-atrial baffle. The stenotic portion of right pulmonary artery was enlarged with porcine pericardial patch. To our knowledge, this is the first successful surgical case of Scimitar syndrome with pulmonary hypertension in childhood reported in literature. A repair of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage to inferior vena cava in childhood is difficult, and a meticulous selection of surgical procedure is necessary.
Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗
Mass screening for hyperprolactinemia and prolactinoma in men.
To determine the incidence of hyperprolactinemia and prolactinoma without symptoms in men, the serum levels of prolactin were measured in 4803 men. Of these, 14 had hyperprolactinemia with prolactin level of over 50 ng/ml, and 3 had prolactin levels of more than 500 ng/ml. Of these 3 subjects, 2 were found to have pituitary prolactinoma by computed tomograph scanning and surgery, the other subject, who was highly suspected to have prolactinoma, refused further examinations. The serum prolactin levels of 51-100 ng/ml in 11 subjects may have been induced by drugs (sulpiride) or unknown factors. The present survey suggests that the incidence of prolactinoma in men in the general population might be estimated to be 1:1600, and that mass screening is useful for early diagnosis of asymptomatic prolactinoma.
Adult↗
Second pregnancy with spontaneous ovulation following clomiphene- or gonadotropin-induced pregnancy.
For investigation of the rates of spontaneous pregnancy following termination of pregnancy induced by treatment with clomiphene or human menopausal gonadotropin-human chorionic gonadotropin (hMG-hCG) and of spontaneous abortion in the second pregnancy, 119 women (58 with an anovulatory cycle and 141 with amenorrhea) who desired another pregnancy were studied. The rate of spontaneous pregnancy following pregnancy induced by clomiphene was 46.6%, which was significantly (p less than 0.001) higher than that following pregnancy induced by hMG (14.9%). The mean (+/- SEM) period between the termination of the first induced-ovulation pregnancy and the second spontaneous pregnancy was 16.6 +/- 1.4 months. The spontaneous abortion rates in the second pregnancies after pregnancies induced by clomiphene and hMG were 7.5% and 9.8%, respectively, which were significantly (p less than 0.001, p less than 0.05) lower than those in the first pregnancy (25.7%, 33.0%). There was no difference between the spontaneous abortion rates following a first pregnancy which terminated in abortion and those following a pregnancy which ended in birth. These data suggest that a first pregnancy in anovulatory women may restore the ovulatory cycle and have a beneficial effect on the rates of spontaneous abortion in the second pregnancy.
Clomiphene↗
Human corticotropin-releasing hormone test in normal subjects and patients with hypothalamic, pituitary or adrenocortical disorders.
Human corticotropin-releasing hormone (hCRH) test was performed in 57 normal volunteers and 102 patients with hypothalamic, pituitary and adrenocortical diseases. Intravenous bolus injection of synthetic hCRH, 100 micrograms for adults or 1.5 micrograms/kg for children, increased plasma ACTH and cortisol levels in about 90% of normal subjects. In 47 patients with Cushing's disease, plasma ACTH tended to show an exaggerated response to hCRH and peak ACTH was the most frequent abnormal component among the several reaction parameters. Poor responders among normal subjects and patients with Cushing's disease had significantly higher plasma cortisol levels before CRH administration. Patients with hypothalamic hypopituitarism showed exaggerated response, whereas patients with primary pituitary lesion, isolated ACTH deficiency or adrenal Cushing's syndrome showed no ACTH response. These differences in the response of patients suggest the value of the hCRH test in their differential diagnosis.
Adrenal Gland Diseases↗
Lunch induces an increase in the plasma prolactin concentration, but not vasoactive intestinal peptides or cholecystokinin.
Ingestion of lunch is known to be associated with acute release of prolactin (PRL). The neuroendocrine mechanism of this release was examined by measuring changes in serum vasoactive intestinal peptides (VIP) and cholecystokinin (CCK) after the noon meal in six normal men. The serum PRL concentration was significantly increased (40% above the level before lunch) from 30 min to 1 h 45 min after beginning to eat. However, the ingestion of lunch had no remarkable effects on the plasma immunoreactive concentration of VIP and CCK. Thus the changes in the plasma concentration of these two gut-brain peptides did not coincided with acute PRL release after ingestion of lunch, suggesting either that these two gut-brain peptides are probably not involved in PRL release after lunch, or that the level of these two gut-brain peptides in the general circulation may not represent that in the hypophyseal portal plasma.
Adult↗
[Observation of the acrosome reaction of human spermatozoa using the combined preparation with triple stain technique and scanning electron microscopy].
The combination of triple stain technique (TST) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate the reliability of TST in observing the acrosome reaction. The TST preparation was followed by SEM to observe the same spermatozoa by both methods. We compared the results obtained with TST at various pH of rose Bengal solution to those with SEM. 1. In our method, the acrosome reaction on the same spermatozoa was easily examined by both TST and SEM. 2. The fine surface structure of the sperm head was not affected by the TST procedure, because the percentages of acrosome non-reacted (ANR) and acrosome reacted (AR) sperm were similar when spermatozoa from the same semen were examined by SEM or SEM after TST (23.0%, 77.0% VS. 24.5%, 75.5%, respectively). 3. When results obtained with TST at various pH of rose Bengal solution were compared to those of SEM after TST, the accuracy was 70.5% at pH 4.3, 95.9% at pH 5.3 and 61.8% at pH 6.3. Sensitivity and specificity were 100%, 21.4% at pH 4.3, 94.5%, 97.6% at pH 5.3 and 38.7%, 97.5% at pH 6.3 respectively. From these results, it can be concluded that TST with pH 5.3 rose Bengal solution is a reliable and practical method for detecting the acrosome reaction of human spermatozoa.
Acrosome↗
[Three-year clinical results of posterior composite resins--with special reference to the marginal degradation of restorations].
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Composite Resins↗
Growth inhibition by progestins in a human endometrial cancer cell line with estrogen-independent progesterone receptors.
The presence of estrogen-independent progesterone receptors (PgR) was demonstrated in a subline of a human endometrial cancer cell line, Ishikawa cells, although the original Ishikawa cells contained estrogen-inducible PgR. Scatchard plot analysis of cytoplasmic binding data in our subline (IK-90) revealed a high affinity binding site for R5020 (Kd, 1.0 nM) with maximum binding sites of 158 fmol/mg protein. Competition experiments showed a binding specificity similar to that of typical PgR. By low-salt sucrose gradient centrifugation, radioactive 8S and 4S peaks were found. The addition of 1 microM progesterone in culture medium resulted in a rapid nuclear translocation of cytoplasmic PgR. In contrast to the original cells, estrogen receptors could not be detected in IK-90 cells, and an addition of 17 beta-estradiol (10 nM) to culture medium failed to increase PgR. Accumulation of glycogen in cytoplasm of IK-90 cells in response to R5020 (0.1-1 microM) was observed by periodic acid-Schiff staining. The addition of R5020 to culture medium (0.1-1 microM) also caused a marked decrease in the growth of IK-90 cells, whereas the other steroids including 17 beta-estradiol, tamoxifen, testosterone, and cortisol had no significant effects. These results demonstrate for the first time the presence of a progestin-responsive human endometrial cancer cell line that contains estrogen-independent functional PgR. IK-90 cells appear to be an ideal model for studying the mechanism of the antiproliferative effect of progestin on endometrial cancer cells.
Cell Division↗
[Change in serum thyroid hormone levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction].
It has been reported that there is a decrease in the serum concentration of thyroid hormones in non-thyroidal illness. In the present study we made serial measurements of serum concentration of thyroid hormones [triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), reverse triiodothyronine (rT3)], thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine binding globulin (TBG) in 10 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI, Grade I, according to the classification of Killip & Forrester) during 14 days after onset. In the early phase of AMI, serum T3, T4, FT3 and FT4 levels decreased while rT3 increased. TSH and TBG levels, however, were unchanged. In the patients with a high peak creatine phosphokinase activity (greater than or equal to 400 mU/ml), the decrease in thyroid hormone and increase in serum rT3 levels were greater than in patients with a low peak value (less than 400 mU/ml), suggesting a correlation between severity of AMI and changes in serum thyroid hormone levels. Especially, serum FT3 levels fell below the lower limit of controls within 14 days, with the lowest levels and the rT3 peak on the third day after onset. These data suggest that in AMI peripheral conversion of T4 favours rT3 production and that low levels of serum FT3 and T3 protect the infarcted heart muscle against thyroid hormone action.
Aged↗
Growth inhibition by danazol in a human endometrial cancer cell line with estrogen-independent progesterone receptors.
Since we recently found that danazol, an isoxazol derivative of ethinyltestosterone, has a growth-inhibitory effect on human endometrial cancer cells in primary culture, the effects of danazol on a human endometrial cancer cell line (IK-90 cells), which contains estrogen-independent progesterone receptors (PR), were investigated in the present study. The addition of danazol (1 nM-1 microM) in culture medium caused a decrease in the growth of IK-90 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Competitive binding studies showed that danazol effectively binds to PR in IK-90 cells, and the binding affinity for PR was estimated to be 6.0% of that of R5020. The addition of 1 microM danazol in culture medium resulted in a rapid and significant increase in nuclear PR with a concomitant decrease in cytoplasmic PR in the cells. These findings suggest that danazol has a growth-inhibitory effect on human endometrial adenocarcinoma cells directly through PR system in the cells.
Binding, Competitive↗
Roles of antiestrogen binding sites in human endometrial cancer cells.
Estrogen-noncompatible antiestrogen binding sites (AEBS) as well as estrogen receptors (ER), and the growth-inhibitory effect of tamoxifen were investigated in two human endometrial cancer cell lines, IK-90 and HEC-IA cells. IK-90 cells contained specific AEBS, but no ER was found in these cells. Scatchard plot analysis of AEBS in 12,000 g supernatant from IK-90 cells showed a high affinity binding site for tamoxifen (Kd:5.6 +/- 1.0 nM) with the maximum binding site of 457 +/- 47 fmol/mg protein. However, no measurable ER or AEBS was found in HEC-IA cells. The effect of tamoxifen on the growth of cells was found to be identical in both cell lines; the addition of 10 microM tamoxifen to culture medium was cytocidal whereas tamoxifen at lower concentrations (1 nM-1 microM) did not significantly affect the growth of both IK-90 and HEC-IA cells. These results demonstrate for the first time the presence of AEBS in human endometrial cancer cells. The present results also suggest that AEBS does not play a fundamental role in mediating the growth-inhibitory effect of tamoxifen in endometrial cancer cells.
Adenocarcinoma↗
Increase in S-100b protein content in thyroid carcinoma.
S-100b protein was detectable in the soluble fraction of thyroid tissue. The concentration of S-100b protein in thyroid carcinoma tissue was three to five times higher than in normal thyroid tissue and thyroid adenoma. It is, however, not higher in the thyroid tissue of Graves' disease. The increase of S-100b protein concentration was not remarkable in carcinomatous tissue of the stomach and other digestive organs. The calmodulin content in the thyroid carcinoma tissue increased but the increment was low compared to that of S-100b protein. These data suggest that S-100b protein may play a significant role in cell maturation or differentiation.
Adenoma↗
Effect of clomiphene citrate administration during the early luteal phase on the luteal function and pregnancy rate of women.
To study the effect of clomiphene citrate (clomiphene) administration during the early luteal phase of the menstrual cycle on the luteal function and the pregnancy rate in women, 75 infertile women who ovulated but did not conceive after clomiphene treatment during the early follicular phase and 6 normal cycling women were chosen. Clomiphene was administered orally to 35 of the 75 infertile women at a dose of 50 mg per day for 5 days from the second day of the rise in the basal body temperature (BBT) as well as during the follicular phase, while 40 control patients received clomiphene only during the follicular phase. In the test patients, the rate of pregnancy (25.7%) was significantly (p less than 0.05) higher than that of control patients (10.0%). On the 7th of the rise of BBT, the mean serum progesterone levels of the test patients and normal cycling women treated with clomiphene were significantly (p less than 0.05) higher than those of the control patients. However, the levels of serum estradiol, LH and FSH, the gonadotropin pulsatilities, and the pituitary responses to LH-RH in the test women were not significantly different from those of the control. These data suggest that, when administered during the early luteal phase, clomiphene may act directly on the ovary, enhancing the secretion of progesterone from the corpus luteum, and thereby increasing the rate of pregnancy in infertile women with clomiphene-induced ovulation.
Adult↗
Relationship between the methods of treatment for prolactinomas and the puerperal lactation.
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Adult↗
Involvement of H1 histamine receptor in basal and estrogen-stimulated luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone secretion in rats in vitro.
For determination of the roles of histamine and its receptors, H1 and H2, in the control of basal and estrogen-induced LH-RH secretion, the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) and/or pituitary was excised from normally cycling female rats and perifused in an in vitro sequential double chamber perifusion system. Administration of 10(-7) M histamine caused significant release (90-170% increase, p less than 0.05) of LH from the pituitary in sequence with the MBH, whereas 10(-7) M histamine had no effect on LH release from the pituitary perifused alone; administration of 10(-5) M 2-methylhistamine, an H1 agonist, induced significant release (50-120% increase, p less than 0.05) of LH-RH from the MBH, and addition of 10(-5) M mepyramine, and H1 antagonist, abolished this LH-RH release. The LH concentrations in the efflux were not affected by the administration of the H2 agonist 4-methylhistamine. Estradiol caused significant release of LH-RH from the MBH and LH from the pituitary in sequence with the MBH. The estradiol-induced release of LH-RH and LH were completely abolished by perifusion with medium containing 10(-5) M mepyramine. The H2 receptor antagonist ranitidine did not affect estradiol-induced LH release. Histamine did not change the LH release induced by 20 ng LH-RH. These findings suggest that histamine induces release of hypothalamic LH-RH, and that histamine H1 receptors in the hypothalamus are involved in the basal and estradiol-induced LH-RH release.
Animals↗