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Biomedical subjects

T Aoki

Publications and source records attributed to T Aoki.

At least 559 records · Page 31Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Structure of medaka transferrin gene and its 5'-flanking region.

Transferrin is a monomeric iron-binding glycoprotein. To investigate the structure of the transferrin gene in teleosts, we prepared a genomic DNA library from the medaka (Oryzias latipes). The medaka transferrin gene was isolated, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The full length of this gene is approximately 8.5 kb, and it is organized into 17 exons separated by 16 introns. The exons are similar in size to those in the genes for human transferrin, chicken ovotransferrin, and mouse and bovine lactoferrin. However, the introns are smaller than those previously reported in the transferrin family of genes. The 5'-flanking region of the medaka transferrin gene contains an estrogen-responsive element, glucocorticoid-responsive elements, an iron-responsive element, metal-responsive elements, and Sp1 binding sites. The transcription start point is located 35 bp upstream of the start codon.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

[A nation-wide survey for neurologic and hepato-neurologic type of Wilson disease: clinical features and hepatic copper content].

A nation-wide survey for Wilson disease was performed from 1990 to 1991. We studied clinical features and copper content in liver for the neurologic and hepato-neurologic types. A questionnaire was sent to more than five thousand hospitals in Japan. Thirty-three percent of physicians completed the questionnaire. Four hundred and twenty-five cases were studied for the onset age, primary symptoms, prognosis and hepatic copper content. The onset age of neurologic and hepato-neurologic type of Wilson disease was usually 6 years or older. The most common initial symptom was dysarthria. Gait disturbance, flapping tremor and Kayser-Fleischer rings were also very common symptoms. We conclude that in patients with dysarthria and/ or extra pyramidal symptoms over 6 years of age, Wilson disease should be considered. The prognosis quod vitam of patients with neurologic and hepato-neurologic Wilson disease is not always fatal. However, many patients required prolonged treatment at either a hospital, sanatorium or at home due to irreversibility of their severe neurological defects. This result shows that early detection is the most important factor for a promising prognosis. Copper content in liver was examined for each type of Wilson disease. Neurologic type of Wilson disease had the highest copper content, followed by hepato-neurologic type. Hepatic type had the lowest copper level out of these three forms of the disease. The mechanism of onset for each type of Wilson disease should be studied using these results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[The use of low dose midazolam for the management of spinal anesthesia].

The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of low dose midazolam (MZ) on memories and ease of management of spinal anesthesia. MZ was administered to 103 patients (ASA 1-2), of whom 50 patients were premedicated with atropine sulfate 0.5mg and pethidine hydrochloride (group P), with 53 patients receiving no premedication (group nP). A double blind randomized trial was conducted with the dose of MZ (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08 mg.kg-1), and MZ was administered i.v. to patients just prior to spinal puncture. The short-term and long-term memories were impaired after administration of MZ in both groups. But the recovery from impairment of memories was more rapid in the short-term memory than in the long-term memory, suggesting that MZ impairs mainly the acquisition of memories. A dose-dependent decrease in SpO2 was observed in group P. We conclude that MZ is a useful drug to relieve anxiety of patients during surgery, but it accompanies the risk of respiratory depression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Locoregional injection of OK-432/fibrinogen/thrombin for unresectable metastatic liver tumors].

We performed the locoregional injection of OK-432/fibrinogen/thrombin to unresectable hepatic tumors metastasized from colorectal cancers, which were hardly controlled by arterial infusion chemotherapy. CEA was markedly decreased following this treatment, although abdominal CT did not show a significant reduction of tumor mass. This immuno-injection therapy may be a choice of treatment for metastatic liver tumors, refractory to treatment by conventional chemotherapy.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1996

[A patient with HCC successfully treated by ethanol injection therapy with etoposide].

A patient with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent successfully percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT) with etoposide was reported. A 72-year-old Japanese man with positive HCV-Ab developed multiple tumors of HCC. He underwent transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) four times and PEIT three times, but the growth of tumors (particularly, S8) could not be controlled by these modalities. Then, the mixture of etoposide (20 mg), ethanol (8.5 ml) and lipiodol (1.5 ml) was injected into S6 tumors. Consistent with the normalization of serum AFP level, CT scan revealed the marked remaining lipiodol in these tumors. PEIT with etoposide is the treatment of choice in patients with HCC refractory to treatment by conventional TAE or PEIT.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[A patient with hepatocellular carcinoma originating from the caudate lobe, who underwent hepatectomy following microwave coagulation therapy].

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) originating from the caudate lobe is rare (about 2%), and prognosis is poor due to difficulties in early diagnosis, transarterial chemoembolization (TAE), and surgical resection. Distant metastasis is also likely to develop. To prevent metastasis during surgical manipulations, we performed microwave coagulation therapy before caudate lobectomy in one patient. Although the efficacy of this procedure remains to be elucidated, the multidisciplinary treatment described in this study is essential for the improvement of prognosis in patients with HCC developing from caudate lobe.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1996

[A patient with pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma, effectively treated by the infusion chemotherapy through hepatic artery using 5-FU, CDDP and MMC].

Chemotherapy for pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma has not been well studied. We report herein one patient, in whom arterial chemotherapy with 5-FU, CDDP and MMC was extremely effective. He underwent distal pancreatectomy associated with partial resection of transverse colon. Hepatic recurrence was detected by MRI 8 months after the surgery. 5-FU (250 mg/day), CDDP (20 mg/day), and MMC (10 mg) was injected through a catheter introduced into the proper hepatic artery. His tumor became hardly detectable by MRI, and he was discharged about 1 month after admission. 5-FU (250 mg) and CDDP (20 mg) were injected every two weeks, and recurrence was not observed for 5 months.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1996

[A patient with unresectable cancer of pancreas head, effectively treated by a local injection of the mixture of OK-432, fibrinogen and thrombin].

The effective treatment of unresectable pancreatic cancer remains to be elucidated. We report herein a patient who underwent a local injection of a mixture of OK-432, fibrinogen and thrombin. Tumor size and tumor markers significantly decreased following this procedure. Local injection therapy with OK-432, fibrinogen and thrombin may be a promising treatment for unresectable pancreatic cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

[Two cases of ossified spinal meningioma].

It is generally known that meningioma has histological pleomorphism and ossification is one of them. In the cases of spinal meningioma, osteoblastic type is rare. We encountered two different types of ossified spinal meningioma. Two cases of ossified spinal meningioma are reported in this paper. One case is that of a 45-year-old male who had a sudden transient tetraparesis with a tumor located in the upper cervical spinal column. The tetraparesis was caused by the patient's head having been hit. Another case is a 74-year-old female, who had progressive paraparesis and hypesthesia in her lower extremities, with a tumor located in the 9th thoracic spinal column. The MRI findings in these cases suggested that an ossified area was included in the tumor. We performed surgical therapy in both cases, and an operative finding was that these tumors had a very hard component. Histopathological diagnosis in both cases was meningioma. The former included isolated matured bone tissue with fat marrow mixed with the tumor tissue, and the latter included scattered matured lamellar bone tissue. These tumors are considered to be osteoblastic in type.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Usefulness of contrast-enhanced CT of the peritoneum to evaluate efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for peritoneal dissemination in an advanced gastric cancer case].

We performed contrast-enhanced CT before and after chemotherapy in a patient with advanced gastric cancer to assess the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for peritoneal dissemination. The patient was preoperatively given combined chemotherapy with UFT and CDDP. Hepatic metastatic and peritoneal disseminated foci were markedly reduced on CT. Thus CT proved to be useful for assessing peritoneal dissemination and the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Lobectomy by video-assisted thoracic surgery for a hilar bronchial carcinoid tumor.

A 45-year-old man with bronchial carcinoid arising from the subsegmental middle-lobe bronchus was treated by video-assisted thoracic surgery. Lobectomy with mediastinal and hilar lymph node sampling was successfully performed in this patient. To obtain a tumor-free surgical margin on the middle-lobe bronchus, the interlobar pulmonary artery was retracted posteriorly, the middle-lobe bronchus anteriorly. The bronchus was then stapled and transected.

Bronchial Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

[Experimental study on CDDP, 5-FU concentrations of paraaortic and mesenteric lymph nodes after subphrenic infusion].

We examined about CDDP, 5-FU concentration of paraaortic and mesenteric lymph nodes in rats after subphrenic infusion. Rats were administrated 5-FU 1 ml (250 mg/kg) or CDDP 1 ml (2.5 mg/kg) via three routes, subphrenic, Douglas, and intravenously. Compared 5-FU concentration of lymph nodes between intravenous infusion group and intraperitoneal infusion group (subphrenic infusion group + Douglas infusion group) after high dose administration, the concentration of lymph nodes in the intraperitoneal group were about 2.5 times higher value maintained than that of the intravenous infusion group significantly. Also the same results were obtained even in the cases administrated regular dose CDDP. Compared subphrenic infusion group with Douglas infusion group for CDDP, 5-FU concentration of lymph nodes, there was no significant difference between 2 groups. However, there was a tendency that the CDDP, 5-FU concentration of lymph nodes of the subphrenic infusion group was higher value maintained than that of the Douglas infusion group. Therefore it is conceivable that the subphrenic infusion therapy may be expected for the clinical application in the future.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Abnormalitis in the distributions of ventilation-perfusion ratios and diffusing capacity-perfusion ratios in three types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

To assess whether diffusion-limited gas exchange plays a significant role in hypoxemia in various types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD), we analyzed the distribution of ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) ratios and of diffusing capacity-perfusion (G/Q) ratios. We compared VA/Q and G/Q distribution in patients with three basic types of COPD: emphysematous changes, bronchiolar involvement, and airway hypersecretion, which were classified based on symptoms and on findings of high-resolution CT. The results were that 1) hypoxemia was not caused by diffusion-limited gas exchange with low G/Q regions in any type of COPD, that 2) hypoxemia was not caused by inhomogeneities in VA/Q distribution, that 3) emphysematous changes and bronchiolar involvement were associated with high and low VA/Q regions, respectively, and that 4) either hypersecretion itself or related airway abnormalities may cause low VA/Q regions to form.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Growth of squamous cells lung cancer between alveolar basement membrane and alveolar epithelium].

We examined patterns of growth of cancer cells in specimens of alveoli taken from 41 patients with squamous cell carcinoma (36 men and 5 women, mean age 65 years). For comparison, 8 samples from patients with small cell carcinoma (6 men and 2 women, mean age 64) and 71 samples from patients with adenocarcinoma (48 men and 23 women, mean age 62) were also studied. The samples were fixed in formalin, embedded in paraffin, and then subjected to immunostaining. Glandular structures composed of non-atypical cuboidal cells with negative p53 staining and scanty positive PCNA staining were found in 90% of the samples of squamous cell carcinoma. In small cell carcinoma, 25% of the samples had small numbers of no-atypical glandular structures. In adenocarcinoma, no non-atypical glandular structures were seen. Glandular structures were observed in the periphery of the cancerous tissue. Some of these non-atypical cells were attached to the alveolar basement membranes. We conclude that squamous cell carcinoma grows between the basement membrane and the alveolar epithelium, and leaves noncancerous epithelium with glandular structure.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1996

[Enteral alimentation at home: why PEG now?].

The history of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is relatively short. In 1980, a report entitled "Gastrostomy without laparotomy: A percutaneous endoscopic technique" by Ponsky and Gaudere was first published in the Journal of Pediatric Surgery. Thereafter, PEG soon saw widespread use in Western countries because of its clinical efficacy and economy. It has been performed in about 170,000 cases annually in the US. In contrast, its spread in Japan has been extremely slow: only about 10,000 cases have undergone this procedure annually, and this number accounted for less than 5% of patients receiving enteral alimentation. The reason why PEG has not spread may be the medical insurance system in Japan and the local distaste for operation scarring. However, in consideration of the unprecedented ageing of society that is surely coming in the near future, the role of PEG in Japan must be reexamined. In this report, we presented the methodology of enteral alimentation at home by means of PEG, giving special consideration to: (1) "What points are improved by using enteral alimentation at home by means of PEG in various diseases; (2) dysphagia due to cerebral angiopathy; (3) terminal cancer; (4) otolaryngological diseases; and (5) Crohn disease. We also discussed "Why PEG is important now?" in performing enteral alimentation at home.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical study of home hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for liver metastasis from colorectal cancer].

The clinical response and QOL were examined with 16 outpatients treated with home hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for liver metastasis from colorectal cancer. Fluorouracil 1,000 mg/body/week was administered by 5-hour intra-arterial infusion with a portable disposable pump. Six out of 8 who replied to a questionnaire survey led a their usual life during the treatment, and the average hospitalization period was only 7 days (including mortal cases). The clinical response was evaluated with 13 patients; 3 prophylactic treatment cases were excluded from the original 16 cases. The number of partial responses and no change were 3 and 7, respectively, and the overall response rate was 23.1%. These studies suggest that home hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy is beneficial for patients with liver metastasis by improving their QOL.

Adult↗