Case study of carcinogenicity by initiation-promotion model.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
T Aoki
Publications and source records attributed to T Aoki.
Intracranial extracerebral neuroblastoma originating from the convexity dura mater.
A 19-year-old female presented with an unusual intracranial extracerebral neuroblastoma originating from the dura mater. The tumor was located in the right frontal convexity, and had adhered neither to the underlining arachnoid membrane nor the cerebral cortex. The tumor feeders were meningeal arteries. Light microscopy showed the tumor consisted of small compact cells, forming numerous Homer-Wright rosettes. Immunohistochemical examination and electron micrography confirmed the diagnosis of neuroblastoma. Intracranial extracerebral neuroblastoma is extremely rare, especially originating from the dura mater. This neuroblastoma probably originated from heterotopic neuroglial nest cells in the meninges.
Adult↗
Negative patch test reactions to sweat in atopic dermatitis.
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Adolescent↗
Relationship between narcissistic tendencies and psychiatric conditions in patients undergoing physical rehabilitation.
This study examined the relationship between psychiatric conditions and narcissism in 78 patients with physical rehabilitation for illnesses such as cerebrovascular disease. The frequency of psychiatric disorders (Major Depression and Adjustment Disorder) was significantly higher for the patient group than for the healthy control group. The patients had significantly higher scores on measures of psychiatric symptoms including depression and lower scores on a narcissistic factor (Self-sufficiency) than the controls. In the patient group, the Self-sufficiency scores were significantly and positively correlated with Vigor scores. In the patient and control groups, although the correlation coefficient was not high and no significant difference was noted, the Self-sufficiency scores were negatively correlated with the Depression scores. These findings suggest that, in patients undergoing physical rehabilitation, poor Self-sufficiency is related to a decrease in vigor as a depressive symptom, perhaps due to the loss of physical functioning.
Adjustment Disorders↗
Behavior of calcium and phosphate in artificial casein micelles.
This study investigated the behavior of Ca and phosphate in artificial casein micelles using 45Ca and 32P by means of UF, equilibrium dialysis, and gel permeation HPLC in the presence of 6 M urea. Artificial casein micelles were prepared at a casein concentration of 2.5% with 30 to 40 mM Ca, 22 to 27 mM phosphate, and 10 mM citrate using 45Ca or 32P. About 75 and 65% of colloidal 45Ca and 32P, respectively, in artificial casein micelles that were formed in the presence of 30 mM Ca and 22 mM phosphate were exchanged after dialysis of artificial casein micelles against a simulated milk ultrafiltrate at 4 degrees C for 72 h. The percentages of 45Ca and 32P in the fraction of casein aggregates that were crosslinked by micellar Ca phosphate were 26.9 and 27.6%, which decreased to about 10% after equilibrium dialysis against a simulated milk ultrafiltrate at 4 degrees C for 72 h. The proportion of exchanged colloidal 45Ca and 32P in artificial casein micelles during dialysis for 72 h were higher at 25 degrees C than at 4 degrees C, suggesting that the exchange of Ca and phosphate between the diffusible and colloidal phases depended on temperature. The results suggest that the exchange of Ca and phosphate between diffusible and colloidal phases proceeds slowly, and a portion of the Ca and phosphate in the artificial casein micelles is difficult to exchange.
Animals↗
[A case of huge renal angiomyolipoma calculated doubling time].
A 32-year-old man was admitted with a sudden onset of severe left flank pain. The abdominal and MRI showed bilateral renal tumors with left perirenal hematoma. Selective right renal biopsy under the guidance of ultrasonography revealed that right renal tumor was angiomyolipoma (AML). After performing left renal embolization of the left renal artery, left was performed. The histology of the excised specimen was also AML. This patient had visited to the other clinics in 1985 and in 1988, and was examined by CT. Accordingly, doubling time of this tumor was calculated by ellipsoid method. Doubling time in 1985-1988 was days, and that in 1988-1995 was 675 days. Growth change of left renal AML did not show curve.
Adult↗
[Inherited neurological disease--relationship between an essential trace elements and Wilson/Menkes disease].
Because copper is an integral component of various enzymes in every cells, it has been known to be essential for cell activities. Copper is also a very toxic ion, so a specific series of copper transport process must exist to carry copper to the sites where it is required, and to ensure copper homeostasis without allowing toxic accumulation. Wilson disease and Menkes disease are the inherited diseases caused by genetic defects in copper metabolism. Wilson disease is related to the toxic effects of copper accumulation in liver, which leads to progressive liver damage and subsequent overflow to brain causing a loss of coordination and involuntary movement. Menkes disease is caused by the deficiency of serum copper and of copper-dependent enzymes, in various tissues except liver which characterized by neurologic degeneration and mental retardation, connective tissue and vascular defects, characteristic brittle and depigmented hair, and death in early childhood.
Copper↗
Susceptibility of the liver in spontaneously hypertensive rats to hemorrhagic shock and suitability for donors.
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Animals↗
[A case of ACTH-producing thymic carcinoid tumor with Cushing syndrome].
ACTH-producing thymic carcinoid tumor with Cushing syndrome in a 41-year-old male was reported. Plasma ACTH and cortisol was high, and chest X-ray film and CT scan revealed a tumor mass in the anterior mediastinum. Extended thymectomy with pretracheal lymph node dissection was performed. The microscopic findings revealed that the mass was carcinoid tumor with metastasis of anterior mediastinal lymph node. ACTH and cortisol were restored to normal range 1 week after operation. Unfortunately, he admitted seven months later because of high level of ACTH and right supraclavicular lymph nodes swelling. He underwent right neck dissection. Pathological examination proved metastatic carcinoid tumors in the dissected nodes. It is important to perform supraclavicular lymph node dissection together with extended thymectomy for thymic carcinoid tumor.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
[Therapy for the gastric cancer in the near future].
Through the review of recent Japanese literatures, anticipated ways of the treatments for the gastric cancer in the near future were discussed. Most hopefully, no surgical intervention with the prevention and early diagnosis of initiation or promotions of the cancer development by genom analyses in individuals who may have high risk gene mutations will be expected. In the near future periods, however, vigorous molecular biological investigations for purpose will be required to clarify the mechanisms and each biological characteristics of the cancer developments. Further improvements of endoscopic ultrasonography and electron endoscopy will be needed for "early" detection of the lesions in the high risk group patients. More finely defined minimally invasive or extended operative procedures will still be challenged for molecular-biologically identified malignancies of the disease. Immuno-chemotherapy and chemotherapy aided by gene therapy will be the greatest hoperfull ways to conquer the disease. Direct concerns at the moment, however, cancer developments in the stomach with benign "ulcer" infected with Helicobacter Pylori must be urgently integrated for the prevention of the disease. Post-operative disorders after any type of surgery will still be one of the great issue in this until the complete achievements of above mentioned future tasks.
Antineoplastic Agents↗
Pentamidine is a specific, non-peptide, GPIIb/IIIa antagonist.
Pentamidine was previously shown to act on glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa (Cox et al., Thromb Haemost 1992; 68: 731). In this paper we study the effect of pentamidine on other RGD-dependent receptors. In a cell adhesion assay, pentamidine was 500 times more potent than RGDS at inhibiting platelet adhesion to fibrinogen. While RGDS inhibited platelet adhesion to fibronectin, endothelial cell adhesion to vitronectin or fibronectin, 293 cell adhesion to vitronectin, IMR 32 cell adhesion to fibronectin and C32 cell adhesion to vitronectin; pentamidine failed to inhibit these interactions at doses as high as 1 mM. Resting platelets fixed in the presence of 1 mM RGDS had increased binding of fibrinogen, i.e., RGDS activated GPIIb/IIIa, while pentamidine at 100 microM had no effect. Similarly, RGDS induced the binding of an anti-LIBS monoclonal antibody, while pentamidine had no effect. Pentamidine partially, but significantly, inhibited lysosome and alpha-granule release induced by the thrombin agonist peptide, while RGDS had no effect. Neither pentamidine nor RGDS affected ADP-induced Ca2+ influx. Pentamidine had no effect on ADP-induced intracellular pH changes while RGDS prevented the pH from returning to normal. Thus, pentamidine is a non-peptide GPIIb/IIIa antagonist that is non-activating and is specific for GPIIb/IIIa.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Chilblain lupus erythematosus of Hutchinson responding to surgical treatment: a report of two patients with anti-Ro/SS-A antibodies.
We report two patients with chilblain lupus erythematosus of Hutchinson (CL) who responded to surgical treatment. One of them was a 72-year-old woman (case 1), and the other a 62-year-old man (case 2). We attempted to treat these patients by excising the lesions and subsequently performing full-thickness free skin grafting, using skin from the abdominal region. No recurrence was seen in the operated area 7 years (case 1) and 3 years (case 2) after surgery. However, lesions persisted in the areas not operated upon, and in the areas where lesions had not been adequately excised. These results suggest that surgical removal of local factors reduces the rash in these cases. In addition, both patients were serologically positive for the anti-Ro/SS-A antibody suggesting that local expression of the Ro/SS-A antigen may be involved in the pathogenesis of the skin lesions. To our knowledge, full thickness free skin grafting has not been used previously to treat CL-associated skin lesions, and is promising as a treatment for patients who do not respond to conventional means.
Aged↗
[Postoperative early complication of primary lung cancer].
We analyzed postoperative early complications of primary lung cancer in 321 cases during 1982 to 1993 in our hospital, and assessed the prevention and the treatment against these complications. In order of frequency the complications are, paroxymal supraventricular tachcarida (10.6%), atelectasis due to sputum (6.9%), pulmonary fistula for more than seven days (4.7%), hoarseness of voice due to recurrent nerve palsy (4.0%), chylothorax (2.5%), gastrointestinal tract complications (2.2%), reoperation due to massive bleeding (1.2%), wound dehiscence (0.9%), bronchial fistula (0.6%), rupture of ascending aorta (0.3%) and myocardial infarction (0.3%). The two cases of bronchial fistula after pneumonectomy, and one of myocardial infarction after lobectomy through the median approach died of early complications. The operative indication for primary lung cancer is extended to the patients with higher age and lower pulmonary function; so we should be careful for the pre and postoperative prevention and the rapid and appropriate treatment against these postoperative early complications.
Adult↗
Thoracoscopic treatment for spontaneous pneumothorax in patients over 50 years old: a comparison with younger patients.
The purpose of this study was to compare thoracoscopic treatment for spontaneous pneumothorax in patients over 50 years old (OG) and younger patients (YG). Thoracoscopic treatment was performed in both groups using the same patient selection criteria: persistence of an air leak after tube thoracostomy drainage, ipsilateral recurrence, and bilateral pneumothoraces. Thoracoscopic treatment was performed in nine older patients (OG) over a two-year period. Their ages ranged from 50 to 81 years (average: 66 years). The mean operative time, postoperative drainage period, and hospital stay after surgery were 120 min, 6.3 days, and 10.7 days, respectively. In the YG, these indices were 71 min, 1.5 days, and 5.3 days, respectively. Each factor was significantly prolonged in the OG (p < 0.05). However, there were no major perioperative complications or recurrences 3-24 months after surgery in either group. Thus, thoracoscopic surgery is also effective in the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax in patients over 50 years old.
Age Factors↗
[Percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma--study on its therapeutic effect in surgical cases].
Six patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were subjected to percutaneous microwave coagulation therapy (PMCT) by ultrasonic guiding. The size of the main tumor in the present cases was limited to not more than 2 cm. From 18 to 48 days after PMCT, each patient was subjected to surgery and pathological examination. By macroscopic observation, the PMCT area including both non-tumor and tumor regions looked yellowish white, and the boundary was clearly recognized. In the histological examination, the coagulation area surrounded by fibrous capsule was found, and deletion of nuclei and changes in stainability were observed in the marginal region. These changes indicated obvious coagulation necrosis, but the changes became less intense toward the center in the area, and in some portions, the tissue was indistinguishable from viable cells by light microscopy. In 2 cases out of the 6, part of the tumor remained outside the coagulation area. Since only the area determined by the microwave electrode is coagulated to cause necrosis on PMCT, sufficient safety margin should be required.
Aged↗
[A case of biloma treated with a expandable metallic stent].
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Aged↗
[A comparison of two delivery methods on the bronchodilator effects of beta 2-stimulant].
The airway response to a bronchodilator, salbutamol delivered by a new handy ultrasonic nebulizer and the compressed air nebulizer was studied in a blind manner. Patients by the ultrasonic nebulizer had better percent increase in FVC and FEV1 significantly and in other parameters showed a tendency to being better than those by the compressed air nebulizer. These results suggest that this ultrasonic nebulizer may be more useful than the compressed air nebulizer as inhalation therapy for bronchial asthma. This ultrasonic nebulizer has several advantages over the compressed air nebulizer. This nebulizer is compact size, light weight and has dry batteries as power source, making it more convenient for travel and use at workplace.
Administration, Inhalation↗
A highly repetitive sequence isolated from genomic DNA of the medaka (Oryzias latipes).
A highly repetitive interspersed DNA sequence (MRE) was isolated from the genome of medaka, Oryzias latipes, and characterized. Three distinct sequences of MRE were cloned and compared. The conserved sequences of MRE were approximately 220 bp in length. On average, one copy of MRE was present in every 153 kb, and the number of copies of MRE in the genome was calculated to be approximately 9800. MRE constituted approximately 0.14% of the genome. MRE-related sequences were not detected in carp (Cyprinus carpio) red-spot masu trout (Oncorhynchus masou macrostomus), masu salmon (Oncorhynchus masou masou), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), eel (Anguilla japonica), Arctic lamprey (Lampetera japonica), or yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata). MRE was randomly distributed in the medaka genome, indicating a high incidence of polymorphism in the five medaka inbred lines.
Animals↗