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Biomedical subjects

T Akamatsu

Publications and source records attributed to T Akamatsu.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus. Report of a case and its histochemical characterization.

A case of primary adenoid cystic carcinoma of the esophagus was reported. A 54-year-old male patient had a tumor in the middle third of the esophagus. Barium swallow and endoscopic examination showed a protruding tumor with a shallow ulceration in its vertex. Histological examination of the surgically removed material revealed that it was largely confined to the submucosal layer, with no metastasis to lymph nodes. The tumor cells presented three distinct patterns: globular nest with irregular cystic spaces, trabecular nest, and true tubule. Electron microscopic study revealed no microvilli or triad along cystic spaces in the globular nests. Histochemical study disclosed that cystic spaces and interstitium were rich in glycosaminoglycans. The luminal surface of the true tubules of the tumor, on the other hand, was characteristically lined by sialomucins. The trabecular type-nests differed from the globular nests in showing GSA-II reactivity and containing abundant retinol-binding protein. These results indicate that the three patterns represented different differentiations of the tumor cells. Twenty-three cases of esophageal adenoid cystic carcinoma were found in the literature from 1950 to 1983 and discussed collectively.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic↗
PubMed1986

[In vitro culture of mouse embryos for toxicological evaluation. (3): Effect of carcinogens on development of the embryos].

Mouse embryos were collected at the 2 cell or 8 cell stage. The embryos of each stage were exposed to 1 pM-10 nM 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO) or 1 nM-10 microM N-methyl-nitro-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) for 24 hr, and cultured to develop to blastocysts within clean medium. Since after exposure to 4-NQO, the appearance of early blastocysts and blastocysts were increased in exposure groups compared with controls, the growth to the 8 cell stage embryo (8-E) appeared to be late in development. Frequency of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and mitotic index were increased with doses in the blastocysts (2-B) which derived from 2-E. There was little change in the SCE and mitotic index for blastocysts (8-B) which derived from the 8 cell stage embryo (8-E). Cessation of development in the 2 cell stage embryo (2-E) appeared in the 10 microM group during the period of exposure to MNNG. Development to the 8-E stage appeared to be slightly late in the other exposed groups. Thereafter at 48 hr after the initiation of culture, the exposed groups appeared to be more advanced in development than the controls. After this period, developmental rates to blastocysts were increased in the 10-100 nM groups. It appeared that the development of these groups was more advanced. In 2-B after exposure to MNNG, cell counts were dose-responsively increased in the 1 and 10 nM groups. The mitotic index in the 1 to 100 nM groups was higher than the controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide↗
PubMed1986

[Toxicological evaluation of an in vitro culture of mouse embryos; effect of non-carcinogenic mutagens for the development of embryos].

Short term drug toxicities were investigated using cultures of mouse embryos in the early stage of development. These embryos were collected at the two- or eight-cell stage. They were exposed to bleomycin (B1) or 6-mercaptopurine (MP) for 24 hr, thereafter, they were grown in BMOC-3 medium without these agents until the blastocyst stage. Total culturing period was 72 hr for the two-cell embryos and 48 hr for the eight-cell embryos. At the end of the culture periods, the number of cells, mitotic index and frequencies of sister chromatid exchange in these embryos after these exposures were unaltered. However, the death rate of embryos was elevated by the exposure to either B1 or MP. These agents are regarded as non-carcinogenic mutagens; therefore, it is suggested that these compounds are lethal to the embryos through an induction of mutation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Mucosubstance histochemistry of the normal mucosa and carcinoma of the large intestine. Galactose oxidase-Schiff reaction and lectin stainings.

Thirty-four cases of carcinoma of the human large intestine were studied employing a battery of histochemical techniques to identify and characterize mucosubstances, including galactose oxidase-Schiff (GOS) reaction and stainings with horseradish peroxidase-labeled lectins. The results disclosed that the goblet cell-type mucin (GCM) of the left colon differed from that of the right colon in containing 8-O-acetylated N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) more abundantly and 8-O-acetylated NANA-(alpha Fuc)-beta Gal type terminal structures. The right colonic GCM, on the other hand, was shown to contain alpha Fuc-beta Gal type predominantly. Surface coat-type mucin (SCM) showed consistent histochemical reactivities regardless of the sites in the large intestine. The transitional mucosa surrounding carcinoma tissues characteristically revealed decreased sulfation and neuraminidase-induced GOS reactivity, suggesting the presence of NANA-beta Gal type terminals. The carcinoma tissues resembled the transitional mucosa in showing neuraminidase-induced GOS reactivity, but differed from the latter in possessing intense UEA-I reactivity. The present study indicated that the refined histochemical techniques recently developed were quite useful for understanding the histochemical reactivities correlating with sugar structures.

Carbohydrates↗
PubMed1985

Large bowel carcinoma-specific antigens detected by the lectin, Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin-II.

A lectin reactivity specific to human bowel carcinoma is reported. Twenty-six cases of carcinoma of the large intestine were examined. Normal as well as transitional mucosa and carcinoma tissues were removed from surgical specimens, and paraffin sections were stained with a battery of histochemical methods to characterize glycoconjugates, including high iron diamine-Alcian blue pH 2.5, modified PAS reaction to detect various sialic acids, paradoxical concanavalin A (Con A) staining, and stainings with 10 species of lectins labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Among the techniques employed, only Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin-II (GS-II, specific to glucosamine)-HRP staining revealed highly selective affinity to the carcinoma tissues; the apical surface of the carcinoma cells stained most intensely. GS-II reactivity of the cells persisted after prior periodate oxidation, but was significantly enhanced by neuraminidase digestion. Comparison with two other lectin stainings with the same sugar specificity, viz. paradoxical concanavalin A staining and wheat germ agglutinin (WGA)-HRP staining, showed that the GS-II reactive sites lacked class III Con A reactivity but were possibly included in WGA reactive sites. The GS-II-HRP staining should be helpful in the identification of carcinoma tissue and for analysis of carcinoma-associated antigens.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1985

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis and trichloroethylene exposure.

A case-control study was carried out to assess the association between pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) and working conditions, including occupational exposure to organic solvents. Thirteen patients with primary PCI were individually matched with controls by sex, age, and admission year. It was found that there was a close association between the development of primary PCI and occupational exposure to trichloroethylene (TCE). Twelve of 13 patients with PCI (92.3%) were found to have been exposed occupationally to TCE, and the healing and recurrence of PCI in these patients substantially paralleled the profile of their occupational exposure to TCE. Two pairs of patients with PCI had been working in the same factories, where they had degreased camera lenses with TCE. These results suggest that chronic exposure to TCE could be one of the etiological factors in PCI.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Selection methods in bacilli for recombinants and transformants of intra- and interspecific fused protoplasts.

The intraspecific fusion frequencies obtained with the direct selection method on a semi-synthetic regeneration medium between strains of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis were distributed from 9.9 X 10(-2) to 4.5 X 10(-3), which was one or two orders higher than those of interspecific recombinations between B. subtilis and B. licheniformis. The regeneration media were also useful for selecting interspecific transformants from plasmid carrier to noncarrier. This selection could be used as a primary selection method for inter- and intraspecific recombinants obtained by protoplast fusion.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1982

Raghib's syndrome: a report of two cases.

We treated two patients with a rare developmental complex. The persistent left superior vena cava draining into the left atrium (PLSVC into LA) was associated with an absent coronary sinus and an atrial septal defect. Ligation of PLSVC and patch-repair of the atrial septal defect were successfully performed in one stage. The atrial septal defect was located in the upper and posterior aspect of the interatrial septum and appeared to be an unique type of atrial septal defect. In the other patient, additional multiple cardiac defects were associated with this syndrome, including ventricular septal defect, pulmonary stenosis, tricuspid insufficiency, and complete transposition of the great arteries. Palliative Blalock procedure was used for this patient. The PLSVC into LA was discovered accidentally in both cases during heart catheterization and it was clearly demonstrated by venography. For a preoperative recognition of PLSVC, computed tomograms of the heart are of great assistance. Surgical correction of the persistent superior vena cava was emphasized for treatment of this syndrome.

Adult↗