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Biomedical subjects

T Adachi

Publications and source records attributed to T Adachi.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Multiple and tandemly arranged promoters of the cell wall protein gene operon in Bacillus brevis 47.

The genes encoding the major cell wall proteins, middle wall protein and outer wall protein, of Bacillus brevis 47 constitute a cotranscriptional unit (cwp [cell wall protein gene] operon). Primer extension assay of cwp operon transcripts showed the existence of six different 5' ends. This confirmed the results of the previous S1 nuclease protection assay and suggested the existence of several tandemly arranged promoters in the 5' region of the cwp operon. Promoter probe vectors carrying the Bacillus licheniformis alpha-amylase gene were constructed and used for deletion analysis of the 5' region. Three (P1, P2, and P3) of the six suggested promoters were shown to be located within three distinct fragments derived from the 5' region. The -35 and -10 regions of the P1 and P3 promoters resemble the consensus sequence recognized by the sigma-43-type RNA polymerase of Bacillus subtilis. The P2 promoter resembles only the consensus sequence in the -10 region. The P1 and P3 promoters were used to the same extents in Bacillus subtilis as in B. brevis, whereas the P2 promoter was used much less frequently in B. subtilis than in B. brevis. The P2 promoter is used constitutively in B. brevis 47 at all stages of growth, whereas P3 is used only at the exponential phase of growth. P2 could be a promoter of an unknown type that is preferentially used in B. brevis and might be responsible for the constitutive synthesis and secretion of the cell wall proteins into the medium at the stationary phase of growth.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

The effect of inotropic dose of dobutamine during reperfusion on myocardial infarct size.

We examined whether dobutamine infusion during reperfusion modifies myocardial infarct size in a rabbit ischemia-reperfusion model. Prior to the infarct size study, the hemodynamic response to dobutamine 5, 10, and 15 micrograms/kg/min i.v. was evaluated in the rabbit model. Ten micrograms/kg/min of dobutamine increased the left ventricular dp/dt max by 34.0 +/- 4.9% (n = 7) and the myocardial blood flow from 0.86 +/- 0.16 to 2.19 +/- 0.57 ml/min/g without change in the collateral blood flow (n = 4). The heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were elevated by only 4.7 +/- 1.0%, 9.4 +/- 3.0%, and 8.0 +/- 3.7%, respectively (n = 7). In the infarct size study, a coronary branch was occluded for 30 min and then reperfused. Seventy-two hours after reperfusion, the myocardium supplied by the occluded artery (area at risk, AAR) and the infarcted area were determined by fluorescent particles and histology (hematoxylin-eosin and modified Mallory's staining), respectively. In the dobutamine treated group (DB group), 10 micrograms/kg/min of dobutamine were infused for 30 min starting immediately after reperfusion, and a comparable volume of saline was infused in the control group. Hemodynamic parameters and the size of AAR were comparable in the control and DB groups. Myocardial infarct size, expressed as the percentage of AAR, was 45.1 +/- 3.9% in the control (n = 11) and 40.2 +/- 2.4% in the DB group (n = 10), which was not significantly different. These findings indicated that the inotropic dose of dobutamine administered during reperfusion did not cause myocardial necrosis by disturbing the recovery process of the myocardium from ischemic injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Human superoxide dismutase failed to limit the size of myocardial infarct after 20-, 30-, or 60-minute ischemia and 72-hour reperfusion in the rabbit.

The effect of superoxide dismutase (SOD) on the size of the myocardial infarct resulting from various durations of ischemia and a 72-hour reperfusion was examined in the rabbit. A coronary branch of the circumflex artery was occluded for 20, 30, or 60 min and then reperfused. Seventy-two hours after the coronary occlusion, the infarct size and the size of the area at risk (vascular bed of occluded coronary artery) were determined by histology (hematoxylin-eosin and Mallory's staining) and by fluorescent particles, respectively. Human SOD (45,000 units/kg) was injected intravenously as a bolus in SOD-treated rabbits, while only saline was administered to control rabbits. The percentage of the area at risk which actually infarcted (%I/AAR) was 25.5 +/- 12.9% (mean +/- S.D.) in the 20-min ischemia control group (n = 9), 19.7 +/- 10.2% in the 20-min ischemia SOD group (n = 9), 44.8 +/- 9.0% in the 30-min ischemia control group (n = 9), 41.0 +/- 6.3% in the 30-min ischemia SOD group (n = 9), 74.2 +/- 13.8% in the 60-min ischemia control group (n = 9), and 76.6 +/- 8.2% in the 60-min ischemia SOD group (n = 7). The %I/AAR was not significantly different between the control and SOD groups for any duration of ischemia. Heart rate, blood pressure, and the size of area at risk were comparable in all six groups. These findings suggested that oxygen-free radicals produced during initial moments of reperfusion were unlikely to contribute to myocardial necrosis regardless of the duration of ischemia in the rabbit.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Effects of dibutyryl cyclic AMP on oocyte maturation and ovulation in the perfused rabbit ovary.

The involvement of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in mammalian oocyte maturation was assessed using cultures of rabbit cumulus-oocyte complexes and in-vitro perfused rabbit ovaries. Rabbit cumulus-oocyte complexes were cultured in Brackett's medium with or without dibutyryl cyclic AMP [Bu)2cAMP) at 10(-3), 10(-4) or 10(-5) M for 4-12 h. At 4 h spontaneous meiotic maturation was significantly inhibited by (Bu)2cAMP (P less than 0.025). With prolonged incubation, spontaneous maturation progressed despite exposure to (Bu)2cAMP. When ovaries were continuously perfused in vitro for 12 h with (Bu)2cAMP (10(-3) M) or medium alone, (Bu)2cAMP stimulated ovarian progesterone production, but did not affect ovulation or maturation of follicular oocytes. When ovaries were perfused in vitro with or without (Bu)2cAMP (10(-3), 10(-4) or 10(-5) M) for the first 2 h and then transferred to medium without (Bu)2cAMP for an additional 10 h, ovulation did not occur, but transient exposure to (Bu)2cAMP stimulated a dose-related increase in maturation of follicular oocytes. Degeneration of follicle-enclosed oocytes and cumulus-oocyte complexes was not affected by exposure to (Bu)2cAMP. These results suggest that transient, but not continuous, elevation of cAMP after the gonadotrophin surge may be required for the initiation of oocyte maturation.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Progression of myocardial infarction in a collateral flow deficient species.

The effect of a varying period of ischemia on the development of myocardial infarction was investigated in the rabbit. Radiomicrosphere measurements confirmed that the collateral blood flow is almost zero (0.02 +/- 0.01 ml/min/g) and without a significant transmural gradient in the rabbit heart (n = 15). A coronary branch of the left circumflex artery was occluded for 5, 10, 15, 30 or 60 min and then reperfused. The coronary branch was occluded permanently in another group of rabbits. Three days after the coronary occlusion, the infarct size was determined by hematoxylin-eosin and Mallory's staining and the ischemic zone size was determined by fluorescent particles. The results showed that the percentage of the ischemic zone infarcted (% infarction) vs the log of duration of ischemia yielded a sigmoid curve which could be linearized by probit analysis: Probits of % infarction = 3.05 x log (ischemic duration in minutes) + 0.33, r = 0.83, p less than 0.01. The regression equation indicated that 50% of the ischemic myocytes necrotized after 34 min of coronary artery occlusion. Unlike in the dog heart, the infarct of the rabbit heart first appears in the midmyocardium and then progresses towards both the endocardium and epicardium.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazyl sulfenamide (CBS), a vulcanizing accelerator, in rats].

Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion were studied in rats following a single oral administration of N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazyl sulfenamide (CBS) at a dose of 250 mg/kg. About 65% and 24% of the dose were excreted into urine and feces, respectively, for 3 days after administration of labeled CBS (cyclohexyl-14C). Biliary excretion amounted to about 5% of the dose for 3 days. While about 92% of the dose was recovered in urine and feces at a ratio of 1:1 within 3 days when 14C-2CBS was given. No specific organ-affinity was observed in distribution study. Cyclohexylamine and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole were identified as urinary metabolites.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in tissues of various human urogenital organs].

The urinary level of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) was reported to be a useful marker for the assessment of renal function. This enzyme was also detected at a high activity in seminal fluid. In our preliminary report, seminal NAG activity was 1,000 times higher than urinary NAG level in healthy volunteers. Moreover, the fraction ratio A to B isozymes was changed in seminal fluid independently from that in urine. In order to study the source of seminal NAG, NAG activity and the isozyme fraction were determined in the tissues of the genital organs (prostate, testis, epididymis, and seminal vesicle) as well as the urinary organ (kidney). Various levels of NAG activities were obtained, the mean tissue concentration (Unit/g protein) being 26.7 +/- 2.4, 4.3 +/- 30.5, and 8.75 +/- 0.72 unit/g, respectively, in the testis, epididymis and seminal vesicle. In particular the mean concentration of 97.7 +/- 23.3 was significantly high in the prostate. In regard to the isozyme fraction of NAG, B fraction (%) accounted for 15.1 +/- 5.5, 33.6 +/- 8.2, 37.7 +/- 0.1, and 70.6 +/- 4.5 percent, respectively, in the testis, epididymis, seminal vesicle and prostate. It was to note that the A to B fraction ratio in the prostate corresponded to that in the seminal fluid. These results suggest that seminal NAG is mainly from the prostate.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1989

Myrocin C, a new diterpene antitumor antibiotic from Myrothecium verrucaria. II. Physico-chemical properties and structure determination.

The structure of a new antitumor antibiotic, myrocin C, from a strain of Myrothecium verrucaria was characterized as a pentacyclic pimarane diterpene composed of a gamma-lactol group and a unique cyclopropane ring on the basis of its physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic data as well as a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of its monoacetyl derivative.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1989

[Case of sialolithiasis with severe fatty change of the submandibular salivary gland].

We encountered a 57-year-old female with sialolithiasis associated with severe fatty change in the submandibular salivary gland. The submandibular salivary gland was removed under general anesthesia, and the postoperative course was uneventful. Histopathological changes observed in submandibular salivary glands with sialoliths are mainly inflammatory cell infiltration or connective tissue infiltration. On the other hand, increase in fat cells with age has been reported, but these age-related fatty changes are not severe. It was considered that the cause of the fatty change in this case was related to anoxia, which increased with long-term stasis of the duct system that was brought on by the development of the sialolith.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1989

[A case of transitional cell carcinoma in a pyelocaliceal diverticulum].

A 63-year-old man visited our hospital because of painless macrohematuria. Drip infusion pyelography and retrograde pyelography revealed a space-occupying lesion with extravasation of contrast medium to upper caliceal system. A computed tomographic study revealed an intrarenal solid moiety and further more, arteriography showed the arterial encasement and fine neovascularity of the lesion. On gross section of the extirpated kidney, a cystic cavity measuring 3 by 3 cm existed at the upper pole and apparently channeled to the upper caliceal system. Small stones were found in the cystic cavity. Histopathologically, the wall of the cavity was covered with layered squamous cells and a part of the wall developed metaplasic transitional cell carcinoma proliferation which invaded into the renal parenchyma and renal pelvis, as well.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluations of surgical treatment of infective endocarditis].

This paper shows the clinical evaluations of surgical and medical treatment of infective endocarditis (IE). IE occurred in 33 cases (10.1%) among 372 cases of valve replacement. Of all the 33 patients, IE was consisted of native valve endocarditis (NVE) and prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE). IE was evaluated as for the microorganism, complication, operative indication and operative mortality. At first, all of NVE underwent surgical treatment, active phase endocarditis 4 and healed endocarditis 14. Microorganism was streptococcus aureus in an overwhelming majority. Operative indications was congestive heart failure in almost all cases, next to vegetation and infection resistant to medical treatment. Operative mortality was 5.6% (1 out of 18 cases), which case was in the septic shock and cerebral bleeding prior to the surgical treatment. The others was satisfactory condition postoperatively. Next of PVE, PVE happened in 15 cases, in which there were 5 cases of bioprosthetic PVE and 10 cases of mechanical valve PVE. Microorganism for PVE was staphylococcus epidermidis in the major part (60%). Mortality in PVE was 53.3% (8 out of 15), but mechanical valve PVE was worse in prognosis than bioprosthetic PVE. Cerebral complications occurred in 3 cases of mechanical valve PVE, on the other hand there was no cerebral complication in bioprosthetic PVE. As for the hemodynamic change in PVE, mechanical valve PVE had the tendency to take the prompt or sudden deterioration of hemodynamics caused by endocarditis surrounding the suture ring, especially in mitral position, on the contrary hemodynamic deterioration was gradually proceeded in bioprosthetic PVE. UCG made much of the diagnosis of PVE, especially in mechanical valve PVE, in which cases endocarditis was recognized only surrounding the suture ring. PVE takes the miserable outcome in many cases, so carefully observation is necessary in order not to lose the timing of the surgical treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The role of drugs and lymphocytes in granulocyte-macrophage colony formation in patients with drug induced agranulocytosis].

The in vitro effects of the causative drugs and lymphocytes from the patients with agranulocytosis were tested against granulocyte-macrophage colony formation (CFU-C) of bone marrow cells from normal individuals and the patients in recovery stage. A semisolid culture system was used for CFU-C assay. The drug concentrations were adjusted to the therapeutic levels in sera, and the lymphocytes were obtained from the patient's peripheral blood. Three patients with agranulocytosis and one patient with pancytopenia caused by disopyramide, methimazole, sodium valproate, and Towasaal, respectively, were examined. Each of the four drugs except disopyramide suppressed the CFU-C of normal and patient's bone marrow cells in a dose-dependent manner. When the patient's bone marrow cells were cultured with respective drugs and their own lymphocytes or with the culture supernatant of the drug and lymphocytes, CFU-C suppressions was significantly augmented. Phenacetin, an agent of Towasaal, significantly suppressed CFU-C and also CFU-E. These results indicate that humoral factor(s) produced from patient's lymphocytes by reacting with the drugs may function as an immunological mechanism in the patients with drug-induced agranulocytosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The determinant factors for open heart surgery with non-blood transfusion--analysis by quantitative theory class II].

The serious complications in the field of cardiovascular surgery are the blood transfusion related problems such as post transfusion hepatitis, AIDS, GVHD and immunosuppressed conditions. These problems have not been settled so far. In our department, open heart surgery with non-blood transfusion is the final goal and extracorporeal circulation with non-blood priming has been indicated under normal conditions. However depending on the cases, blood transfusion is definitely required. Under such circumstances, we analyzed the determinant factors as to whether open heart surgery with non-blood transfusion may be indicated or not, according to the formula based on the quantitative theory (class II). Extracorporeal circulation with non-blood priming were indicated on 124 patients in our department, and they were divided into two groups; blood transfusion group (group I): 64 patients, and non-blood transfusion group (group II): 60 patients. These two groups were compared for study in terms of age, preoperative weight, the body surface area, preoperative Ht value, calculated Ht value at the start of extracorporeal circulation, the aortic cross-clamping time, the total extracorporeal circulation time and total bleeding amount. The following are described in the order of importance. 1) Calculated Ht value: more than 30%. 2) The amount of blood loss after ECC is removed: less than 500 ml. 3) Preoperative body weight: more than 50 kg. 4) Preoperative Ht value: more than 40%. 5) The total ECC time: less than 90 min. In addition, prospective factors which should be considered preoperatively are determined in the following orders. 1) Calculated Ht value. 2) Preoperative Ht value. 3) Preoperative body weight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Transfusion↗
PubMed1989

[A comment on optimal shaped prosthesis for tricuspid valve using an experimental model].

The prosthesis for mitral valve has been in use instead of the prosthesis for tricuspid valve, since the latter prosthesis has not at present been available. In view of the shape of tricuspid valve, which is essentially flat in form, it is not good for replacing with the prosthesis for mitral valve which has an almost circular shape because of the difficulties in suturing, and many criticisms on this substitution have been raised. In order to obtain more suitable prosthesis as exactly benefits TVR, we have developed at first an instrument indicating the change of cardiac function occurring in the course of fixing the annulus of tricuspid valve that would undergo the difference in shape from circular to flat, using experimental models throughout, which has eventually led to the exploration of the possible exact shape of a prosthesis of the annulus for tricuspid valve. Our series of experiments proved as conclusion that the annulus of tricuspid valve is more advantageous when fixed with an ellipse of a flattened rate 1.6 compared with any circular ones tested. In view of the left ventricular stroke work, it is apparent that a prosthesis for mitral valve which is circular in shape should not be applied. We emphasize that a prosthesis for tricuspid valve which is ellipse in shape with desired flattened rate of 1.6 should be developed for our future applications.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Chemotherapy of chronic myelogenous leukemia--VP(M) regimen initiated during its chronic phase, and evaluation of MCNU in the phase of blastic crisis].

Seventy-four patients in the chronic phase of Ph1-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) have been treated with busulfan or other alkylating agents in a conventional way. During its chronic phase, 24 of these 74 cases had received additional intermittent therapy every 4 to 6 months, consisting of vincristine 2 mg or vindesine 3 mg per week, prednisolone 20-30 mg per day and partly 6 mercaptopurine 50 to 100 mg, combined with allopurinol 200 to 300 mg per day for 2 to 3 weeks. The 50% survival of these patients using the Kaplan-Meier's method was 73.7 months and 5-year survival was 69.6%, against 40.5 months and 14.4%, respectively, in the remaining patients. Nine patients in the blastic or accelerated phase of Ph1-positive CML have been treated with new regimens including MCNU. All cases had been refractory for usual types of induction chemotherapy. The new regimen consisted of MCNU 50-100 mg, combined with vindesine or 6-MP plus allopurinol or prednisolone. Five out of 9 cases attained complete remission and 1 partial remission. The major adverse effect of this regimen was slight liver damage. MCNU could be regarded as an useful agent in the blastic phase as well as in the chronic phase of CML.

Adolescent↗