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T Adachi

Publications and source records attributed to T Adachi.

At least 433 records · Page 24Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Use of both translation initiation sites of the middle wall protein gene in Bacillus brevis 47.

The middle wall protein gene of Bacillus brevis 47 has two potential translation initiation sites located tandemly in the same reading frame. We demonstrate here that both sites are utilized to start translation in B. brevis 47. Translation from the first site (located upstream) gives rise to a precursor of the middle wall protein with an extension peptide of 31 amino acids preceding the signal peptide. The precursor was cleaved at the same position as that of the precursor translated from the second site. The TTG codon seems to play an appreciable role in the initiation of translation in B. brevis 47.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1990

Plasma levels of insulin-like growth factor-I and its binding protein in polycystic ovary syndrome.

Patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) had significantly higher levels of total insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) than those in age- and weight-matched controls (PCOS, 230 +/- 21 ng/ml; control, 180 +/- 16 ng/ml; mean +/- SE, p less than 0.05) as well as free IGF-I (PCOS, 3.8 +/- 0.2 ng/ml; control, 3.0 +/- 0.2 ng/ml; p less than 0.05). These elevated levels of IGF-I were correlated slightly with levels of LH and LH/FSH ratio (r = 0.171, p less than 0.05 and r = 0.239, p less than 0.01, respectively). Elevated fasting levels of insulin and decreased levels of IGF binding protein (32K-BP) were also observed in PCOS, and the levels of 32K-BP in PCOS were negatively correlated with insulin (r = -0.39, p less than 0.01). These results suggest that elevated IGF-I levels and decreased 32K-BP levels in the circulation are one of the endocrinological features of PCOS and that insulin is responsible for the clinical manifestation of decreased 32K-BP levels in PCOS.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Chemical modification of erythromycins. II. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of O-alkyl derivatives of erythromycin A.

A series of O-alkyl erythromycin A derivatives have been synthesized and their antibacterial activities compared with those of erythromycin A (1) and 6-O-methylerythromycin A (3). Methylation of the hydroxyl groups of erythromycin A analogue proceeded stepwise by the two main pathways beginning at the C-6 and C-11 positions, individually. O-Alkylation, other than methylation, took place at the C-11 hydroxyl group exclusively. Among O-alkyl derivatives, 6,12-di-O-methylerythromycin A (5) showed comparable in vitro antibacterial activity to those of 1 and 3. 11-O-Methylerythromycin A (8) was slightly less active than 1. O-Methylation at the C-4" position resulted in a decrease of antibacterial activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Three patients who spontaneously developed persistent hypothyroidism during or following treatment with antithyroid drugs for Graves' hyperthyroidism.

Three patients with Graves' disease who spontaneously developed hypothyroidism after treatment with antithyroid drugs are described herein. Patient 1 developed a painful tender thyroid enlargement with a fever and accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate when she was receiving maintenance therapy with methimazole, and she progressed to persistent hypothyroidism with increased titers of antithyroglobulin and antimicrosomal antibodies and marked reduction of goiter size within the subsequent 2 months. Thyroid-stimulating hormone-binding inhibitory immunoglobulins (TBIIs) and thyroid stimulation-blocking antibody (TSBAb) were absent when she was hypothyroid. Hypothyroidism probably resulted from autoimmune thyroid destruction due to subacute aggravation of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. During the clinical course of patient 2, accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and later transient increases of antimicrosomal and antithyroglobulin antibody titers were observed repeatedly (four times), and she finally fell into overt hypothyroidism. She also had negative results of tests for TBII and TSBAb. Her hypothyroidism appeared to result from repeated thyroid destruction due to aggravation of Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Patient 3 fell into hypothyroidism when receiving a small dosage of methimazole. The TBII and TSBAb were strongly active when she developed hypothyroidism, which thus seemed to be due to blocking antibody. Patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism may eventually progress to hypothyroidism later by several different mechanisms. Severe and sudden or slowly repeated thyroid destruction due to aggravation of Hashimoto's thyroiditis is one mechanism. Another may be the appearance of a blocking antibody to the TSH receptor.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Detection of endotoxin antibody in long-term dialysis patients.

Endotoxins are often seen in dialysate. They are derived from Gram-negative bacteria especially Pseudomonas, E. coli and Serratia. Endotoxins are large-molecular-weight substances with an average molecular weight of 10(8). These large units can be divided into subunits down to a molecular weight of 10,000 which are thought to pass through dialyzer membranes. To investigate this, endotoxin antibody levels were measured in two groups of patients on chronic regular hemodialysis, a low-flux group using cellulosic membrane dialyzers (cuprophan and cuproammonium rayon (CAR) and a high-flux group using synthetic polymer membrane dialyzers (PMMA, EVAL). Using an ELISA based on standard endotoxin antibodies the percentages of patients in the low flux group with endotoxin antibodies were 26.9% with Cuprophan and 25% with CAR, not significantly different from a normal control group. In the PMMA and EVAL groups, it was 53.6% and 68.4% respectively. Back filtration of dialysate into blood is understood as the main reason for the entry of endotoxin in patients treated with high-flux dialyzers.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1990

Fusion of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells by HVJ (Sendai virus): absence of direct association of virus particles with the site of membrane fusion.

The process of cell fusion of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells by HVJ (Sendai virus) was investigated to determine whether the HVJ particles were directly associated with the site of membrane fusion. Confluent monolayer cultures of MDCK cells are sealed together by tight junctions on the apices of their lateral membranes, so added virus particles can be adsorbed only to the apical surfaces of the cells. After incubation with HVJ at 37 degrees C for 30 min, the cells still appeared mononucleate and unfused by light microscopy, but electron microscopic examination showed that fusion at the lateral membranes had occurred below the tight junctions. Furthermore, when fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled macromolecules, which cannot pass across the gap junctions, were injected into the cells at this stage, labeled macromolecules were found to diffuse into the adjacent cells. These findings strongly suggest that cell fusion was initiated in the lateral membrane, a region distinct from the site of adsorbed HVJ particles. Thus, the virus particles were not directly associated with the fusion site, but induced fusion of the lateral membranes indirectly.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[Management and prognosis of patients with early colorectal cancer].

The controversy remains as to the management of patients with early colorectal cancer, especially criteria for subsequent surgical resection. However, all authors agree that residual carcinoma and lymph node metastasis closely affect survival of the patients. In this paper, we estimated the risk factor for local residual carcinoma or lymph node metastasis in early cancer, and wish to report the experience with particular reference to the management and prognosis of patients with invasive carcinoma. Subsequent surgery was indicated when the removed material showed at least one of the following findings: carcinoma near the surgical margin, massive invasion, vessel invasion and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. Patients without risk factors were adequately treated by polypectomy alone. Thirty-three percent of the patients with risk factors had residual carcinoma. We decided that massive invasion and carcinoma near the surgical margin were true risk factors for residual carcinoma. Only one patient with risk factors had lymph node metastasis. It is difficult to estimate the true risk of lymph node metastasis and further study is needed.

Colonic Polyps↗
PubMed1990

[A case of mitral regurgitation caused by necrosis and total rupture of the papillary muscle].

Mitral regurgitation (MR) caused by total rupture of the papillary muscle has so ominous prognosis that it is treated by surgery exceedingly rarely. We recently experienced a case of MR caused by total rupture of the posterior papillary muscle that had presumably occurred after myocardial infarction. The patient was a 52-year-old male who was admitted to a hospital with liver dysfunction where he was noticed for the first time of his having cardiac murmurs and was diagnosed as having MR on the basis of echocardiography. With this diagnosis he was transferred to our department. Examination on admission revealed the patient to have an NYHA class III mitral incompetence with ECG evidence of old posteroinferior myocardial infarction. Cardiac catheterization demonstrated total occlusion of the segment 1 of the right coronary artery and MR, Sellers III. Abnormal echoes were noted in the left ventricle that moved almost synchronously with the posterior leaflet of the mitral valve, a finding leading to a suspected diagnosis of rupture of the posterior papillary muscle or chordae tendineae. Intraoperative findings were confirmative of total rupture of the posterior papillary muscle and mitral valve replacement was performed using a SJM prosthetic valve. Histological examination of the ruptured muscle revealed presence of necrosis, but no other specific inflammatory changes. Documented cases of surgically treated total papillary muscle rupture are quite limited in number, the present case being the 4th to be reported in Japan.

Heart Rupture↗
PubMed1990

[A case of constrictive pericarditis due to traumatic pericardial hematoma].

Although the cause varies widely, we recently experienced a case of constrictive pericarditis of which cause seemed to be traumatic as described below. The patient was a 62-year-old man having a history of epigastric trauma about 20 years ago. Since then, palpitation appeared and he was recently hospitalized in our department for the purpose of receiving an operation under the diagnosis of constrictive pericarditis. At operation, a hematoma was found in the pericardial region, which was considered to have been caused by trauma in the past. Less reports have so far been available concerning trauma-induced constrictive pericarditis and this case thus seemed to be of rarity as well.

Constriction, Pathologic↗
PubMed1990

[Renal function of ectopic ureteral opening repaired by ureterocystoneostomy].

Two girls (4 and 3-year old) visited our out-patient service complaining of daytime and nighttime enuresis. Both were diagnosed as ectopic ureteral opening to the vagina with a concomitant dysplastic kidney on the left side. These anomalies were repaired by ureterocystoneostomy according to a modified Grégoir's method. In the first case, three months later, DIP visualized left upper urinary tract which had not been seen before, but enhanced CT scan, renogram and scintigraphy with Tc-DMSA showed no change. In the second case, three years later, examination results were the same as in the first case. There was no renal development. Surgical repair of ureterocystoneostomy was valuable, with small surgical damage and cosmetic merit for the girls. Furthermore, renal function will be maintained at the same level or slightly higher than that before the operation.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1990

[A study of tricuspid-tailoring annular constriction in autopsy cases--cases which appear to embody limitation of tricuspid-tailoring annular constriction].

We our department have performed tricuspid-tailoring annular constriction (T-TAC) as salvage operation for secondary tricuspid regurgitation (TR) with gratifying results. Of those cases undergoing MVR and T-TAC for mitral valve regurgitation (MR) and secondary TR with an associated severe cardiac cachexia, 2 autopsy cases in which an associated severe cardiac cachexia, 2 autopsy cases in which residual tricuspid regurgitation culminated in patient's death long after operation were investigated. In Case 1, the patient was discharged asymptomatic 2 months after operation, but later developed severe left heart failure and marked tricuspid regurgitation as precipitated by upper respiratory tract infection and died from exacerbation of LOS before undergoing a scheduled reoperation. T-TAC was found successful on autopsy. In Case 2, the patient died of long-persisting left heart failure and severe residual tricuspid regurgitation after following a similar postoperative course to that in Case 1. On autopsy stitches made through the tricuspid anterior leaflet, septum and posterior leaflet were found untied and loosened and the tricuspid annulus diameter increased. In severe valvular heart disease, even if T-TAC has proven successful, aggravation of cardiac failure may lead to the development of TR. Because of the fragility of myocardial tissue due to severe myocardial damage in such compromised patients, sophisticated operative techniques need to be devised. Cases illustrative of a limited long-term success of T-TAC used alone are presented.

Constriction↗
PubMed1989

Co-induction by peroxisome proliferators of microsomal 1-acylglycerophosphocholine acyltransferase with peroxisomal beta-oxidation in rat liver.

Administration of clofibric acid, 2,2'-(decamethylenedithio)diethanol, di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate or perfluorooctanoic acid to male rates increased markedly microsomal 1-acylglycerophosphocholine (a-acyl-GPC) acyltransferase in a dose-dependent manner in liver. Simultaneous administration of actinomycin D or cycloheximide completely abolished the increase in the enzyme activity. The treatment of rats with clofibric acid did not affect the rate of decay of 1-acyl-GPC acyltransferase. Regardless of a great difference in the chemical structures of the peroxisome proliferators, high correlation was observed between the induced activities of microsomal 1-acyl-GPC acyltransferase and peroxisomal beta-oxidation. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase was induced by peroxisome proliferators in a dose-dependent manner; nevertheless, high correlation was not seen between the induced activities of desaturase and peroxisomal beta-oxidation. Hormonal (adrenalectomy, diabetes, hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism) and nutritional (starvation, starvation-refeeding, fat-free diet feeding and high-fat diet feeding) alterations hardly affected the activity of 1-acyl-GPC acyltransferase. The present results indicate that microsomal 1-acyl-GPC acyltransferase is a useful parameter responsive to the challenges by peroxisome proliferators and suggest that a similar regulatory mechanism operates for the inductions of microsomal 1-acyl-GPC acyltransferase and peroxisomal beta-oxidation.

1-Acylglycerophosphocholine O-Acyltransferase↗
PubMed1989

Beta 2-microglobulin decrease in cerebrospinal fluid from parkinsonian patients.

A sandwich enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was established by using purified beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2-MG) as a standard protein and a polyclonal antibody raised against human beta 2-MG. The EIA was applied for the measurement of beta 2-MG levels in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from parkinsonian patients and control patients devoid of neurological diseases. beta 2-MG contents in CSF of the control group and the parkinsonian group were 1.81 +/- 0.11 micrograms/ml CSF and 0.63 +/- 0.09 microgram/ml CSF, respectively. Thus, beta 2-MG content in CSF was reduced in parkinsonian patients to less than 35% of the control value (P less than 0.005). We had previously reported that the activity and content of dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) were decreased in CSF from parkinsonian patients. A significant positive correlation (r = 0.87) was observed between the beta 2-MG content and DBH activity for CSF from 45 patients. These results suggest a probable link between an immunological change and the changes in catecholaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Interactions between human extracellular superoxide dismutase C and sulfated polysaccharides.

The high heparin affinity subtype C of the secretory enzyme extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) exists in the body mainly complexed with extracellular sulfated glycosaminoglycans (SGAGs). Addition of sulfated polysaccharides to EC-SOD C resulted in a prompt partial inhibition of the enzymic activity, in most cases amounting to 10-17%, but with the large dextran sulfate 500,000 amounting to 35%. Complex formation between heparin and EC-SOD C could also be observed as increases in apparent molecular weight of the enzyme. The findings suggest that the binding sites for SGAGs on EC-SOD C are localized far from the active site and that EC-SOD in vivo associated with SGAGs should retain the major part of its enzymic activity. Studies with amino acid-specific reagents suggested that both lysine and arginine residues are involved in the binding of SGAGs. In particular, modification of only a few lysine residues/subunit resulted in loss of high SGAG affinity, whereas arginine modification resulted in loss of not only SGAG affinity but also enzymic activity. We propose that this is due to modification of Arg-186, which is homologous to the highly conserved arginine in the entrance to the active site of the copperzinc-SODs.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

cDNA structure and expression of bombyxin, an insulin-like brain secretory peptide of the silkmoth Bombyx mori.

Bombyxin, previously referred to as 4K-prothoracicotropic hormone, is a brain peptide of the silkmoth Bombyx mori, the amino acid sequence of which shows considerable homology with vertebrate insulin family peptides. Two independent clones have been isolated from a Bombyx larval brain cDNA library by using a synthetic oligonucleotide probe, one with the complete coding region for preprobombyxin (lambda Bb360) and the other covering the coding region, possibly for bombyxin, only partially (lambda Bb204). lambda Bb360 encodes preprobombyxin in the order of prepeptide/B-chain/proteolytic cleavage signal/C-peptide/proteolytic cleavage signal/A-chain. This domain organization of preprobombyxin is the same as that of preproinsulins, suggesting that the tertiary structure and posttranslational modification mechanism are conserved through the evolution of bombyxin and insulin. Genomic Southern hybridization analyses using this cDNA as probe suggest that the Bombyx genome contains multiple copies of bombyxin gene. Northern hybridization analyses indicate that the concentration of lambda Bb360-type bombyxin mRNA in the bombyxin-producing cells is remarkably high (2.8 x 10(9) molecules/micrograms of total RNA), without undergoing appreciable change during larval-pupal development.

Amino Acid Sequence↗