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Biomedical subjects

S Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to S Zhang.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[The standard for electronic data exchange in healthcare environments--HL7].

With the development of HIS/RIS(Hospital/Radiology Information System), it is very important to study the HL7(Health Level Seven) Standard for electronic data exchange in healthcare environments. Firstly, in this paper, the history, development goal and conceptions of HL7 are introduced. Secondly, its applications and auto-realization technologies are presented. Then, the problems which exist in the standard and the difficulties of HL7 in China are analyzed. Finally, some helpful suggestions about the development of HL7 in China are proposed.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2001

[Changes in erythrocyte rheologic properties after mild burn injury].

The changes in erythrocyte deformability and osmotic fragility were studied with an animal model of mild burn injury. The results showed that after the burn injury there was a gradual decrease with time at first and then a recovery in erythrocyte deformability. Maximum deformation index [(DI)max], integration deformation index (IDI) and osmotic fragility of RBCs drawn just after burn were almost identical to those before burn injury. (DI)max and IDI significantly decreased at 1, 2 h but not at 4, 7 h when compared with those before burn injury, however, the RBCs were less deformable at 4, 7 h. Erythrocyte osmotic fragility significantly increased only at 4 h after burn injury when compared at the time points of 0, 1, 2, 4, 7 h after burn with that before burn injury. The results indicated that the lesion in (DI)max and IDI, and the increase in osmotic fragility might be only related to the body fluid factors in this animal model. The decrease in erythrocyte deformability and the increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility did not synchronize, suggesting that the changes might come about not by the same mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Pharmacognostical studies on cortex Indigoferae Pseudotinctoriae].

This paper reported the studies on descriptions, microscopical characteristics of cross section and podwer, chemical examination and TLC of Cortex indigoferae pseudotinctoriae. These studies provided referential information for clinics, quality control, development and identification of this crude drug.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal↗
PubMed2001

Single-cell dissection and microdroplet chemistry.

The unique roles of individual cells may be critical to the physiology of an organism. In such cases, micromethods are essential to elucidating the molecular biology, biochemistry and biophysics of the specialized cells or even subcellular compartments of the important cells. The great proliferation of micromethods testifies to their value and no single review can be comprehensive. This review therefore provides only a generalized overview of one approach, namely dissection that provides a pure sample for subsequent extraction and analysis by microdroplet chemistry. As a means of illustrating the utility of this approach, an application-study of the interaction of cytosolic malate concentration and guard-cell phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase-is provided.

Cell Compartmentation↗
PubMed2001

[Reduction of FHIT gene expression in primary lung cancer: relationship with the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cell].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of FHIT(fragile histidine triad) gene in oncogenesis and progression of human lung cancer and explore the relationship of FHIT gene expression with the proliferation and apoptosis of tumor cells. METHODS: The expression of FHIT gene and that of Ki-67 were detected in 166 lung cancer samples and 37 lung benign lesion tissues as control by immunohistochemistry, and the apoptotic level of tumor cell was detected by terminal deoxynucl neotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end labelling(TUNEL). RESULTS: (1)The expression level of FHIT gene was found to be significantly lower in lung cancer tissues than in benign lesion tissues (P<0.01); (2)The expression level of FHIT gene was closely related to histological classification, cancer cell differentiation, P-TNM stages and lymph node involvement in lung cancer patients (P<0.05); (3)Lasting and heavy smoking might be one of the important reasons of reduction of FHIT gene expression in lung cancer patients; (4)The postoperative survival time of patients in high FHIT expression group was significantly longer than those in low expression group (P<0.05); (5)The reduction of FHIT gene expression might be related with the over-proliferation and suppression of apoptosis of lung cancer cell(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: FHIT gene may play a role in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis of lung cancer cell. And reduction of FHIT gene expression may be related to the pathogenesis and development of lung cancer.

Acid Anhydride Hydrolases↗
PubMed2001

[The expression of uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase mRNA regulated by alcohol].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether ethanol and isopentanol could modulate the drug metabolism by regulating uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) expression in rat livers and cultured rat hepatocytes. METHODS: Rat livers and primary rat hepatocyte cultures have been used to determine the mRNA levels of five UGT isoenzymes following treatment with ethanol and isopentanol. RESULTS: Following treatment with alcohol in rats, UGT1A1 mRNA and UGT1A5 mRNA were increased to a mean of 177% and 166% of control, respectively. The mRNA levels of UGT2B1 and UGT2B3 were also increased in alcohol-treated rats to 178% and 132% of control, respectively. Incubation of hepatocytes with ethanol and isopentanol significantly increased the mRNA expression of UGT1A1, UGT1A5, UGT2B1 and UGT2B3 mRNA. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of UGT can be regulated by ethanol and isopentanol. As a result, chronic alcohol consumption may modify the metabolism of numerous endogenous and exogenous compounds, in particular some drugs, which are substrates of these UGT isoenzymes.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Characterization of a thrombin-like serine protease, Kangshuanmei, isolated from the venom of a Chinese snake, Agkistrodon halys brevicaudus stejneger.

An enzyme, referred to as Kangshuanmei, was isolated from the venom of the Chinese snake Agkistrodon halys brevicaudus stejneger by gel filtration chromatography followed by affinity chromatography. Kangshuanmei is composed of a single polypeptide chain with a molecular weight of approximately 34,000, estimated by SDS-PAGE. The enzyme hydrolyzed both benzoyl-arginine ethyl ester and H-D-Phe-Pip-Arg-p-nitroanilide, specific substrates for thrombin. The protease activity of Kangshuanmei was inhibited by 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzensulfonyl fluoride, but was not affected by EDTA. The enzyme acted on human fibrinogen to form a fibrin clot and released three fragments. These fragments were shown to be fibrinopeptide A, fibrinopeptide B, and the Bbeta1-42 peptide of fibrinogen, respectively. These results indicate that Kangshuanmei is a thrombin-like serine protease with coagulant activity. However, the enzyme did not induce activation of blood coagulation factor XIII, unlike thrombin. Moreover, antithrombin-III, the specific thrombin inhibitor in plasma, had no inhibitory effect on the thrombin-like amidolytic activity of Kangshuanmei. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the enzyme up to 50 residues was determined by a peptide sequencer. The N-terminal sequence of Kangshuanmei was highly homologous to most thrombin-like serine proteases from the venom of the snakes of the crotalidae family.

Agkistrodon↗
PubMed2001

[Sequencing-based typing of HLA-DPB1 and DQB1 exon 2 in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation between type 1 diabetes mellitus susceptibility and HLA-DPB1 and DQB1 genes in Shandong Han population. METHODS: HLA-DPB1 and DQB1 genes analysis were performed by sequencing-based typing in 52 type 1 diabetes mellitus patients and 38 normal controls. RESULTS: The frequency of DPB1*2201 in diabetics was significantly higher than that in controls(26.92% vs 5.26%, P<0.01), but the frequency of DPB1*0402 in diabetics was significantly lower than that in controls(11.54% vs 34.21%, P<0.01). The frequencies of DQB1*0201, *0303 and *0604 in diabetics were higher than those in controls (24.04% vs 10.53%, P< 0.01; 22.12% vs 6.58%, P<0.05; 19.23% vs 7.89%, P<0.05), while the frequency of DQB1*0301 in diabetics was significantly lower than that in controls (4.81% vs 25.00%, P<0.01). CONCLUSION: DPB1*2201, DQB1*0201, *0303 and *0604 may be susceptible alleles, and DPB1*0402 and DQB1*0301 may be protective alleles in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Allele sequences and population genetics of pentanucleotide tandem repeat D6S957].

OBJECTIVE: Pentanucleotide tandem repeat loci are useful markers of short tandem repeat (STR) for genetic analysis. We focused on the analysis of the DNA sequence for each allele at the pentanucleotide STR locus D6S957 in order to understand their structures in the human genome and to construct human allelic ladder, which is necessary for forensic DNA typing. In order to evaluate the forensic applicability of D6S957, we investigated the genotype distributions and allele frequencies in major ethnic groups. METHODS: A total of 230 samples from unrelated individuals were analyzed by PCR. Allele determination was carried out by comparison with a sequenced human allelic ladder made in-house. An example of each allele was sequenced on an ABI 377 automated sequencer. RESULTS: This pentanucleotide STR exhibited a minimal amount of stutter and provided easily interpretable results. Eight alleles were found in these populations. No evidence of deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was observed. In 64 confirmed father/mother/child triplets no mutation events were observed. The mutation rate was indirectly estimated at 2.5 x 10(-5) using a maximum likelihood method. CONCLUSION: D6S957 is a useful marker for forensic casework and paternity analysis.

Alleles↗
PubMed2001

[An improved auto-correlation method for Doppler fetal heart rate measurement].

It is very important to monitor the fetal heart rate in the clinical management of pregnancies antenatally. The most commonly employed non-invasive method uses Doppler ultrasound. Because of the complexity of Doppler fetal signals, the signal processing is difficult. In this paper, we describe an improved method for the determination of fetal heart rate from Doppler ultrasound signals. Using an exponentially weighted auto-correlation technique with an automatic adaptation algorithm, we have developed the method which can provide accurate fetal heart rate records, especially in the cases of reduced signal and loss of signal.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2001

Effects of simulated weightlessness on the release of PGE2 in rat calvarial osteoblasts induced by flow shear stress.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of simulated weightlessness on the release of prostaglandin E2 in rat calvarial osteoblasts by flow shear stress (FSS). METHOD: Osteoblasts were isolated from neonatal rat calvariae and then were set to two groups. One was cultured in 1 G terrestrial gravitational environment. The other was cultured on a clinostat (simulating weightlessness environment) for 60 h, then the osteoblasts were treated with 0.5 Pa or 1.5 Pa FSS in a flow chamber for 1 h. Then release of PGE2 in the osteoblasts was determined. RESULT: 0.5 Pa and 1.5 Pa FSS treatments significantly increased the release of PGE2 in osteoblasts cultured in 1 G environment (P < 0.01) , but there was no remarkable difference between the responses of 0.5 Pa FSS treatment group and 1.5 Pa group (P > 0.05). By contrast, in cells cultured in simulated weightlessness environment, no detectable release of PGE2 was found with the treatment of 0.5 Pa FSS (P < 0.01). The release of PGE2 was delayed and the amount of PGE2 Production was remarkably decreased with 1.5 Pa FSS treatment (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that the responsiveness of osteoblasts to FSS was down-regulated in simulated weightlessness.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Evidence supporting the interaction of CYP2B4 and CYP1A2 in microsomal preparations.

Recent studies have demonstrated that the catalytic behavior of one cytochrome P450 (P450) enzyme can be influenced by the presence of a second P450. This effect has been observed using reconstituted systems containing reductase, CYP2B4, and CYP1A2, primarily at subsaturating reductase. Addition of 1A2 caused a 75% inhibition of CYP2B4-dependent 7-pentoxyresorufin-O-dealkylation (PROD). Conversely, CYP2B4-dependent benzphetamine (bzp) demethylation did not exhibit this response after CYP1A2 addition. Addition of CYP2B4 to a reconstituted system containing reductase and CYP1A2 caused synergism of CYP1A2-dependent 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-dealkylation (EROD). This behavior was consistent with the formation of heteromeric CYP1A2-CYP2B4 complexes with altered catalytic properties. Although such responses have been documented in reconstituted systems, they have not been demonstrated in microsomal preparations. The goal of the present study was to determine whether such interactions were observed in rabbit liver microsomes. In an effort to detect such changes, we took advantage of the differential effect of CYP1A2 on CYP2B4-selective PROD and bzp metabolism. Rabbits were treated with phenobarbital (PB), beta-naphthoflavone (betaNF), and both PB + betaNF-conditions that enrich microsomes with CYP2B4, CYP1A2, or both enzymes, respectively. Benzphetamine demethylation activity was equivalently elevated in both the PB and the PB + betaNF groups, consistent with the induction of CYP2B4 in both groups. In contrast, PROD activity in the PB + betaNF group was less than 25% of that found in the PB-treated rabbits. These results demonstrate that the interactions observed in reconstituted systems are not an artifact of reconstitution but are observed under the more natural conditions of the microsomal membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Study on the epidemic characteristics and burden of injuries among inhabitants in Shenzhen].

OBJECTIVE: To understand of characteristics and burden of injuries in people living in Shenzhen. METHODS: A cluster sample on the condition was conducted through house hold questionnaire administration among 11,576 inhabitant during the period of December 1999 to 2000 in Shenzhen city, Guangdong province. RESULTS: The overall incidence of injuries was 7.07%. Accident, fallings, collision wounds were the first three injures. The standard mortality of injuries was 54.13/10(5). The burden of person family and society were hospital fee-for-service induce unemployment, and so on. Mind burden gave priority to be down in spirits, it occupied to 31.62%. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of injury were higher in Shenzhen inhabitant, and its burden be weighter, and the incidence of inhabitant with temporary cards was higher than inhabitants with resident cards. Therefore it is very important that prevention and control of injury would be enhancing.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Phosphorus export by runoff from agricultural field plots with different crop cover in Lake Taihu watershed.

Runoff and soil losses from agricultural fields are investigated as major nonpoint sources of phosphorus (P) entering lakes of Eastern China. There is relatively little information on P transport from ricefield and cropland of Lake Taihu watershed in Eastern China. Soil and P in surface runoff from a series of plots in the watershed were evaluated under simulated rainfall conditions. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of crop cover, slope, and fertilizer application on P concentrations in surface runoff and eroded soil. Accumulated sediment yields varied from 7.1 to 300 g/m2 for croplands, depending on management practices. For all experiment plots, weighted average concentrations of total-P (TP), dissolved P (DP) and particulate P (PP) are much higher than 0.02 mg/L, the limiting concentration for lake water. This result showed the potential contamination of lake water from agricultural surface runoff. Accumulated TP losses were 3.8 and 18.8 mg/m2 for ricefield and cropland, respectively. The estimated annual loss of TP was 0.74 kg/(hm2.a) for cropland. Most of P loss is in the PP form, which accounts for more than 90% of TP loss for cropland.

Agriculture↗
PubMed2001

[Interspecific association of dominant species in Betula luminifera natural forest communities of Shaowu, Fujian Province].

chi 2 test with 2 x 2 contingency table and Jaccard indices shows that the interspecific association of 16 dominant species in Betula luminifera communities of Shaowu, Fujian Province was of little significant level with few exceptions. The relationships between B. luminifera and Phyllostachys pubescens, and B. luminifera and Alniphyllum fortunei were significantly positive, showing that there was a high association degree between B. luminifera and Schima superba, B. luminifera, and Castanea henrgi, and B. luminifera and Pinus massoniana based on Jaccard indices.

Trees↗
PubMed2001

[Investigation of the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotype and Epstein-Barr virus infection of primary central nervous system lymphoma].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunophenotypes and EB virus infection of 25 cases of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining was performed using monoclonal antibodies, L26 (CD20), kappa,lambda for B lymphocytes, UCHL-1 (CD45RO) for T lymphocytes, CS1-4 for latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) and GFAP for gliocytes. In situ hybridization was used for detection of EB virus encoded small nuclear RNAs (EBER1/2). RESULTS: All of the 25 PCNSL were of B lymphocyte origin with high-grade malignancy. Only 2/25 (8%) cases showed positive signal in EBER1/2 in situ hybridization. CONCLUSION: This group of PCNSL were all B-cell lymphomas, and the role of EB virus in this group of PCNSL was uncertain.

Adolescent↗