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Biomedical subjects

S Young

Publications and source records attributed to S Young.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Hepatic arterial and systemic chemotherapy for the treatment of primary and secondary malignancies of the liver.

Twenty-two patients with metastatic and primary cancer of the liver were treated with 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (5FUDR), Mitomycin C (Mito C), and 1 (-2-chlorethyl)-4(methyl-cyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea (MeCCNU). 5FUDR 0.3 mg/kg/day was administered as a continuous infusion via the hepatic artery. Mito C (10 mg/M2) and MeCCNU (50 mg/M2) were given I.V. and orally, respectively, every 8 weeks. Remission of the neoplastic lesions within the liver was seen in 10 patients (4CR, 6PR). Five patients had stabilization of their lesion neoplasm for at least 4 months. The response rate in this study was 6/15 (40%) in patients with colon cancer metastatic to the liver. Toxicity was mainly hematologic and hepatic. Three patients experienced a platelet count below 25,000 and/or white blood count below 1000. Fifteen patients had hepatic toxicity showing elevation in SGOT and SGPT. The SGOT and SGPT returned to normal when the 5FUDR was discontinued. The combination of 5FUDR intraarterially, and Mito C and MeCCNU systemically, demonstrated activity in malignancies of the liver. This study proved that chemotherapy can be administered systemically and regionally with acceptable toxicity.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Comparison of the elimination of 10 and 20% TRAVAMULSION lipid emulsion from the blood of beagle dogs.

Metabolic utilization of fat emulsions containing 20% lipid and 10% lipid were compared using beagles. The key parameter measured was elimination of the lipid from the bloodstream, which serves as an indication of the emulsion's availability for metabolism. Nonlinear kinetic analysis was used in this determination. Blood concentrations of free fatty acids, phospholipid, and cholesterol were also measured as additional ways of determining emulsion metabolism. The 10 and 20% emulsions appeared to be equivalent in elimination of the caloric substrate triglyceride from the blood stream. Results also showed an adaptation to emulsion infusion over time at both dosages administered (3 and 6 g/kg of body weight). This was indicated by increased elimination capacity and stabilization of each lipid class measured. However, blood concentrations of phospholipid and cholesterol indicate that the 20% emulsion provides a lesser lipid load for the amount of calories administered when compared to an emulsion containing 10% lipid.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Melanocytic neuroectodermal tumor of the foot. Report of a case with multicentric origin.

This report describes a case of a two-year-old boy who had a tumor of the right fifth metatarsal. Biopsy revealed an undifferentiated, "small, round cell tumor" initially diagnosed as Ewing's sarcoma. He was treated with intensive chemotherapy, followed by amputation of the right foot when no response was observed. The histology of the amputated specimen was typical of melanocytic neuroectodermal tumor, a diagnosis confirmed by electron microscopy. Apart from documenting origin in a heretofore unrecorded site, this case illustrates the difficulties that arise in making a diagnosis and estimating prognosis of melanocytic neuroectodermal tumor, and provides evidence in favor of the multicentric origin of this uncommon disease.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Ocular lesions of bovine malignant catarrhal fever.

The ocular lesions of bovine malignant catarrhal fever were characterized in 15 naturally occurring and eight experimentally induced cases of the disease. Consistent findings included: lymphocytic vasculitis of retinal, scleral, posterior ciliary, and uveal vessels; uveitis, especially involving ciliary processes, ciliary body, and iris; and keratitis with corneal edema, neovascularization, and epithelial and endothelial degeneration. Lymphocytic ciliary neuritis and optic meningitis were found less frequently. Ultrastructural examination of the ciliary body and iris from one experimental calf confirmed that most infiltrating mononuclear cells were lymphocytes. The uveitis, vasculitis, and keratitis of malignant catarrhal fever were probably immune-mediated.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

The psychosexual histories of young women with bulimia.

While it is known that anorexia nervosa patients show a wide range of sexual knowledge, attitudes and practices, the psychosexual histories of bulimia patients have not been studied. In this paper the psychosexual histories of 20 bulimic patients and 20 matched control subjects are presented. Bulimic patients were more likely to experience orgasm with masturbation, were more likely to have experimented with anal intercourse, and were more likely to describe their libido as 'above average.' Control subjects were more likely to experience orgasm during sexual intercourse. Bulimic patients associated high body weights with unattractiveness, and tended to withdraw from social and sexual activity at high weights. In other aspects of their sexual behaviour, and in their attitudes to sexual matters, the two groups were similar.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Influence of monochromator bandwidth on the erythema action spectrum in the UV-B region.

The minimal erythema dose (MED) was determined in 10 subjects at wavelengths of 300, 310 and 320 nm using an irradiation monochromator. At each of the three central wavelengths, three determinations of the MED were carried out using full bandwidths at half maximum intensity of 5, 10 and 20 nm. The relative erythemal effectiveness of the radiation for each combination of wavelength and bandwidth agreed well with that calculated assuming photoaddition, or linear additivity between wavelengths.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Monoclonal antibodies against the human epidermal growth factor receptor from A431 cells. Isolation, characterization, and use in the purification of active epidermal growth factor receptor.

A431 cells have been used as an immunogen for generating monoclonal antibodies against the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor. Two immunoglobulin M and eight immunoglobulin G3 anti-EGF receptor antibodies were cloned. All ten antibodies immunoprecipitated biosynthetically labeled mature A431 cell EGF receptor and were able to recognize the receptor in Western blotting. However, none of the antibodies immunoprecipitated precursor polypeptides of the A431 cell EGF receptor, neither did they recognize EGF receptors from human foreskin fibroblasts, human placenta, nor a human-mouse hybrid cell expressing EGF receptor. The antibodies were found to bind to glycolipids from A431 cells and it was shown that the determinant involved was the blood group A antigen. It appears that this determinant is present on both the EGF receptor and glycolipids of A431 cells but is not expressed on EGF receptors from other human cells tested. One of the monoclonal antibodies raised was used for immunoaffinity purification of the EGF receptor. The procedure took advantage of the carbohydrate nature of the antigenic determinant by employing sugar-specific elution. The mild conditions permitted the purification of A431 cell EGF receptor (70-80% pure) that possessed an intrinsic EGF-stimulated tyrosine kinase activity with a specific activity of about 20 nmol/min/mg.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1983

Retinal dysplasia of English springer spaniel dogs: light microscopy of the postnatal lesions.

The histologic features of retinal dysplasia were studied in 26 English springer spaniel dogs of one day to four years of age. Dysplastic lesions in neonatal pups occurred predominantly in the peripapillary tapetal area of sensory retina. They consisted of complex linear folds and rosettes which were composed of hyperplastic neuroblasts. Dysplasia usually was not associated with incomplete differentiation of the outer neuroblastic layer. The outer limiting membrane was absent locally and numerous patent subretinal capillaries existed in the region of folds. The dysplastic features may be related to aberrant development of Muller cells and of retinal capillaries. In adolescent dogs, dysplastic lesions were less complex and usually were not accompanied by aberrant capillaries. Focal or complete retinal separation was present in some adolescent dogs. In adult dogs, features of retinal atrophy were found within dysplastic areas. No significant histologic lesions were found in the extraocular tissues of 12 affected dogs which were surveyed extensively.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1983

Antigenicity of bovine parvovirus in fetal infections.

The humoral immune response of bovine fetuses to bovine parvovirus (BPV) infection during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters was studied by the single radial immunodiffusion, hemagglutination-inhibition (HI), indirect immunofluorescence (IFA), microneutralization (MN), plaque-neutralization, and double immunodiffusion (DID) tests. Serum samples collected from 23 BPV-inoculated and several control fetuses were tested. The immunoglobulin (Ig) M concentrations reached 355 mg/100 ml at 10 days after fetal inoculations were done and then decreased. The IgG concentration increased 10 days after inoculation and was maximal 142 days later. A correlation between Ig concentrations and antibodies reacting in the HI, IFA, MN, DID, and plaque-neutralization tests existed in all samples. Neutralizing and HI antibodies were detected 10 days after fetal inoculations. The highest MN titer of 4,096 was detected in a fetus 10 days after the inoculation done during the 3rd trimester. Six serum samples were positive in the IFA test. These samples, collected 10 to 60 days after fetuses were inoculated, had IgG concentrations of 615 mg/100 ml or higher, and had titers of 16 to 64. Treatment of BPV with carbonate-bicarbonate buffer (pH 10.5) disrupted the virus and liberated antigens reacting in the DID test. Electron microscopic examination of the negatively stained antigen preparation revealed loss of structural integrity of the viral particles. This suspension of disrupted BPV was reactive with some of the fetal serum samples in the DID test, inducing 1 or 2 precipitin lines.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

A case of Lassa fever: experience at St Thomas's Hospital.

An 18-year-old Nigerian girl, normally resident in Jos, was admitted to hospital for five days before she was diagnosed as having Lassa fever. There were several atypical features in the early stages of here illness, notably the absence of prostration, pharyngitis, or bradycardia and the development of appreciable leucocytosis. Consequent control and surveillance measures required checks for 21 days on 173 people who had had contact with as first line if they had handled her or specimens without taking precautions to avoid direct skin contact with her excretions, secretions, and blood; other contacts were categorised as second line. During her time in hospital she was managed in a single room on a general ward. She visited a number of investigative departments within the hospital, and her specimens were examined in five clinical laboratories. Despite this no secondary cases occurred among either first- or second-line contacts, and there was no serological evidence of subclinical infection among any of the contacts tested (159 people).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

A monoclonal antibody to the human epidermal growth factor receptor.

A monoclonal antibody of the IgG class, EGFR1, has been isolated using cells of the epidermoid carcinoma line A431 as immunogen. The A431 antigen recognized by EGFR1 has an apparent molecular weight of approximately 175,000, is a cell-surface molecule which can be specifically cross-linked to EGF, exhibits an EGF-stimulated protein kinase activity, binds to EGFR1 in a number of human cell lines to a degree which parallels EGF binding, and shows EGF-dependent internalization in A431 cells and human fibroblasts. We therefore conclude that EGFR1 is directed against an antigenic site on the human EGF receptor. EGFR1 is not mitogenic for human fibroblasts and does not inhibit EGF binding under a variety of assay conditions. The characterization of EGFR1 has allowed the unambiguous assignment of the structural gene for the human EGF receptor to chromosome 7. Preliminary results suggest that a convenient method for isolating a range of anti-EGF receptor monoclonal antibodies can be developed, based on a hybridoma supernatant screening assay in which positive supernatants bind selectively to a human-mouse cell hybrid containing human chromosome 7.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗