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Biomedical subjects

S Yoshikawa

Publications and source records attributed to S Yoshikawa.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Graft-versus-host disease following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

Twenty-one patients, 18 with leukemia and three with severe aplastic anemia, were treated by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) developed in 13 patients (62%), of whom nine (69%) had grade I, two grade II, one grade III and one grade IV. In all nine patients with grade I, elevation of the serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase level without an increase in the serum bilirubin level was observed, which suggested the presence of GVHD in the liver. All 11 patients with grade I and II responded well to therapy with predonisolone. Eleven (73%) of the 15 patients who survived for more than 100 days after marrow transplantation developed chronic GVHD. As signs of chronic GVHD, hepatic disturbances were observed in nine patients (82%), while exanthema, ophthalmic symptoms and oral mucosal symptoms were observed in seven (64%), six (55%) and four (36%), respectively. These symptoms could be well controlled by predonisolone combined with either azathioprine or cyclosporin A. Of the five deaths following the onset of chronic GVHD, three were due to interstitial pneumonitis, one to sepsis and one to relapse of the leukemia. Karnofsky's performance scores of five of the six surviving patients with chronic GVHD were 90%. Six patients with acute leukemia were still alive more than six months after marrow grafting. None of them have shown recurrence of leukemia. Five of these six had chronic GVHD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[A case of refractory acute lymphocytic leukemia who achieved a complete remission by mitoxantrone].

A 21-year-old male was diagnosed as having acute lymphocytic leukemia in March 1982. The patient was immediately treated with VENP [vincristine (VCR), Endoxan (EX), Natulan, prednisolone (Pred)] therapy, yielding a partial remission. After one course of AAAP [ACNU, adriamycin (ADM), methotrexate (MTX), Pred] therapy, a combination chemotherapy with behenoyl-arabinocytosine, daunomycin (DM), vindesine and Pred was administered, which produced a complete remission lasting for 52 days. For the relapse, L-Asparaginase (L-Asp) and Pred therapy, large doses of MTX, the combination chemotherapy with VCR, EX, L-Asp and Pred and VEMP (VCR, EX, 6-MP, Pred) therapy were administered consecutively, PR was maintained but CR was not achieved. While receiving the combination chemotherapy consisting of VCR, EX, carbocone and Pred, the leukemic cells of his bone marrow increased gradually and reached to 70%; at that time cumulative doses of DM and ADM reached to 360 mg and 120 mg respectively. Thereafter mitoxantrone (MX) was administered on a 5-day iv schedule using daily dose of 4 mg/m2. Leukopenia was prolonged and liver dysfunction appeared, and they were recovered gradually. Two additional courses of MX using the same schedule and daily dose were given combined with Pred. Prolonged leukopenia and transitional liver dysfunction were also observed. He attained a CR, which was of short duration. It was clinically indicated that MX did not have a complete cross-resistance with many antileukemic agents including DM and ADM.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[The clinical effects of a new antiviral 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl) guanine (aciclovir) against herpes virus infections].

The clinical effects of a new anti-viral 9-(2-hydroxymethoxymethyl) guanine (Aciclovir) against Herpes virus infections have been investigated. The patients had malignant tumours or auto-immune disease complicated by shingles and chicken pox due to Vaicella zoster virus (VZV) (43 cases), Herpes simplex virus (HSV) (10 cases) and 9 cases which were clinically diagnosed as Herpes, though the virus was not confirmed as the causative agent. As a general principle the dosage of Aciclovir was 5 mg/kg, t. i. d. for 5 days by slow intravenous infusion. The clinically effective rate against VZV was 93%, being excellent in 42% and against HSV it was 80%, being excellent in 40% and when the results of the cases of unknown origin were included it was excellent in 40% and the cumulative effective rate was 88%. Concerning the efficacy in reduction of pain, swelling, disappearance of vesicles and new scab formation, the effect was most noticeable after the third day of treatment. Treatment given early in the disease is likely to provide better results. Concerning side effects, one of 62 patients had proteinuria and the other had a drug rash and an abnormal liver function test. It is likely that the combination of treatment and the primary disease had some influence, but the cause/effect relationship to Aciclovir treatment is not clear.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of eel calcitonin derivative (elcatonin) in osteoporosis].

Calcitonin has been considered to be useful in the treatment of osteoporosis due to its remarkable suppressive action on bone resorption as well as its putative stimulative effect on bone formation. However, its usefullness, especially the effect for decreasing the loss of bone mass in osteoporosis has not been proved substantially. We have studied this point using eel calcitonin derivative, elcatonin , in relatively low doses with and without calcium supplement. Bone mass was evaluated by microdensitometry of the roentgenograms of the second metacarpal bone. One hundred and thirty cases of postmenopausal and senile osteoporotics were divided into the following four groups and studied for six months: A) calcium and elcatonin treated group, B) calcium treated group, C) elcatonin treated group, D) control group. Elcatonin was administered intramuscularly 10 units once a week, and calcium was given 700 mg for every day. The results of metacarpal densitometry revealed the signs of significant increase of the bone mass in the calcium and elcatonin treated (A) group compared with the control (D) group, while the changes in the other groups (B and C) were not significant. It was shown that elcatonin had the significant analgesic effect for the back pain in the patients. Serum iPTH was not increased and the antibody for elcatonin was not detected in elcatonin treated patients. Although the study period is rather short, necessitating further studies, at present, our study suggests that the use of calcitonin with calcium supplements had the place in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1982

AAAP (ACNU, adriamycin, methotrexate, prednisolone) therapy for adult erythroleukemia.

A new quadruple combination chemotherapy for acute leukemia with ACNU, Adriamycin, methotrexate, and prednisolone was developed and codenamed AAAP in 1978. We have obtained excellent chemotherapeutic results with AAAP for conventional chemotherapy-resistant leukemia in Japan. Recently we have treated three adults with erythroleukemia with an AAAP regimen. In Case I, a 45-year-old woman attained a complete remission after only one course of AAAP, which was maintained for 21 months. The patient has been alive for over 32 months. In Case 2, a 52-year-old woman, and Case 3, a 38-year-old man, a complete remission was achieved after two courses of AAAP. Both patients have been alive over 21 and 13 months, respectively, with an initial remission duration of 14 months and 11+ months respectively. We conclude that AAAP therapy would be useful for remission induction of erythroleukemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Chemically defined medium for high yields of sterigmatocystin.

Isolate of Aspergillus versicolor strain produced 138 micrograms/ml of sterigmatocystin in a complete synthetic medium containing sucrose, salts, 1-phenylalanine, and Ca-pantothenate. The SSP (sucrose salts phenylalanine) medium apparently provided all necessary ingredients for the production of high levels of sterigmatocystin. For optimal sterigmatocystin formation, the amounts of sucrose and 1-phenylalanine were found to be 200 g and 5 g per liter, respectively. When Ca-pantothenate (0.01 g per liter) added, much higher amounts of sterigmatocystin were recovered, whereas CaCl2 addition (0.01%) drastically reduced the yield. The high levels of sterigmatocystin were recovered in the cultures which incubated stationary at 26 to 29 degrees C for over 12 days. Seven strains or isolates tested yielded high levels of sterigmatocystin in the SSP medium, whereas in each other media such as YES medium and rich medium only one isolate yielded highest amount of sterigmatocystin was found.

Aspergillus↗