Mechanism of serum cholesterol-lowering action of an anabolic steroid in contrast to a glucorticoid.
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Acetates↗
Biomedical subjects
S Yano
Publications and source records attributed to S Yano.
[Kocher's invagination method for inguinal hernia surgery and our method of its variation].
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Adolescent↗
Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging in Leigh disease.
An infant with Leigh disease, who was the younger sister of a similarly affected infant, had been examined before the onset of the disease. Ultrasonography revealed hyperechoic lesions in the putamen and caudate nucleus during the preclinical stage. At onset, these changes extended into the cerebral cortex and medulla. These lesions were also detected by T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as areas of increased signal intensity. Her brother demonstrated the same ultrasonographic results; cranial computed tomography disclosed low-density areas in the basal ganglia which were detected as hyperechoic lesions by ultrasonography. These findings suggest that ultrasonography is useful in detecting early intracranial lesions in Leigh disease.
Basal Ganglia↗
Four adult Rett patients at an institution for the handicapped.
We report the clinical, laboratory, and magnetic resonance imaging results of 4 adult patients (ages 25, 26, 29, and 35 years) with stage IV Rett syndrome. The patients were diagnosed at an institution for the handicapped. Two of them had been previously diagnosed as having cerebral palsy. All were microcephalic and had seizures, although the frequency of seizures decreased with advancing age. Three patients had scoliosis. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated marked craniofacial disproportion in 2 patients, bilateral atrophy of the frontotemporal lobes in 3, and cerebellar atrophy in 1. The cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of biopterin and homovanillic acid did not differ significantly in these Rett syndrome patients from age-matched controls.
Adult↗
Radiological findings of retroperitoneal leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma: report of two cases.
Radiologic findings in cases of retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma and leiomyoma were reported. These cases showed very similar findings: irregularly marginated large masses with central cyst formation and no calcification on CT and ultrasonography. Angiography showed tumor vessels and tumor stains. Cystic region due to central necrosis or hemorrhage was the most prominent radiologic finding in these cases. However, it was difficult to distinguish leiomyosarcoma from leiomyoma on the basis of the radiologic findings alone.
Angiography↗
Stimulatory effect of dibutyryl cyclic GMP on acid secretion in mouse isolated stomach and on histamine release in gastric mucosal cells.
We previously reported that endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the peripheral control of gastric acid secretion induced by some secretagogues, and that endogenous NO is involved in the acid secretion process via histamine release from histamine-containing cells. However, the stimulus-secretion coupling in the cells remains to be clarified. In the present study, we investigated the effect of dibutyryl cyclic GMP on gastric acid secretion in mouse isolated stomach and on histamine release in gastric mucosal cells, in comparison with those of dibutyryl cyclic AMP. Dibutyryl cyclic GMP (300 microM) produced a slight but significant increase of gastric acid secretion, which was completely inhibited by the histamine-H2 receptor antagonist famotidine. In contrast, dibutyryl cyclic GMP (1 mM) markedly inhibited histamine-induced acid secretion. Dibutyryl cyclic AMP (100 microM) produced a sustained increase of gastric acid secretion. The pretreatment with famotidine partially inhibited dibutyryl cyclic AMP-induced gastric acid secretion. Dibutyryl cyclic GMP and dibutyryl cyclic AMP significantly increased the histamine release from gastric mucosal cells. These results suggest that both intracellular cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP act as second messengers for histamine release in the histamine-containing cells, probably ECL cells. On the other hand, in gastric parietal cells, cyclic AMP has a stimulatory effect on gastric acid secretion, whereas cyclic GMP has an inhibitory effect.
Animals↗
Subcutaneous metastasis following percutaneous ethanol injection therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Aged↗
In vitro evidence for dopaminergic receptors in human renal artery.
Effects of dopamine on human renal arteries were pharmacologically investigated in vitro. Norepinephrine (5 X 10(-10)-5 X 10(-5) M) produced concentration-dependent contractions of isolated renal arterial strips, which were significantly depressed by prior administration of phentolamine or phenoxybenzamine. Isoproterenol (4 X 10(-10)-4 X 10(-6) M) concentration dependently relaxed the strips under potassium contracture, but a high dose (4 X 10(-5) M) constricted them. Biphasic responses to isoproterenol were changed to concentration-dependent contractions by prior administration of propranolol, and abolished by propranolol together with phentolamine. Dopamine (5 X 10(-8)-5 X 10(-4) M) produced concentration-dependent contractions of human renal arteries, which were not significantly influenced by propranolol but which were reversed to relaxations by phentolamine. Dopamine-induced relaxations, which were obtained after administration of phentolamine, were not significantly affected by propranolol, but were significantly depressed by combined application of propranolol and haloperidol, or of propranolol and droperidol. Results suggest that isolated human renal arteries have dopaminergic receptors in their smooth muscles which show relaxations of renal arteries after alpha-adrenoceptor blockade.
Adult↗
Superior mesenteric varices and splenic renal shunt with portal hypertension: a case report of liver cirrhosis with complications.
The case of a 58-year old woman with cirrhosis complicated by hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatic encephalopathy and superior mesenteric varices is described. Angiography revealed large superior mesenteric varices and it was demonstrated that the portal venous blood was shunted into the right internal iliac vein via the right ovarian vein. Clinically, this patient had hepatic encephalopathy and hyperammonaemia, but no oesophageal varices were discovered on endoscopy. The hepatic encephalopathy suggested that the portal blood containing ammonium from the superior mesenteric vein entered the brain through the systemic vein without the ammonia being metabolized by the liver.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
Clinical evaluation of Ramosetron injections in the treatment of cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting.
A phase III, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed to examine the safety and efficacy of ramosetron in cancer patients with cisplatin-induced nausea/vomiting. Patients were divided into two groups: group R received 0.3 mg ramosetron intravenously and group P received placebo. Eighty-eight patients were enrolled, 44 in each group; 84 (43 in group R, 41 in group P) were included in the clinical efficacy analysis and 86 (44 in group R, 42 in group P) in the safety analysis. Ramosetron was significantly more clinically effective than placebo against nausea, vomiting and anorexia; 65.1% of patients in group R experienced no vomiting in the first 6 h of observation compared with 7.3% of those receiving placebo. No serious adverse reactions or significant differences in safety were observed between the groups. Based on these results, ramosetron injection is effective in the treatment of cisplatin-induced nausea/vomiting and its clinical usefulness is demonstrated here.
Adult↗
Successful coronary angioplasty for the remaining coronary artery with two completely occluded arteries with prior bypass grafting.
A 61-year-old man underwent coronary artery bypass grafting because of severe three-vessel disease. Since he had post-operative anginal attacks, coronary angiography was performed. The examination revealed the right coronary artery (RCA) and left circumflex artery (LCX) to be completely occluded, and the left anterior descending artery (LAD) showed 90% stenosis. Furthermore, the three bypass grafts (to RCA, LCX and LAD) were all occluded. The patient had severe anginal episodes despite drug therapy. Since the patient refused a second bypass operation, we performed percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty on the LAD. Subsequently, the stenosis of LAD was reduced to 25%, eliminating subjective episodes of angina pectoris.
Angioplasty, Balloon↗
Sudden onset of thrombocytopenia after the treatment with chemotherapeutic agent(s) in a patient with lymphangitis carcinomatosa.
Cisplatin (CDDP 100 mg/m2, div), adriamycin (ADR 20 mg/body, iv) and futrafur-uracil conjugate (UFT 200 mg/day, po) were administered on the same day to a 51-year-old housewife with lymphangitis carcinomatosa of the lung. During the CDDP infusion, the patient unexpectedly became highly febrile. On the following day, the patient developed purpura on the upper and lower extremities, and her platelet count was 3.2 x 10(4)/mm3 in spite of being 32.4 x 10(4)/mm3 on the day before chemotherapy. The platelet count recovered to 9.4 x 10(4)/mm3 on day 3, and increased to a maximum of 56.1 x 10(4)/mm3 on day 20. Previously, we had treated several patients with adenocarcinoma by the same protocol, but never experienced such a case that developed a sudden fall in their platelet count. Although the true mechanisms remain to be solved, this case is very interesting from a standpoint of drug-induced thrombocytopenia.
Adenocarcinoma↗
A survey regarding the disclosure of the diagnosis of cancer in Toyama Prefecture, Japan.
A survey regarding the revelation of the diagnosis of cancer to patients was conducted on 116 medical doctors (MD), 206 paramedical personnel (PP) and 789 lay persons (LP) in June 1989 in Toyama prefecture, Japan. When asked in the case that their parents or spouse had cancer, only 29.8% of all respondents answered that they would reveal the diagnosis of cancer to their family member. On the contrary, if they themselves had cancer, 56.3% of all respondents answered that they wished the diagnosis to be revealed, and 77.4% of these answered that they wished to be informed of the cancer diagnosis by the doctor in charge. They wanted to know the details of their condition from their medical doctor, and thought that they could receive this knowledge calmly. Thirty-one percent (34/108) of the doctors questioned reveal the diagnosis of cancer to their patients and 79.4% of these answered that they felt that telling the true diagnosis was good. A serious responsibility for the medical doctor was indicated.
Adult↗
Acute eosinophilic pneumonia induced by minocycline: prominent Kerley B lines as a feature of positive re-challenge test.
We report herein a case of acute eosinophilic pneumonia induced by minocycline, confirmed by TBLB and re-challenge test. Re-challenge test suggested that Arthus-type reaction was pathognomonic, and prominent Kerley B lines represented a local hypersensitivity reaction in this patient.
Adult↗
Self-management of nocturnal respiratory insufficiency with a portable ventilator "Pneu-PAC" by an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patient.
A 76-year-old man with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis was admitted to our hospital because of progressive exertional dyspnea (PaCO2 = 68.5 torr, PaO2 = 62.5 torr). He was put on mechanical ventilation, and thereafter sleep apnea of a central type was recognized. After improvement of general conditions, a portable ventilator "Pneu-PAC" was used for the self-management of nocturnal respiratory insufficiency. A portable ventilator might be of clinical benefit for the management of a patient with neuromuscular disorder whose activities of daily living are still functional.
Aged↗
Infusion of dialysis solution using an automatic infusion accelerator.
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Dialysis Solutions↗
Plasma levels of myeloperoxidase and elastase are differentially regulated by hemodialysis membranes and anticoagulants.
To examine effects of dialyzer membranes and anticoagulants on hemodialysis (HD)-triggered neutrophil degranulation. We measured plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO) and elastase (ELT) by an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. During routine HD with a cuprophane membrane and high molecular weight (HMW) heparin, plasma MPO was rapidly upregulated to maximal levels within 15 min after starting extracorporeal circulation. In contrast, the level of plasma ELT gradually increased such that the highest level was achieved at the end of the procedure. When polysulfone and polymethylmethacrylate membranes were substituted for cuprophane, the rise in ELT was markedly suppressed. Polysulfone was also capable of reducing the MPO response, although the effect was less prominent than that for ELT. As for anticoagulants, nafamostat mesylate (NM) completely suppressed the rise in plasma MPO during HD with cuprophane. Low molecular weight (LMW) heparin also partially inhibited this response. In sharp contrast, there was no significant difference in the ELT response between nafamostat, HMW, and LMW heparins. Thus, NM maximally suppressed the rise of plasma MPO but had no effect on the ELT response. Our results suggest that neutrophil degranulation of MPO and ELT is differentially regulated during HD. Polysulfone and NM appear to maximally reduce excessive neutrophil activation.
Adult↗
Induction of murine lymphokine-activated killer-like cells by Corynebacterium parvum (C. parvum) in vitro: lysis of tumor cells and macrophages by C. parvum-induced killer cells.
In vitro culture of murine spleen cells with Corynebacterium parvum (C. parvum) was found to induce lymphokine-activated killer (LAK)-like cells capable of killing both natural killer (NK)-sensitive and NK-resistant tumor cells as well as syngeneic macrophages (M phi). The induction of LAK-like activity by C. parvum was significantly inhibited by anti-interleukin-2 (IL-2) or anti-interferon (IFN) alpha, beta antibody (Ab), and it was further inhibited by the combination of two Abs, suggesting that the generation of killer cells by C. parvum was dependent on IL-2 and IFN(s) produced in the culture. It was considered that M phi were important in the induction of LAK-like cells by C. parvum because the depletion of M phi from spleen cells before culture with C. parvum significantly reduced the induction of killer activity. The majority of effectors mediating both tumor cells and M phi were Thyl+ and asialo-GM1 (aGM1)+, and the lysis of M phi by C. parvum-induced killer cells could be inhibited by the addition of cold YAC-1 tumor cells and P815 tumor cells, suggesting that the same population of effectors recognized tumor cells and M phi. These results demonstrated a possibility that the killing of M phi by C. parvum-induced killer cells might down-regulate anti-tumor effects of C. parvum.
Animals↗