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Biomedical subjects

S Yano

Publications and source records attributed to S Yano.

At least 343 records · Page 19Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Henoch-Schönlein purpura in rheumatoid arthritis.

This is the first report of Henoch-Schönlein purpura associated with permanent joint damage due to rheumatoid arthritis, which was observed in 3 of the 10 adults we treated for Henoch-Schönlein purpura since 1974. Each of 3 women had been admitted with palpable purpura of the lower extremities. The diagnosis was based on various findings including arthralgia, stiffness, and/or swelling of the joints, and on the results of radiographic, immunofluorescence and other studies. Renal biopsy revealed slight mesangial proliferation in 2 of the patients. The nephropathy did not deteriorate following discharge. However, bilateral swelling of the wrists with destructive joint changes was subsequently observed on radiographs in all patients. Since 2 patients showed positivity for human leukocyte antigen DR4, this antigen may have been a genetic factor in the joint disease in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Usefulness of renal dynamic function study with 99mTc-MAG3 (mercaptoacetylglycylglycylglycine)].

The clinical value of a newly developed renography agent 99mTc-mercaptoacetylglycylglycylglycine (99mTc-MAG3) was assessed in comparison with 123I-orthoiodohippurate (123I-OIH). A clear perfusion images were obtained early after 99mTc-MAG3 administration due to physical advantages of the tracer. A close correlation was observed of Tmax and T1/2 values between 99mTc-MAG3 and 123I-OIH. However, T1/2 calculated by 99mTc-MAG3 was significantly longer than that by 123I-OIH. In addition, the effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) value calculated by the clearance rate of the tracer by Tauxe method (radioactivity in plasma at 43 minutes after tracer administration) was smaller than that by 123I-OIH. In conclusion, 99mTc-MAG3 is considered as a useful agent for renography.

Female↗
PubMed1994

Antiproliferative effect of the new aromatase inhibitor fadrozole on pre- and postmenopausal models of rat mammary tumor.

The antitumor effect of the new non-steroidal aromatase inhibitor fadrozole (4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo[1,5-a] pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile monohydrochloride, CGS 16949A, CAS 102676-31-3) was studied in female Sprague-Dawley rats with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumors. CGS 16949A was administered p.o. at 3 different schedules of once daily (0.5, 2 mg/kg), once every 3 days (1.5, 6 mg/kg) and once every 7 days (3.5, 14 mg/kg) treatments. A daily treatment of 0.5 mg/kg CGS 16949A was more effective than the once every 7 days treatment of 14 mg/kg on the tumor growth. The most significant reductions of the tumor diameter, tumor number, plasma sex hormone levels were observed in once daily treatment group of 2 mg/kg CGS 16949A. The antiproliferative effect of CGS 16949A on the post-menopausal model of DMBA-induced rat mammary tumor was studied. A post-menopausal model was induced by the combination of ovariectomy and androstenedione continuously released from an osmotic pump placed subcutaneously. Androstenedione inhibited the ovariectomy-induced tumor volume reduction. Twice daily treatment of 0.25 mg/kg CGS 16949A counteracted the androstenedione-induced tumor volume retention. These data suggest that continuous treatment of a low dose is more effective than intermittent treatment of a high dose and aromatase enzymes of tissues other than ovaries may participate in the production of estradiol in postmenopausal model of DMBA-induced rat mammary tumors.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1993

M-CSF gene transduction in multidrug-resistant human cancer cells to enhance anti-P-glycoprotein antibody-dependent macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity.

A human macrophage-colony-stimulating-factor (M-CSF) gene inserted into an expression vector (pRc/CMV-MCSF) was transfected into multidrug-resistant (MDR) human ovarian cancer cells (AD10) to induce secretion of human M-CSF into the medium. The M-CSF level in the culture medium of the transfected cells reached 100 ng/ml after 7 days, and the ability of the cells to secrete M-CSF was stable for at least 3 months. Transfection of the M-CSF gene did not result in any change in expression of MDRI (P-glycoprotein), proliferation or chemosensitivity of the cells from those of the parent cells. There was also no difference between the transfected and the parent cells in susceptibility to NK cell- or interleukin-2-activated killer-cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Human blood monocytes that had been incubated for 4 days in medium with the culture supernatant of MH-AD10 cells exhibited higher ADCC activity than untreated monocytes against MDRI-positive cancer cells. This effect of the supernatant of AD10 cells was completely abolished by its treatment with a monoclonal anti-M-CSF antibody (MAb). When transfected human MDR cells were injected into nude mice, an inverse correlation was seen between the ability of the cells to produce M-CSF and their tumorigenicity. Thus, gene modification of MDR cancer cells seems hopeful as a therapeutic method for enhancing anti-MDRI-MAb-dependent macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity against human MDR cancer cells.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1993

SART stress effects on lymphocytes in the thymus and spleen of normal, adrenalectomized, and sympathectomized mice.

The effects of stress due to specific alteration of rhythm of temperature (SART) on lymphocyte subpopulations of the thymus and spleen were examined in C3H/He mice. Thymic and splenic involution were evident in SART-stressed mice, and lymphocyte subpopulations were significantly changed. In the thymus, CD4+ CD8+ and CD3- or CD3low lymphocytes were decreased by SART stress more than other lymphocytes, and CD4- and CD8-single-positive lymphocytes and B lymphocytes in the spleen were decreased equally. Immunoregulation via the adrenal glands and sympathetic nervous system was studied in chemically sympathectomized and adrenalectomized SART-stressed mice. Neither chemical sympathectomy nor adrenalectomy alone influenced the thymus or spleen in nonstressed mice, but chemical sympathectomy enhanced SART stress-induced thymic changes and further decreased the number of B lymphocytes in the spleen of SART-stressed mice; adrenalectomy blocked SART stress-induced thymic changes and increased the number of B lymphocytes in the spleen. These findings indicate that the genesis of thymic changes induced by SART stress is in the adrenal glands, and malfunction of sympathetic nerves and insufficient excretion of adrenal hormones could alter the balance of lymphocytes in the spleen during stress. It was also clear that thymic changes induced by SART stress could be immediately reversed to pretest conditions by alleviating the stress.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1993

Heterotopic autotransplantation of the pancreas segment after pylorus-preserving total pancreatectomy: a case report of successful surgical treatment for chronic pancreatitis.

A 38-year-old man who had suffered for 5 years from persistent abdominal pain caused by alcoholic chronic pancreatitis, presented with diffuse calcification of the entire pancreas with cystic formation of the pancreatic head. After a pylorus-preserving total pancreatectomy, the pancreatic head, including the cyst, was removed extracorporeally by bench surgery, and the remaining segment of the body and tail autotransplanted heterotopically to the iliac vessels with a pancreaticojejunostomy. Total resolution of the pain was achieved postoperatively, and dietary intake has been satisfactory. Both endocrine and exocrine pancreatic functions have been well preserved, and no insulin has been needed. Three months after his operation, the patient has returned to leading a normal life.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Heterotopic autotransplantation of a pancreas segment with enteric drainage after total or subtotal pancreatectomy for chronic pancreatitis.

Four patients with chronic alcoholic pancreatitis and one patient with idiopathic chronic pancreatitis, who had total or subtotal distal pancreatectomies for persistent pain, underwent simultaneous autotransplantation of a pancreas segment to preserve the pancreatic function. The segment was autotransplanted heterotopically to the iliac fossa with anastomosis of the splenic vessels to the iliac vessels to prevent reinnervation, and the pancreatic duct was anastomosed to the intestine to preserve exocrine function. Postoperatively, the patency of the graft vessels was confirmed by angiography in every patient. Complete pain relief has been obtained in all patients with a followup duration of 4-89 mo. Except for one patient who had been treated preoperatively with insulin injections for diabetes, the patients remained normoglycemic without exogenous insulin administration and demonstrated satisfactory insulin secretion during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. An exocrine pancreatic diagnostant test using p-aminobenzoic acid yielded nearly similar levels to the preoperative value for all patients. Heterotopic autotransplantation of the pancreas segment appears to be effective for preserving pancreatic function, as well as providing permanent pain relief for patients with chronic pancreatitis who require extensive resection of the pancreas.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Hemostatic changes induced by percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty.

A study was conducted of hemostatic changes in 15 patients with mild-to-moderate rheumatic mitral stenosis who underwent percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty (PMV). The patients were divided into two groups according to the degree of valve dilatation as evaluated by Doppler echocardiography before and 2 to 3 months after therapy: one group (n = 7) with suboptimal valvuloplasty (< 0.5 cm2) and one (n = 8) with optimal valvuloplasty (> or = 0.5 cm2). On the day of echocardiographic evaluation, hemostatic testing of the platelet, coagulation, and fibrinolytic systems was performed. Before PMV there were no differences in the hemodynamic and hemostatic variables between the two groups. No favorable hemostatic changes were achieved by PMV in the suboptimal group. In the optimal group, however, platelet-specific protein levels decreased after PMV; the mean levels of platelet factor 4 and beta-thromboglobulin were moderately elevated before and decreased after PMV from 38.5 +/- 22.2 to 8.13 +/- 5.08 ng/ml (p < 0.01) and from 132.5 +/- 78.6 to 38.8 +/- 19.5 ng/ml (p < 0.02), respectively. Coagulation and fibrinolytic systems were unchanged in this study. These data indicate that PMV produces favorable hemostatic effects when sufficient mitral valve dilatation is achieved. Analysis of our data also discloses that platelet activation plays an important role in the initial step of thrombus formation in patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis.

Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of the effects on bronchial hyperresponsiveness of antiallergic agents and beclomethasone dipropionate in long-term bronchial asthma. A retrospective study.

The effect of antiallergic agents (DSCG) (disodium cromoglycate, ketotifen, and ibudilast) and beclomethasone dipropionate inhaler (BDI) on bronchial hyperresponsiveness to histamine inhalation was retrospectively assessed in 72 asthmatic patients with more than a year's duration of the disease. Decrease in bronchial hyperresponsiveness to histamine was observed in 10 out of the 33 (30%) antiallergic-agents-treated patients (group A, mean duration = 7.8 months), in 12 of 19 (63.2%) BDI-treated patients (group B, 6.2 months), but only 2 of the 20 (10%) control patients (group C, 7.8 months). Improvement of histamine PC20 was from 310 to 597 micrograms/ml (P < 0.01) in group A, from 308 to 1622 micrograms/ml (P < 0.0005) in group B, and from 575 to 525 micrograms/ml (NS) in group C. A significant decrease in the peripheral eosinophil count was observed only in group B. The improvement in bronchial hyperresponsiveness was parallel with that of asthmatic symptoms; the percentage of patients becoming symptom-free rose from 12 to 42%, 5 to 89%, and 5 to 20% in groups A, B, and C, respectively. Out of 11 unimproved patients in group A, 7 showed a significant improvement in their histamine PC20 by BDI treatment (mean PC20: 311-->1828 micrograms/ml). These results suggest that BDI might be more effective than antiallergic agents in the treatment of patients with long-standing bronchial asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Clinical evaluation of rapid serodiagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis by ELISA with cord factor (trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate) as antigen purified from Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against purified cord factor (trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate) prepared from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and its diagnostic usefulness was evaluated. Serum specimens from 65 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, 58 patients with inactive pulmonary tuberculosis, 36 patients with diseases other than tuberculosis, and 66 healthy adults were examined. Patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis showed significantly higher titers of IgG antibodies against cord factor than did other groups (p < 0.001). The antibody titer greater than 0.29 in absorption difference (492 to 630 nm) of 160-times diluted serum was set as positive in ELISA. For patients with active and untreated pulmonary tuberculosis, the ELISA had a sensitivity of 81% and a specificity of 96%. From these results, it was concluded that the detection of IgG antibodies against cord factor is useful for serodiagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis. It was also indicated that the anticord factor antibody titers decline to the normal level as a result of antituberculosis chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Influence of right ventricular ischemia on precordial ST depression during right coronary artery occlusion.

To determine the cause of precordial ST depression in acute inferior myocardial infarction, we evaluated the relationship between precordial ST deviation and ventricular involvement. Forty-nine patients who were admitted to the hospital with an acute inferior myocardial infarction, and 60 patients who were treated with elective angioplasty to the right coronary artery, were analyzed. All patients had single vessel disease and were divided into 2 groups (A and B) according to the site of the lesion. Patients in group A had a lesion proximal to the largest right ventricular branch, while in group B the lesion was distal to that branch. There were no differences in inferior ST elevation between the 2 groups, but precordial ST segments were more depressed in group B than in group A. A significant correlation was observed between inferior and precordial ST deviation in group B, but not in group A. These results were similar in patients with myocardial infarction and in those treated by angioplasty. These results suggest that precordial ST depression in an evolving inferior infarction is due to reciprocal ST deviation which reflects inferoposterior involvement. In addition, when inferior infarction is accompanied by right ventricular involvement the precordial ST depression is lessened.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Comparative effects of cimetidine and famotidine on the vagally stimulated acid secretion in the isolated mouse whole stomach.

We investigated the effects of cimetidine and famotidine on the acid secretory response to electrical vagal stimulation, bethanechol and histamine in the isolated mouse whole stomach preparation. The acid secretion elicited by electrical vagal stimulation at the position of the esophagus (10 Hz, 0.3 msec, 10 V for 5 min) was reproducible by repeated stimulation in each preparation, and it was abolished by tetrodotoxin, atropine and hexamethonium. This vagally stimulated acid secretion was abolished by cimetidine (3 mM), while it was only partly inhibited by famotidine (10-100 microM). Histamine (100 microM)-induced acid secretion was inhibited by cimetidine and famotidine, and the doses of these drugs required for complete inhibition were 3 mM and 10 microM, respectively. In contrast, bethanechol (10 microM)-induced acid secretion was slightly reduced by famotidine (1-100 microM), but markedly reduced by cimetidine (3 mM). In the guinea pig ileum, millimolar concentrations of cimetidine and famotidine shifted the dose-response curve of the contractile response to acetylcholine rightward. These findings suggest that the inhibitory effect of cimetidine on the vagally stimulated or bethanechol-induced acid secretion is elicited at least partly through mechanisms different from H2-antagonism.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1993

Involvement of CGRP, substance P and blood circulation in aggravating mechanism of absolute ethanol-induced antral lesions by capsaicin treatment in rats.

The effects of capsaicin-sensitive nerve degeneration (capsaicin-treatment) on the corpus and the antrum was investigated in the absolute ethanol-induced lesion model in rats. The gastric lesion in the antrum were significantly aggravated by the capsaicin-treatment, while those in the corpus were not affected. To clarify the different susceptibility between the antrum and the corpus, the effects on gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF), mucus secretion and levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) or substance P (Sub P), were investigated by the hydrogen gas clearance method, histochemical methods and immunohistochemical methods, respectively. The GMBF in the antrum was significantly decreased by the capsaicin-treatment, but that in the corpus was not. Moreover, capsaicin-treatment increased the mucus secretion in the antrum, but not in the corpus. Capsaicin-treatment significantly decreased CGRP- and Sub P-immunoreactive substances in the vascular smooth muscle in the antrum, but not in the corpus. On the 4th day after absolute ethanol, antral ulcers were observed. From the above results, it was suggested that capsaicin-treatment decreased the gastroprotective ability in the antrum to a greater extent than in the corpus and this may be caused by the decrease of GMBF through the decrease of CGRP- and Sub P-immunoreactive substances.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

A fatal case of acute boric acid poisoning.

A 77 year-old male mistakenly ingested an estimated 30 g of boric acid as a single oral dose to stop hiccups. On admission, he had vomiting, diarrhea, and hiccups. Laboratory data was diagnostic of acute renal failure. Hemodialysis and charcoal hemoperfusion were performed in series. The serum concentration of boric acid was reduced by the therapy, but the patient died due to cardiac insufficiency. Acute boric acid poisoning resulting from a single oral dose in adults has rarely been reported. Our case is the fourth fatal case in adults since the 1920s following a single, acute ingestion of boric acid.

Acute Kidney Injury↗