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Biomedical subjects

S Yamauchi

Publications and source records attributed to S Yamauchi.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

A clinical study of the order and speed of sensory recovery after digital replantation.

The order of sensory recovery (the first appearance of each sensory modality in the amputated digit) and the speed of sensory recovery in the amputated digit were recorded in 74 replanted digits in which both digital nerves had been severed and repaired primarily. The order of sensory recovery was measured by Frey hairs to determine pressure (30 gm) and touch (2 gm). Pain (5 gm) was measured by an algesiometer and cold (0 degree C) and warmth (50 degrees C) were measured by a thermometer (Yufu Seiki Co., Ltd.). Perspiration was measured by the bromophenol blue printing method. The mean times of the appearance of sensibility in the amputated digits were: pressure, 9.8 weeks; touch, 11.6 weeks; pain, 13.4 weeks; cold, 15.3 weeks; warmth 16.8 weeks; and perspiration, 26.9 weeks. The speed of sensory recovery was a measurement of the first appearance of sensibility in the amputated digit to the restoration of sensibility to the fingertip. The speed of sensory recovery for touch and pain was calculated by dividing the number of months required for sensory recovery by the distance from the replant level to the fingertip. The mean speed of sensory recovery for touch was 14.0 mm per month, and for pain it was 13.2 mm per month.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Demonstration of HCG on the surface of maternal lymphocytes and discrimination of T and B cells by esterase cytochemistry.

Immunological functions pregnant women in the early fetomaternal relationship were investigated. Maternal T cell population as determined by the standard method gradually decreases as plasma HCG increases from between 5 and 10 weeks of gestation. In this study, the presence of HCG on the surface of maternal lymphocytes was detected by the direct immuno-histochemical method using enzyme-labeled antibodies: (1) HRP-anti human beta-HCG rabbit Fab', (2) HRP-anti alpha-HCG rabbit Fab', (3) HRP-anti human native HCG rabbit Fab'. Further (4) HRP-normal rabbit Fab', (5) HRP-anti rabbit IgG goat F(ab')2 and (6) activated HRP were used as staining controls. In order to determine whether the maternal lymphocytes masked with HCG were T or B cells, a modified technique of esterase cytochemistry was employed. The reaction of esterase cytochemistry on rosette forming lymphocytes by SRBC exhibited the features of T cells, as the lymphocytes display a dense localized positivity made up of one to four coarse granules.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1983

Free vascularized fibular transplant. A new method for monitoring circulation of the grafted fibula.

Free vascularized fibular grafts were used to treat seventeen patients who had extensive defects and pseudarthroses in long bones of the extremities. Of the seventeen, thirteen had been followed for from eighteen months to five years and could be evaluated. All thirteen grafts healed with no radiographic evidence of bone necrosis or resorption. During the immediate postoperative period, the patency of the anastomoses was monitored by observing the color of the skin of an island pedicle (so-called buoy) skin graft whose blood supply was in continuity with that of the fibular graft. Preoperative Doppler measurements were used to determine the most favorable location for the island pedicle graft. In the presence of defects of both bone and skin, the skin defect can be covered by using a large buoy flap. The largest flap used in this series measured fifteen square centimeters.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Neoplastic cardiac tamponade].

Pericardial metastases are frequently found and often cause cardiac tamponade which requires emergency treatment. Pericardiocentesis or subxiphoid pericardiotomy and pericardial drainage can be performed; the latter is a safe and effective method for the management of continuous pericardial effusion since it can be done under direct visualization and local anesthesia. We had four patients with neoplastic cardiac tamponade who were treated successfully with subxiphoid pericardiotomy and pericardial drainage. In three of them neoplasms had not been found until cytology of pericardial fluid proved to be malignant when they were attacked by cardiac tamponade. If the patient with malignancy is attacked by cardiac tamponade, subxiphoid pericardiotomy and pericardial drainage should be performed considering neoplastic cardiac tamponade. We have described pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of neoplastic cardiac tamponade.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Recovery of sensation in replanted digits--time of recovery and degree of two-point discrimination.

Even if good motor function returns in a replanted digit, if no useful sensation returns, the digit cannot be considered fully functional. In such cases sensory reconstruction with nerve grafts may be necessary, but it is difficult to determine the optimal time for such surgery. Therefore, we studied 37 replanted digits in which the palmar digital nerves had been severed bilaterally and anastomosed at the replantation procedure. Our findings indicate a correlation between the time at which sensation returned to the digits and the degree of two-point discrimination (2PD) that returned. In digits in which sensation returned less than four months after replantation, a 2PD of less than 15 mm returned in more than 50% of cases, but when more than four months passed before the return of sensation, a useful degree of 2PD seldom returned. We believe, therefore, that if the recovery of sensation in a replanted digit has not been satisfactory by four months after replantation, reconstructive surgery should be considered.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Clinical replantation of digits and its problem.

571 replanted digits in 395 patients were critically evaluated from the point of view of the surgical technique, level of amputation, post-operative complications and the eventual functional end result. When the period of ischaemia exceeded 10 hours, the risk of failure was higher. Bone union was delayed in the digits in which the period of ischaemia was longer than 5 hours. Single thumb and multiple finger amputations were functionally most useful regardless of the level of amputation, the range of mobility or the sensory recovery. Single finger replantations resulted in poor function especially for the index and little finger. Replantation of a single finger amputation is of questionable value from the point of view of time spent both by the surgeon and the patient. Surprisingly, replantations for amputation proximal to the proximal interphalangeal joint produced much less satisfactory functional result as compared to those for amputations distal to this joint.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Isolation and primary culture of adult human hepatocytes. Ultrastructural and functional studies.

Biopsy tissue of adult human liver was gently dissociated with collagenase followed by Dispase. By repeated low g centrifugation, a large number of almost pure, viable hepatocytes was obtained. This is the first report of a successful procedure for obtaining adult human hepatocytes for study in tissue culture. The isolated cells have the typical morphology of liver parenchyma, and these characteristics persist throughout the period of culturing. Evidence of their function is indicated by albumin synthesis. This procedure is now being used to study human hepatocyte functions in vitro and the effects of a variety of agents including carcinogens and viruses.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[A study on the immunity of pregnancy. The localization of HCG on the cell membrane of lymphocytes (author's transl)].

The study was made for women in 10 weeks and 12 weeks of pregnancy, and also for non-pregnant women and men as controls. Heparinized peripheral venous blood of them were obtained, and lymphocytes were separated by specific gravity centrifugation by Lymphoprep, to be used as samples. For enzyme reaction, at first a separated lymphocyte PBS suspension was smeared on a glass sheet, dried in air and fixed for 15 minutes by 4% PLP solution, then to make antigen-antibody reaction by direct method. After the reaction, the reaction product was fixed for 10 minutes by 2% glutaraldehyde and, with color developed by Karnovsky method. Antibodies used were (1) HRP-anti human alpha-HCG rabbit Fab', (2) HRP-anti human beta-HCG rabbit Fab' and (3) HRP-anti human native HCG rabbit Fab', and furthermore, (4) HRP-N rabbit serum and (5) HRP-anti rabbit IgG goat F(ab)2 were used as staining controls. In the reaction group of pregnant cases with alpha-HCG, beta-HCG and N-HCG antisera, the brown color of reaction products was observed on lymphocyte cell membranes to prove the localization of HCG. The existence of lymphocytes negative in the reaction and the difference in color development degrees among lymphocytes positive in the reaction were also observed, to show quantitative difference in localization. In the group of the controls and in the staining control group of pregnant cases, no reaction was observed at all.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1981

Immunological Considerations in patients with tonsillar lesions.

No abolition of functions from the clinical aspect was detected in most patients with tonsillectomies or adenotomies although there are some reports that tonsillectomy increases the susceptibility to subsequent development of Hodgkin's disease by 2.9 fold. Sequential investigations on the responsiveness of lymphocytes to various mitogens, and quantitative estimations of immunoglobulins and other humoral factors were carried out in 54 tonsillectomized and/or adenotomized patients of either sex between the ages of 4 and 55. The present findings showed abnormalities in lymphocyte responses to mitogens and the production of humoral factors in a few young patients post operatively, although they were not detected in adult patients during sequential observations.

Adenoidectomy↗
PubMed1980

Tonsillectomy and autoantibodies in patients with habitual tonsillitis.

Tonsillectomy is virtually a routine operation now for ENT surgeons, but its immunological evaluation is still obscure. We have carried out an investigation in 57 patients who visited our clinic, with reference to autoantibodies by the immunofluorescence technique. We found autoantibodies at a higher frequency after tonsillectomy than before tonsillectomy in the young age group. There are studies that report close correlation of autoantibodies and malignancy. Since there are few reports that mention the relationship of the presence of autoantibodies and tonsillectomy, we have emphasized here careful follow-up of the patients from this standpoint.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Toe-to-hand transfer: experience with thirty-eight digits.

Great functional difficulty and mental agony are experienced when there is traumatic amputation of the thumb or multiple fingers or a congenital defect of the thumb or fingers. With the development of microsurgery during recent years, it has become possible to transfer toes to the hand, which is an excellent procedure for reconstruction of defective thumbs and fingers. This procedure was used on 32 patients involving 38 digits with satisfactory results.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Immunological responses in pregnancy. The studies on the role of the uterus in gestation and effects to lymphocytes subpopulation (author's transl)].

The lymphocytes that isolated from the both peripheral venous blood (PVB) and uterine venous blood (UVB) of pregnant women with a complication of myoma were studied on the subpopulation (E-rosette and S-Ig method) and lymphoblastoid transformation to mitogens. Two methods on the E-rosette in this study were applied to make a clear correlation between masking phenomenon and humoral factors. One is to be used lymphocytes that washed five times with P.B.S., the other one cultured in RPMI 1640 with 20% FCS for 72 hours afterward. The results were obtained as follows. 1) Although T-cell of UVB displayed significantly lower than that of PVB. The count of T-cell of both PVB and UVB elevated to standard level after washing five times with P.B.S. and/or cultured for 72 hours. 2) The average counts of B-cell by the S-Ig were not detected on the difference between of PVB and UVB. 3) No differences in ratio of lymphoblastoid were recognized on the both lymphocytes of PVB and UVB to PHA and PWM too. 4) AFter five times washing, the counts of T-cell in UVB improved to standard value range. Therefore no difference of the counts in T-cell were detected between in PVB and UVB.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1979

Synthesis of iodine-131 labeled 6 beta-iodomethyl-19-norsitost-5(10)-en-3 beta-ol and 19-iodositost-5-en-3 beta-ol for adrenal imaging.

6 BETA-Iodomethyl-19-norsitost-5(10)-en-3 beta-ol (V) was synthesized by homoallylic rearrangement of 19-iodositost-5-en-3 beta-ol (IV), which was obtained by the hydrolysis of 19-iodositost-5-en-3 beta-ol acetate (III) derived from the displacement of sitost-5-ene-3 beta, 19-diol 3-acetate 19-p-toluenesulfonate (I) with sodium iodide in isopropanol. The radioiodinated IV and V were prepared by isotope exchange with sodium iodide-I-131.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1979

Histological development of the equine fetal adrenal gland.

The horse fetal adrenal gland was shown to begin to increase in weight from about the end of the 4th month of pregnancy when the fetus has a crown-rump length of about 20 cm. Growth then proceeds steadily to term but, in contrast to the adult horse, the medulla remains thicker than the cortex throughout fetal life. The cortex also becomes established around 20 cm crown-rump length and at the same time the glomerular and fascicular zones become distinguishable. In contrast the reticular zone is not differentiated until around 50 cm crown-rump length. In the fetal adrenal cortex, the fascicular zone is less prominent than in the adult horse although counts of cell nuclei in the cortical region indicate hypertrophy of the fascicular cells during the last third of gestation.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1978

Treatment of cystic ovarian disease in dairy cattle.

Fourty-four Holstein Friesian cows diagnosed as having ovarian follicular cysts from rectal palpation of the ovaries and observation of estrous behavior were used for the present experiments. Of the 16 cows injected intramuscularly (i.m.) with 110 mg of depot-progestins containing 100 mg of 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate and 10 mg of progesterone in oil, 8 cows responded with conception with 103 +/- 53 days in average after the treatment. The 8 cows not responding to depot-progestins were injected i.m. with 6,000 MU of HCG on the 10th day after the treatment. As a result, 2 cows of them conceived within 72 days in average after the initial treatment. Of the other 16 cows injected i.m. with 100 mg of progesteron in oil, 3 cows conceived. Interval between the treatment and conception was 36 +/- 9 days in average. In the 11 cows which failed to respond to progesterone treatment, an intramuscular injection of 6,000 MU of HCG on the 5th day after treatment resulted in conception of 7 cows within 42 +/- 10 days in average after the first treatment. Of the remaining 12 cows which received an i.m. injection with 10,000 MU of HCG, 4 cows responded with conception with 64 +/- 51 days in average after treatment. No remarkable rise in serum progesterone levels was observed either 10 days after depot-progestins injection or 5 days after progesterone treatment. Serum progesteron levels increased distinctly after HCG injections. The combined treatment with 100 mg of progesterone and 6,000 MU of HCG at 5 days interval gave the most successful results and this treatment was effective even when performed long after calving. Thus this method of treatment of cystic ovarian disease may be recommended for practical application.

Animals↗