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Biomedical subjects

S Yamauchi

Publications and source records attributed to S Yamauchi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Digital replantation in children: a long-term follow-up study.

This paper reports a series of 14 cases of digital replantation in children who had had a total of 17 digits traumatically amputated. All but two digits survived, for an overall success rate of 88%. The length of follow-up was between 3 and 14 years (average 8 years). Sensory recovery of all digits was satisfactory. The mean growth rate of replanted digits relative to contralateral digits was 86%. Twelve cases had an excellent result, and one case had a good result. Digital replantation in children is recommended when feasible.

Amputation, Traumatic↗
PubMed1990

Existence of an endothelio-endothelial placenta in the insectivore, Suncus murinus.

The interhemal membrane of the chorioallantoic placenta in the insectivore Suncus murinus was investigated by means of electron microscopy. In the interhemal membrane the syncytiotrophoblast clearly intervened between the hypertrophied maternal endothelium and the fetal endothelium by day 20 of pregnancy. Although the syncytiotrophoblast showed a sieve-like feature from day 20 to 24, it was distinctly continuous. The syncytiotrophoblast, however, became discontinous in most areas of the labyrinthine zone after day 24, and finally both projections of the maternal and the fetal endothelium contacted each other. These findings indicate the focal existence of an endothelio-endothelial condition within an otherwise endothelio-chorial placenta.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Islet cell tumors of the pancreas. The diagnostic value of endoscopic retrograde pancreatography.

Eleven cases of pancreatic islet cell tumors were reviewed to compare diagnostic ability of endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) with other imaging modalities. ERP localized three out of five tumors studied and showed a suspicious finding in an additional patient. All these tumors were located in the pancreatic head. Thus, the diagnostic ability of ERP was superior in the head portion, where recognition of a tumor is often difficult at the operation, and a more complicated procedure is required for removal. Nonfunctioning islet cell tumors were localized by hypervascularity on angiogram, but retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma remained to be excluded in one patient. ERP with an indwelling balloon catheter revealed the pancreatic origin of the tumors and precisely determined the line of pancreatic resection by vividly visualizing pancreatic duct obstruction and intact distal branches. We conclude that ERP is helpful to localize functioning islet cell tumors of the pancreas especially in the head portion and plays an important role for planning resection of nonfunctioning islet cell tumors.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1990

Insolubilizing and adhesive studies of water-soluble synthetic model proteins.

Insolubilizing and adhesive studies of water-soluble synthetic copoly(Tyr1 Lysx) (x = 1-10) were examined using tyrosinase in water and simulated seawater systems. Tyrosinase oxidized tyrosine aromatic nuclei, causing intermolecular crosslinking reactions, which have been assigned by the absorption band at around 360 nm. The viscosities of the model polypeptides were affected by salinity and the kinds of salts in solution systems. As a whole the amino acid compositions, salinity, system pH and beta-structure conformation are considered to play roles in the insolubilizing reaction. The bonding strengths of the model polypeptides exhibited tensile strengths of 16-24 kg/cm2 without enzyme and 29-31 kg/cm2 with tyrosinase on iron, and increased up to 10 kg/cm2 on metals by the addition of tyrosinase as an oxidant.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1989

Lupus erythematosus cell formation by a monoclonal antibody derived from an autoimmune MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr mouse.

An MRP-2 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) was primarily a product of hybridoma selected by binding to poly(ADP-ribose) from a lupus prone MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL/l) mouse, and was shown to cross-react with single-stranded (ss) DNA. Detailed examination revealed that MRP-2 MoAb bound to a conformational epitope formed between double-stranded (ds) DNA and total histone: both H3 and H4 were essential for the formation of this conformational epitope with dsDNA. Because of this characteristic of the MoAb, its ability to induce lupus erythematosus (LE) cells was examined in an indirect LE test with peripheral blood of MRL/Mp-+/+ (MRL/n) mice, which develop a mild form of lupus after the age of one year. MRP-2 MoAb was found to induce hematoxylin bodies, LE rosettes and LE cells, but a direct LE test using MRL/n mouse blood did not induce LE cell phenomena. This is the first demonstration of induction of LE cells by a MoAb that binds to dsDNA-histone complexes.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Sagittal tomography in the supine patient.

The authors have developed a multidirectional tomographic unit to obtain sagittal images with the patient in the supine or prone position. The apparatus is particularly useful for examination of the vertebral column and sella turcica. It can be employed in circular (0 degrees -40 degrees) and spiral (10 degrees -32 degrees) motions. The apparatus provides correct and easy positioning of subjects with easy maintenance of posture. It reduces the distortional effects of respiration and thereby markedly improves reproducibility.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Histomorphometric study of the parathyroid glands of the spontaneously hypercholesterolemic (SHC) rats with chronic renal failure.

Light and electron microscopic morphometry was performed on the parathyroid (PT) glands of the SHC rats with naturally occurring chronic renal failure. Macroscopically, the PT glands were distinctively hypertrophied in 24-week-old male SHC rats when compared with the corresponding controls, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Light microscopic morphometry on consecutive sections of the PT glands showed that the volume was about 3 times greater in the SHC rats, whereas there was no difference in the size of the chief cells. Mitoses were often found in the PT glands of the SHC rats. The total number of mitoses was about 8.5 times greater in the SHC rats, and was closely related to the volume of the PT glands. Ultrastructural morphometry of the chief cells revealed an increase in the cell surface area by the interdigitation of the plasma membrane and increases in the volume of mitochondria and Golgi complex. Secretory granules sometimes existed close to the cell surface in the SHC rats, but not in the SD rats. These results suggest that the PT glands of the SHC rats are hyperplastic mainly because of the proliferation of the chief cells. Concurrently, an increase in volume of the cell organelles suggests enhanced secretion activity in the chief cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Prenatal and postnatal development of the small intestine in the insectivore Suncus murinus.

The development of the small intestine in the insectivore Suncus murinus was noted during the period from 21 days' gestation to 20 days after birth. At 21 days of gestation, the proximal small intestine exhibited the beginning of villus formation, whereas the distal small intestine preserved the stratified epithelium. Stratified epithelium in the distal small intestine changed into a single layer by 24 days' gestation. At 26 days' gestation, each epithelial cell was immature; but by 28 days mature-looking epithelial cells were found. The shape of the villi changed from cuboid to columnar during the same period. The connective-tissue cores of the villi began to develop at 7 days after birth in the proximal small intestine and at 15 days after birth in the distal small intestine. Crypts appeared at 15 days after birth. Endocytosis of epithelial cells took place at 28 days of gestation. In the proximal small intestine, supranuclear vesicle clusters were observed first at birth; they began to decrease both in number and size at 10 days' gestation and then disappeared completely by 20 days after birth. In the distal small intestine, large supranuclear vacuoles were observed first at 28 days of gestation. Although these vacuoles invariably were found up to 15 days after birth, they also disappeared completely by 20 days. Epithelial cells showed a structure similar to those of the adult after weaning.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The venous skin graft method for repairing skin defects of the fingers.

A venous skin graft for the treatment of skin defects in a finger is described. This procedure involves taking a flap from the forearm together with the subcutaneous vein and anastomosing both ends of this vein to the digital artery and vein, respectively. Thirteen difficult finger wounds were resurfaced with such a venous skin graft. The sizes of the flaps ranged from 1.3 X 3.0 cm to 2 X 5 cm. The lengths of the veins taken were from 6 to 12 cm. Subcutaneous fat is thin, and there is good elasticity in the grafted flap.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Anomalous junction of pancreaticobiliary duct without congenital choledochal cyst: a possible risk factor for gallbladder cancer.

Among 1586 patients subjected to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, an anomalous junction of the pancreaticobiliary duct (AJPB) was found in 24 patients (1.5%). Eighteen of the 24 had an associated congenital choledochal cyst, and six did not. Four of these six patients (66.7%) had gallbladder cancer. A clinicopathological study was performed on these four and 43 such cases reported in the literature. The diagnosis of AJPB was made by direct cholangiography. Median age of these 47 (53.5 yr) was younger than those without AJPB. The length of the common channel ranged from 15 to 53 mm. The pancreatic-biliary type junction was present in 36 of 39 cases (92.3%). Gallstones were present in 7 of 40 (17.5%). Levels of amylase in bile were high in 10 of 11. Presence of AJPB without congenital choledochal cyst may be a high risk factor in gallbladder cancer; hence prophylactic cholecystectomy should be considered for patients with AJPB, without congenital choledochal cyst.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Free peroneal flap coverage of the great toe defect resulting from a wrap-around flap transfer.

In thumb reconstruction, the wrap-around free flap from the great toe with distal terminal phalanx attached gives a better replica of a thumb esthetically and functionally and has many advantages. However, there are problems in the great toe, such as delayed wound healing, pain caused by long-time walking, ulceration, and skin erosion. We closed the skin defect of the great toe with a free peroneal flap in seven cases. In all cases of both the wrap-around flap and peroneal flap complete healing was obtained after the operation without trouble. The donor great toe causes no significant morbidity.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Endoscopic sphincterotomy in patients with difficult cannulation: use of an antegrade guide.

Difficulty in introducing a sphincterotome into the common bile duct remains a problem in the technique of endoscopic sphincterotomy. An antegrade guide passed through a percutaneous transhepatic catheter or a choledochal tube was successfully used to help retrograde insertion of the sphincterotome in 6 patients with difficult cannulation. This method is a safer and simpler alternative to precutting, decreasing the risk of acute pancreatitis. Also, when the papilla is located inside a diverticulum and difficult to reach by endoscopy, the antegrade guide is helpful for bringing it out of the diverticulum, allowing one to enter the common bile duct with the cutting probe.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Effects of oral administration of UFT in unresectable gastric cancer with liver metastasis].

A 62-year-old male was admitted because of upper abdominal mass. Exploratory laparotomy revealed unresectable gastric cancer, liver metastases and swelling of regional lymph nodes. Histological examination showed papillotubular adenocarcinoma. After 6 months' postoperative administration of UFT at a daily dose of 600 mg, X-ray and endoscopic examination revealed remarkable improvement of the gastric cancer. Computed tomography and ultrasonography showed disappearance of the mass in the liver and a remarkable decrease in the size of paraaortic lymph nodes. The cancer marker, serum CEA also decreased from 5.2 ng/ml to 2.1 ng/ml. At present, the abdominal mass is not palpable and the patient is asymptomatic except for pigmentation and being followed up in the outpatient department. This case suggests the possibility that UFT may be effective for advanced gastric cancer with liver metastases.

Adenocarcinoma↗