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Biomedical subjects

S Yachiku

Publications and source records attributed to S Yachiku.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[A double-blind trial on the effect of bunazosin hydrochloride for the symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy].

A multicenter clinical trial was carried out on 372 patients in double-blind conditions in order to determine the clinical effects of Ea-0643 (bunazosin hydrochloride) on voiding disorders in benign prostatic hypertrophy, compared with paraprost and placebo. Of the 372 patients, 129 were assigned to bunazosin hydrochloride, 118 to paraprost and 125 to placebo. The improvement rating for all five subjective symptoms improved with passage of time in all the bunazosin hydrochloride, paraprost and placebo groups. A higher improvement rating was obtained in the bunazosin hydrochloride group for retarded urination, urinary stream condition and abdominal pressure at voiding, while the improvement rating was higher for prolonged urination in the placebo group and for residual urine in the paraprost group, but there was no significant difference in improvement ratings between the groups. The daily frequency of voiding decreased to a significant extent in the bunazosin hydrochloride and placebo group at week 1, and there was a significant difference between the bunazosin hydrochloride and the paraprost groups and between the placebo and the paraprost groups. The improvement rating for conditions of voiding was higher with the bunazosin hydrochloride group, when "slightly or better improved" cases were taken into account, but there was no difference between the groups. As for objective symptoms, maximum and average flow rate, useful measures for clinical evaluation of drug effects on voiding disorders, were significantly increased, with a decrease to match in residual urine ratio in the bunazosin hydrochloride group. In terms of maximum and average flow rate bunazosin hydrochloride was significantly superior to paraprost at weeks 1 and 2 and superior to placebo at weeks 2 and 4 and at the final evaluation as well. In terms of residual urine ratio bunazosin hydrochloride was superior to both paraprost and placebo. The global improvement rating, as assessed by the U- and chi 2-tests, was significantly higher in the bunazosin hydrochloride group than in the paraprost group, and there was a significant difference in global improvement ratings, as assessed by the chi 2-test, between the placebo and the paraprost groups, when "moderately or better improved" cases were taken into account. The stratified analysis of the prostate glands, subjective symptoms, maximum flow rate and residual urine ratio revealed that in patients with more advanced conditions the bunazosin hydrochloride group showed significantly superior improvement rates than the paraprost and placebo groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical effects of oxybutynin hydrochloride (Pollakis)--especially in the treatment of pollakisuria, urgency and urinary incontinence].

The effects and the safety of oxybutynin hydrochloride were investigated in 52 patients, 17 male and 35 female, with the chief complaints of pollakisuria, urgency and urinary incontinence. Clinical responses to the drug were assessed mainly by the subjective symptoms of the patients. The diagnoses of these patients were neurogenic bladder in 17, unstable bladder in 16 and others in 19 patients. The average administration period was 66.8 days. The rate of global improvement (excellent and good) was 55% in the 2 mg dose given 3 times daily group, 68.2% in the 3 mg dose given 3 times daily group. Side effects, such as dry mouth, were observed in 2 of the 52 patients (3.8%), but no serious side effects were observed. The rate of global utility (remarkable and moderate) was 67.3%. These data indicate that oxybutynin hydrochloride seems to be useful and safe for the treatment of pollakisuria, urgency and urinary incontinence.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1990

[Percutaneous drainage of renal and perinephric abscesses].

Two patients with renal or perinephric abscess were successfully managed by percutaneous drainage under ultrasonic guidance. We recommend percutaneous drainage as the first choice of treatment for a renal or perinephric abscess instead of traditional open surgery, especially in a high risk patient.

Abscess↗
PubMed1990

[The therapeutic effect of norfloxacin on chronic prostatitis].

The clinical efficacy of norfloxacin (NFLX) was evaluated on 40 patients. They had subjective symptoms suggestive of prostate inflammations and more than five white blood cells (WBC)/hpf in their prostatic secretions (EPS) or VB3. Of these, gram negative rods were isolated from the EPS in 3 patients and gram positive cocci were obtained in 26 patients. The overall clinical efficacy was determined at the second week. The effectiveness rate of the subjective symptoms was 82.5%. The effectiveness rate of the WBC in the EPS was 47.4%. The effectiveness rate of the bacteria in the EPS was 64.3%. The overall clinical effectiveness rate was 77.8%. A subjective side effect was observed only in one patient who had skin eruption like urticaria. Mild liver dysfunction of blood chemistry analysis was shown only in two patients but they had had long standing chronic hepatitis. We conclude that NFLX is an effective drug for the patients with chronic prostatitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Clinical studies of ceftibuten in the field of urology].

We studied clinical effects and safety of ceftibuten (7432-S, CETB), a new oral cephem antibiotic, against chronic complicated urinary tract infections in 9 cases and bacterial prostatitis in 10 cases. CETB was administered at a daily dose of 400-600 mg divided into twice or 3 times for a duration of 1-4 weeks. The overall clinical effect was 83.3% according to the criteria of UTI Committees (excellent: 4 cases, moderate: 1, poor: 1) in evaluated 6 cases, and the efficacy rate was 77.8% in the bacterial prostatitis cases according to physicians' evaluation (good: 7 cases, fair: 2, unknown: 1). There was 1 case of nausea, vomiting and lightly diarrhea on the third day after treatment but those tendencies all disappeared after stopping administration. So, we concluded that CETB was a useful agent for chronic complicated UTI and bacterial prostatitis with a daily dose level of 400-600 mg except in severe cases.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Case report: secondary penile carcinoma.

We report a case of secondary penile carcinoma with primary tumor in the pancreas. Immunoperoxidase tissue staining of carbohydrate antigen 19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen and prostate-specific antigen was useful for diagnosis of original tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Histochemical study of external urethral sphincter in the rabbit. Analysis with construction of histograms].

Male rabbit's external urethral sphincter was examined by histochemical muscle fiber typing (myosin ATP-ase staining), and the analysis with construction of histograms regarding to muscle fiber types were performed. Rabbit's external urethral sphincter was predominantly composed of fast twitch (type 2) fibers (87.3%) as a whole. But the proportion of constituent fiber types varied according to the layers, i.e., the slow twitch (type 1) fibers constituted a relatively high percentage (33.4%) in the inner third layer, while few of the type 1 fibers were found in the outer third layer. The all histograms regarding to fiber type in different layers were normal bell-shaped distribution curves. The mena diameter of type 2 fibers (14.7 microns) was evidently larger than that of type 1 fibers (20.5 microns). All three kinds of muscle fibers equally tended to increase in size toward the outer direction, and in every three layers, the diameter of type 2 was larger than that of type 1 also. The definite differences in the proportion of fiber types and fiber sizes between layers may implicate that the inner and outer layers play different roles, i.e., continuous tonic constriction in the former and sporadic strong constriction of short duration in the latter, under different neural regulations. As far as rabbit's external urethral sphincter is concerned, sporadic strong constriction should be mainly dependent on the muscle fibers of large size composing the outer layer, especially the fast twitch fibers. It is possible that the rabbit is so adapted that it could interrupt urination promptly.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Analysis of the urinary risk factors of urolithiasis in healthy children].

Since incidence of idiopathic calcium oxalate urolithiasis in children was very low, a study was made to analyze the risk factors of calcium oxalate stone in male volunteers without any episode of urolithiasis. They were divided into four groups, group I: eight years old, group II: 11 years old, group III: 18 to 24 years old, group IV: 41 to 45 years old. Inhibitory activities of urine were significantly higher in groups of children than in groups of adults. However, inhibitory activities of filtered urine, extracted through filters with conserved limit of 25000 of molecular weight, were reduced significantly. Therefore, it was suggested that materials with molecular weight over 25000 participated in the inhibitory activities. Furthermore, the activities of filtered urine of group I were still higher than those of the non-filtered urine in groups of adults. Accordingly it was considered that substances less than 25000 of molecular weight also participated in the inhibitory activities in children. An analysis of uric acid, citrate, magnesium and uronic acid in urine revealed that magnesium excretion volume and magnesium concentration ratio to creatinine were higher in children than in adults. Magnesium seemed to boost the inhibitory activities in children. In the measurement of crystalloid materials, the concentration of calcium was significantly lower in children groups than in groups of adults. It seemed that calcium also takes part in reduction of incidence of urinary stone in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A case of primary transitional cell carcinoma of the prostate].

A 58-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with the complaint of pollakisuria and micturitional pain. The urine cytology showed malignant cells suggesting the urothelial cancer, but various examinations could not reveal the malignant lesion. The prostate was also normal by the digital examination, endoscopy, roentgenography, ultrasonography and serum markers, and the transperineal prostate biopsy showed no malignancy. Three years after the first admission the prostate showed slight hardness and the transperineal biopsy suggested adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Hormonal therapy was then started and the prostate showed no remarkable change until about two years later, when rapid progression of the prostatic tumor was recognized. The transperineal biopsy of the prostate revealed the transitional cell carcinoma with negative staining of Alcian-Blue, PAS and PSA (prostate specific antigen). The epithelia of the bladder and posterior urethra were normal. The radical cystoprostatectomy was done and the histological diagnosis was the pure type of primary transitional cell carcinoma of the prostate. The literatures were reviewed and the clinical differentiation between transitional cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the prostate was discussed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Image diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism].

Between January, 1983 and January 1988, the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism was made on 14 patients (8 primary and 6 secondary), and was identified operatively in all. The procedures for image diagnosis were computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography and scintigraphy. Scintigraphy was performed using Tc-99m and Tl-201 by a subtraction technique. For primary hyperparathyroidism, the accuracy of localization was 100% by CT, 87.5% by ultrasonography, 100% by scintigraphy, and 100% by the combination of these three methods. For secondary hyperparathyroidism, it was 68% by CT, 68% by ultrasonography, 36% by scintigraphy and 84% by the combination of these three methods. Ultrasonography and CT were quite useful for imaging of small abnormal parathyroid glands. The accuracy of scintigraphy in secondary hyperparathyroidism was low. Because the swellings of glands do not occur equally in most secondary hyperparathyroidism cases, we consider that large glands absorb the majority of injected radionuclides. Some discussion on merits and demerits of each image procedure was done.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Treatment of urinary tract infection with cefixime].

Cefixime (CFIX) was administered orally in the treatment of 59 cases of urinary tract infection (UTI). According to the response criteria defined by the Japanese UTI committee, the rate of clinical efficacy for 26 cases of uncomplicated cystitis was 96.2%. The rate of clinical effectiveness of five patients with complicated UTI and five with uncomplicated pyelonephritis was 80.0%. In the other 23 cases which did not meet the response criteria, the efficacy rate was also high. The results indicated that CFIX was an effective drug for the treatment of UTI.

Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary↗
PubMed1989

[A clinical study of prostatic carcinoma].

Seventy seven patients with prostatic carcinoma were treated in our clinic between 1977 and 1986. Most of them were treated by a hormonal agent as the first therapy. None of the 9 stage A1 cases showed any reactivation, but 4 of the 5 stage A2 cases relapsed to metastatic disease. The chemotherapy performed in 3 of the 4 reactivated cases had no obvious effect on the disease. Seven of the 8 patients with stage B disease were alive without relapse. Relapse was seen in the other patient who had poorly differentiated carcinoma and chemotherapy in this case resulted in stable disease for the present. Four of the 15 stage C cases including 3 poorly differentiated carcinomas were hormone resistant or reactivated. For these resistant cases radiotherapy and/or the chemotherapy were performed, but a response was seen in only one case. Consequently, the first therapy for stage A2, B and C of poorly differentiated carcinoma must be improved. Of the 40 stage D cases, 4 patients who were treated by an early combination of hormonal therapy and chemotherapy had a better prognosis than the others. These 4 patients had poorly differentiated carcinomas with multiple bone metastases. Two of these 4 patients were alive without relapse for 17 and 72 months, and one of the 2 patients with relapse was also alive for 75 months. We believe that early chemotherapy is the key for better prognosis in stage D cases.

Androgen Antagonists↗
PubMed1989

[A study of conditioning treatment of nocturnal enuresis by buzzer alarms].

A study of conditioning treatment with a buzzer alarm was made on 50 children with functional enuresis. The treatment was completely effective in 28 patients (56%), satisfactorily effective in 12 patients (24%), fairly effective in 9 patients (18%) and ineffective in 1 patient (2%). COmbining the numbers of the completely effective and satisfactorily effective groups, the cured rate was 80%. Within 3 months, 26% of the subjects were completely cured and 2% satisfactorily cured, and within 6 months, 44% were completely cured and 16% satisfactorily cured. This means that 60% were satisfactorily cured or better within 6 months. Though symptom of enuresis relapsed in 5 patients, all of them were finally cured. The treatment of enuresis with the alarm system was significantly more effective than medical treatment using tricyclic antidepressants and so on, and was assessed as the most successful treatment available at the present time.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Diffusion of sulbactam and cefoperazone into the prostatic tissue].

Diffusion of sulperazone (SBT) and cefoperazone (CPZ) into the prostatic tissue was studied in 20 cases. Two g of SBT/CPZ was injected intravenously and 1 hour later, prostatic tissue was obtained surgically and venous blood was drawn simultaneously. The serum concentration of CPZ (58.0 micrograms/ml +9.2) was higher than that of SBT (25.9 micrograms/ml +/- 9.3) and the prostatic tissue concentration of CPZ (14.9 micrograms/ml +/- 6.1) was higher than that of SBT (10.9 micrograms +/- 6.1). However, the SBT concentration ratio of prostatic tissue to serum level (P/S ratio) was significantly higher (42.5%) than that of CPZ (25.9%). The SBT concentration in the prostatic tissue was high enough to enhance the antibacterial activity of CPZ. SBT/CPZ was appraised to be an effective chemotherapeutic agent for infections of prostate caused by susceptible organisms, especially by beta-lactamase producing bacteria.

Aged↗