Biomedical subjects

S Yachiku

Publications and source records attributed to S Yachiku.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

[A clinical study of the changes of bone lesions after parathyroidectomy in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism].

We evaluated the changes of the bone lesions and their relative bone findings before and after parathyroidectomy in 23 patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Before the operation, all patients had bone and/or joint pain. In radiographic findings, subperiosteal bone resorption of the hand and a salt and pepper coloration of the skull were observed in all patients. Rugger jersey spine and the disappearance of the lamina dura were observed in about 90% of the patients. The bone mineral contents measured by single photon absorptiometry and digital image processing method had decreased in all of the patients compared with the mean values in sex- and age-matched controls. After the operation, the bone and/or joint pain had disappeared excluding three patients with recurrent hyperparathyroidism. The bone changes of the hand and the skull had improved in about 90% of the patients. However, the improvement rate was low in the vertebral and dental bone changes. The bone mineral contents increased significantly compared with the preoperative values. In recurrent cases, transient increase of the bone mineral contents was observed postoperatively. However, their values, were decreased gradually with the elevation of parathyroid hormone level. The evaluation of the bone lesions before and after parathyroidectomy not only indicates the effectiveness of the operation but also illustrates the function of the autotransplanted parathyroid tissues. We conclude that regular examination of the bone lesions after parathyroidectomy, paying attention to recurrent hyperparathyroidism and/or graft function, is mandatory.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

Proportions of fiber types in the external urethral sphincter of young nulliparous and old multiparous rabbits.

The proportions of fast and slow myosin molecules in specimen's of the external urethral sphincter (EUS) from 6 young nulliparous (6-month-old) and 6 old multiparous (2-year-old) rabbits were studied using myosin heavy chain electrophoresis. The percentages of fast and slow myosin molecules were 80.4 +/- 4.5% and 19.6 +/- 4.5% in the EUS from nulliparas, and 68.7 +/- 6.3% and 31.3 +/- 6.3% in the EUS from multiparas. The difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.01). We suggest that a selective decrease in the volume of type 2 (fast) muscle fibers and/or conversion of type 2 to type 1 (slow) muscle fibers had taken place in the EUS of old multiparas. The proportional change in the constituent muscle fibers of the EUS with aging may play a role in human genuine stress incontinence.

Aging↗

PubMed1993

Secondary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the prostate in a patient with ulcerative colitis.

Herein we report a rare case of prostatic invasion of rectal carcinoma in a patient with ulcerative colitis. Malignant transformation is a well-known complication of long-standing ulcerative colitis. Mucinous adenocarcinoma, with positive carcinoembryonic antigen and negative prostate-specific antigen, strongly suggested the rectal origin of the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗

PubMed1993

[Pelvic fibromatosis simulating urachal tumor--a case report].

We report a case of pelvic fibromatosis, which has been rarely found. A 36-year-old man referred to our hospital complaining of right abdominal pain and a swelling mass. Abdominal CT and transabdominal echogram revealed a tumor contacted to the bladder. A nonpapillary tumor (little finger sized) at the bladder dome was observed by cystoscopy, and the tumor was clinically considered as urachal tumor. Wide radical excision including the bladder and prostate was performed. Pathological diagnosis was pelvic fibromatosis arising from musculoaponeurotic structures in the pelvis: The fibromatosis is benign nonmetastatic tumor but the recurrence rate is considerably high. However, in the present case, 14 months after operation there is no recurrence yet.

Abdomen↗

PubMed1993

[A case of malignant paraganglioma].

Herein we report a case of paraganglioma. The metastatic lesion was incidentally found in a 64-year-old man by chest roentgenography. The primary tumor was extra-adrenal and was revealed to be malignant. The patient was normotensive without clinical symptoms despite extreme high serum and urinary dopamine levels. A venous injection of 5 mg metoclopramide elicited a significant increase of the blood pressure. This phenomenon disappeared after surgical excisions of the primary and metastatic lesions. The metoclopramide test is considered to be useful to diagnose asymptomatic paraganglioma.

Humans↗

PubMed1993

[Dementia, daily activities and micturition of the elderly living in a nursing home].

This report shows the relation between daily activities, dementia and urinary disturbance. The subjects consisted of 44 males and 110 females with an average age of 80 years (ranged from 57 to 102). We evaluated the daily activities, underlying diseases, state of urination and the intelligence by the scale of Hasegawa. The persons with diapers had a higher degree of dementia than those who could go to the lavatory. As the degree of dementia aggravated, the incidence of urinary incontinence significantly increased. Urodynamic studies were performed on 49 persons who had urinary disturbance. There were 25 persons with normal vesical function, 16 with overactive vesical function, and 8 with underactive vesical function. Since all of the incontinent persons without dementia had abnormal vesical function, pharmacologic therapy was expected to be effective for them to improve incontinence. Half of the incontinent persons with dementia had normal vesical function. Mental and physical disabilities seemed to be the main factors causing incontinence in these persons. The multidisciplinary approach including medication, behavior treatment and awareness of the nursing staff is important and effective to reduce urinary incontinence.

Activities of Daily Living↗

PubMed1993

[Two cases of male infertility with pathological dilatation of ejaculatory duct].

Two cases of male infertility with pathological dilatation of ejaculatory duct are reported. In both cases, the dilatated wall of the ejaculatory duct was incised at the vermontanum with a cold knife endoscopically. After the incision, the findings of semen analysis of one case improved markedly and his wife became pregnant. In another case, semen analysis was not improved. Transurethral incision seemed to be a useful modality for the treatment of pathological dilatation of ejaculatory duct.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

A new method for determination of urinary citrate.

We have developed a new assay technique using high-performance liquid chromatography. The assay was performed at a flow rate of 0.7 ml/min, a temperature of 60 degrees C and an ultraviolet absorption of 214 nm. Comparison of the results of the new assay with the results obtained for identical samples using the conventional fluorometric method demonstrated a very high correlation coefficient of 0.931.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Dimethylsulfoxide enhances the absorption of chemotherapeutic drug instilled into the bladder.

We examined the effect of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) on the absorption of a chemotherapeutic drug instilled into the bladder. Female Wistar rats with bladder tumors underwent intravesical instillation of normal saline (S group) or 50% DMSO (D group) prior to the administration of pirarubicin (tetrahydropyranyl-Adriamycin). The absorption of pirarubicin was estimated histologically by observing its fluorescence. In the S group, fluorescence of pirarubicin was observed only in the epithelial layer of normal or hyperplastic regions and in the cells of superficial layers of the tumor. In the D group fluorescence was observed in the entire bladder wall of normal or hyperplastic regions and extended to deeper regions of the tumors than in the S group. These findings indicate enhancement of the absorption of pirarubicin by pretreatment with DMSO.

Absorption↗

PubMed1992

Comparison of imaging methods for localization of parathyroid tumors.

Preoperative localization of parathyroid tumors by computed tomography (CT), thallium-201/technetium-99m pertechnetate subtraction scintigraphy (Tl-201/Tc-99m), ultrasonography (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was compared in patients with hyperparathyroidism (HPT) to examine the characteristics of each method. A total of 87 patients with HPT were divided into two groups according to the time when they were examined. Patients in group I were examined before MRI had been introduced in our hospital, and a 2.5-MHz transducer probe was used for US. Those in group II were examined by MRI and US using a 7.5-MHz transducer probe. Group I included 45 patients (36 with primary hyperparathyroidism [PHPT] and 9 with secondary hyperparathyroidism [SHPT]), and group II included 42 patients (15 with PHPT and 27 with SHPT). In both PHPT and SHPT and SHPT of group I and PHPT of group II, there was no significant difference in detection rates between all diagnostic methods. In patients with SHPT in group II, the detection rate was significantly higher for CT than for Tl-201/Tc-99m and MRI (both p less than 0.01), and for US than for Tl-201/Tc-99m (p less than 0.01). In both groups I and II, the detection rate of each study method was significantly higher in patients with PHPT than in those with SHPT (all p less than 0.01). Compared with group I, the rate was significantly improved in group II, in both types of patients. Regarding the location of the parathyroid tumor, the detection rate of CT was significantly higher for upper parathyroid glands than for lower glands, whereas that of US and Tl-201/Tc-99m was significantly higher for lower glands. The detection rate sharply increased when the tumor weight reached 250 mg (CT, US) or 1,000 mg (Tl-201/Tc-99m, MRI).

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[A study of inhibitory effect of chondroitin polysulfate on stone formation of calcium oxalate].

Chondroitin polysulfate (CPS) have inhibitory activity on stone formation of calcium oxalate. This study compared the inhibitory effect of three CPS (CPS S-I, CPS S-II, CPS S-III) with sodium pentosan polysulfate (SPP) and chondroitin sulfate (CS). Crystal growth inhibition was measured in a seeded crystal growth system with 14C-oxalate, and CPS S-I and CPS S-II were the most active substances inhibiting crystal growth. Since CPS S-II and CPS S-III had remarkable hemorrhagic adverse effect, these two substances were excluded from the following study. The study of administration of the rest of the substances (CPS S-I, SPP, CS) to rats revealed that CPS S-I highly inhibited formation of stone in kidney. About 65 percent of CPS S-I administered subcutaneously was excreted in 24 hours urine. Therefore it may be of value to study clinical usefulness of CPS S-I for treatment of patient with urolithiasis.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[Biochemical analysis of the external urethral sphincter of female rabbits].

The proportion of fast and slow myosin molecules in external urethral sphincter (EUS) was studied. The contents of fast and slow myosin light chains in EUS from 6 female rabbits (Japanese White, 6-month-old) were estimated using two-dimensional electrophoresis. The percentages of fast and slow myosin molecules were 54.5 +/- 14.9 and 46.0 +/- 14.9, respectively. It was thus shown that female rabbits EUS is composed of both fast and slow muscle fibers. The ratio of fast to slow myosins in female EUS was different from that in male EUS (fast myosin 90%). These results implicate that female and male EUS would be functionally distinct.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[A case report of inverted papilloma of the posterior urethra].

A case of inverted papilloma of the posterior urethra is reported. A 59-year-old male was admitted with the chief complaint of hematuria. Urethrogram revealed a small defect in the neck of the bladder. Endoscopic examination revealed a polypoid tumor on the stalk arising from prostatic urethra, and transurethral resection was performed. The patient has been subsequently followed up and there has been no evidence of recurrence. Although 141 cases of inverted papilloma have been reported in many anatomical sites of the urinary tract, only 19 cases involving the posterior urethra have been described in Japan. This is the 20th case of a posterior urethra.

Humans↗

PubMed1992

[Clinical study of parathyroidectomy of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic renal failure].

We performed parathyroidectomy for renal osteodystrophy due to secondary hyperparathyroidism on 16 patients with chronic renal failure who were refractory to medical management; subtotal parathyroidectomy on one patient and total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation on 15 patients. Postoperative clinical improvement, i.e., bone and/or joint pain, pruritus and radiographic signs of renal osteodystrophy, was marked. After the operation, serum calcium decreased rapidly and adequate calcium replacement therapy was necessary. The levels of intact parathyroid hormone decreased rapidly and serum concentration of alkaline phosphatase gradually decreased for a few months postoperatively. Recurrence was diagnosed in one patient, who underwent excision of the transplanted parathyroid tissue. Osteomalasia due to hypoparathyroidism was not seen clinically in this series. In preoperative image diagnosis, ultrasonotomogram (US) showed the highest detective rate of the enlarged parathyroid glands. However, combination of US, computerized tomography and 99mTcO4(-)-201T1C1 scintigram can be recommended as a localizing diagnostic method for compensating the disadvantages of each method. Clinical results after parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism are considered to be good. However, long-term followup is mandatory for early detection of persistent hyperparathyroidism or hypoparathyroidism.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[A case of multilocular renal cell carcinoma].

Herein we report case of multilocular cyst of the right kidney complicated with clear cell type renal cell carcinoma. The chief complaint of the 51-year-old male patient was macroscopic hematuria. He underwent radical nephrectomy and was administered postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with alpha-interferon. No recurrence was found 18 months after operation. Pathogenesis of multilocular cyst of the kidney and the mechanism of malignant transformation are discussed.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell↗

PubMed1992

[Primary carcinoma in diverticulum of the bladder: a report of three cases].

The first case was in a 48-year-old man admitted with a chief complaint of macroscopic hematuria and sense of residual urine. A tumor in the diverticulum of the bladder was detected by cystoscopy, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We made the diagnosis of an invasive tumor in the diverticulum of the bladder. Total cystourethrectomy and ileal conduit diversion was performed. Histopathological finding was transitional cell carcinoma including squamous cell carcinoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy was performed. No recurrence and metastasis has been recognized for 12 months. The second case was a 56-year-old man having an intradiverticular tumor diagnosed by cystoscopy, CT, and MRI. Total cystectomy and ileal conduit diversion was performed. Histopathological findings was squamous cell carcinoma. No recurrence has been recognized for 8 months. The last case was an 81-year-old man. The patient had the complication of a primary progressive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Transurethral resection of diverticular tumor was performed under the diagnosis of superficial tumor. Histopathological findings revealed transitional cell carcinoma. One hundred and sixty one cases of tumor in the diverticulum of the bladder were reviewed. Importance of aggressive treatment including total cystectomy was emphasized.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Epidemiology of urolithiasis in the elderly.

To estimate the epidemiology of upper urinary stones in the elderly, a total of 1,957 patients (1,349 men and 608 women) with urolithiasis were studied. The ratio of men to women was approximately 3:1 in middle-aged (between 30 and 59 years), 1:1 in young (29 or younger) and 1:1 in old patients (60 or older). Compared with the age distribution of the entire Japanese population, the incidence of urinary stones was very low in both male and female children, twice as high in middle-aged men, slightly higher in middle-aged women, and equal or slightly lower in the male and female elderly. Stones of calcium oxalate and uric acid occurred more frequently and those of calcium phosphate and struvite less frequently in men than in women. This tendency was especially obvious in the middle-aged. In the old generation, calcium oxalate stones occurred almost equally in men and women. Results of urinary stone analysis were similar among men of the three generations, although the incidence of uric acid stones increased with patient age. In women, however, the incidence of calcium oxalate was higher in the young and old generations, while that of calcium phosphate was higher in the middle-aged.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

Localization of small renal tumor by dynamic computerized tomography.

Herein we report on 4 cases of renal tumor whose diameter was less than 3 cm. A mass lesion was suggested by renal echography in mass screening program. Renal dynamic computerized tomography (CT) with bolus injection can delineate a mass lesion clearer than ordinary plain and enhanced CT, and renal angiography. In renal dynamic CT, tumor lesion is well depicted because of the difference between the time density curve in the tumor lesion and that in the surrounding renal parenchyma. Renal dynamic CT is considered to be an especially versatile modality to diagnose small tumors which are hardly delineated by ordinary enhanced CT.

Aged↗