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Biomedical subjects

S Walker

Publications and source records attributed to S Walker.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Procollagen-type III-peptide serum concentrations in chronic persistent and chronic active hepatitis and in cirrhosis of the liver and their diagnostic value.

Until now the determination of fibrotic processes in liver disease was restricted to histological examination of liver tissue. Recently a RIA was developed to determine the procollagen-type III-peptide concentrations in biological fluids. We used this RIA to measure the serum procollagen-type III-peptide concentrations in patients with chronic liver disease. Additionally in 24 patients with chronic persistent and chronic active hepatitis the collagen content in liver biopsies was determined histomorphometrically. The serum procollagen-type III-peptide concentrations in healthy controls (n = 40) were 6.4 +/- 0.6 ng/ml, in chronic persistent hepatitis (n = 47) 8.7 +/- 0.5 ng/ml, in chronic active hepatitis (n = 53) 20.8 +/- 2.9 ng/ml, and in alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver (n = 22) 47.7 +/- 6.1 ng/ml. Thus the patients with chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver showed significantly elevated serum procollagen-type III-peptide levels. In chronic hepatitis a highly significant correlation (p less than 0.001) could be demonstrated between collagen content in liver tissue and serum procollagen-type III-peptide concentrations. The determination of serum procollagen-type III-peptide concentrations may prove a new useful parameter in biochemical evaluation of liver disease.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1981

The role of salivary progesterone in studies of infertile women.

Fifteen women with normal menstrual cycles, dated by accepted criteria, had salivary progesterone concentrations during the luteal phase of the cycle which were significantly higher than those in the follicular phase. Progesterone concentrations in matched samples of plasma and saliva showed excellent correlation in both normal and infertile women. Salivary progesterone profiles derived from daily sampling of 20 infertile patients not only allowed accurate assessment of ovarian dysfunction but also indicated more effectively than conventional techniques the change in hormonal status following ovulation induction therapy with clomiphene citrate or bromocriptine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Pail immersion accidents.

An unusual type of immersion accident is that involving a pail or bucket of water in the home. We describe four cases of drownings or near drownings in pails and summarize the literature. A review of this type of submersion resulted in a morbidity of 15.4% and mortality of 6.5%. Stable vital signs and normal neurologic examination initially are good prognostic indicators. A number of questions remain to be answered about the pathophysiological effect of these pail contents to the lungs. This hazard must now be included as a part of every discussion of poison prevention by pediatricians.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed1981

Kinetics of cholesterol gallstone dissolution by glycocheno-, glyco-ursodeoxycholic acid, and mixtures of both in vitro.

Cheno- and ursodeoxycholic acid feeding are both efficient in conservative gallstone therapy. Urso decreases biliary cholesterol excretion even more than cheno. Glyco-urso becomes dose dependent the predominant bile acid conjugate in bile under urso feeding. We therefore studied the kinetics of cholesterol gallstone dissolution in aqueous solutions of 100 mM glyco-cheno, 100 mM glyco-urso, and mixtures of both consisting of 40 mM glyco-urso plus 60 mM glyco-cheno and 80 mM glyco-urso plus 20 mM glyco-cheno in vitro. The daily dissolution rates of cholesterol achieved by these solutions were for 100 mM glyco-cheno 0.87 +/- 0.1 mg (mean +/- SEM), for 40 mM glyco-urso plus 60 mM glyco-cheno 0.28 +/- 0.003 mg, for 80 mM glyco-urso plus 20 mM glyco-cheno 0.07 +/- 0.002 mg, and for 100 mM glyco-urso 0.07 +/- 0.03 mg. Correspondingly were the weight decreases of the gallstones by 100 mM glyco-cheno 1.2 +/- 0.1 mg/day, by 40 mM glyco-urso plus 60 mM glyco-cheno 0.3 +/- 0.01 mg/day, by 80 mM glyco-urso plus 20 mM glyco-cheno 0.11 +/- 0.02 mg/day, and by 100 mM glyco-urso 0.1 +/- 0.02 mg/day. Complete gallstone dissolution occurred during the observation time of 4 months only by 100 mM glyco-cheno in 12.8 +/- 3.3 weeks. Thus glyco-urso dissolves only little cholesterol and decreases the speed of cholesterol gallstone dissolution. It is concluded that high doses of urso in gallstone therapy which lead to great amounts of glyco-urso in bile may diminish gallstone dissolution rates.

Chenodeoxycholic Acid↗
PubMed1980

The effect of neoplasia-induced hypercalcemia on the neuroendocrine axis of the Fischer rat.

The effects of neoplasia-induced hypercalcemia on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis of the Fischer rat were determined by measuring the responses of TSH to TRH, PRL to TRH and haloperidol, and LH to LHRH in 3 groups of 8 rats prior to and at 4 and 8 days after transplantation of a Leydig cell tumor. The mean serum calcium was 8.2 +/- 0.2 mg/dl in 8 Fischer rats pretransplantation; had risen at 4 days posttransplantation to 9.8 +/- 0.2 mg/dl; and at 8 days was 11.2 +/- 0.1 mg/dl. TSH response to TRH was greater in the pretransplant rats than in the groups studied at 4 and 8 days posttransplant. Basal PRL levels and PRL responses to TRH and haloperidol were less in the groups studied at 4 and 8 days posttransplant. Basal LH values were similar in all 3 groups, but the LH response to LHRH was less for the posttransplant groups. The TSH response to TRH, PRL responses to TRH and haloperidol, and LH responses to LHRH were less in the 8 days posttransplants than in the groups studied at 4 days posttransplantation. There were significant negative correlations between TSH (r = -0.79) and PRL (r = -0.80) responses to TRH, PRL responses (r = -0.94) to haloperidol and LH responses (r = -0.91) to LHRH and the serum calcium. The results indicate that increasing levels of serum calcium following Leydig cell tumor transplantation are associated with suppression of adenohypophysial release of TSH, PRL, and LH; the degree of suppression is related to the magnitude of hypercalcemia achieved in this model.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Multiple myeloma with an IgD kappa monoclonal protein.

The case of a female patient with multiple myeloma in whom the circulating monoclonal protein was IgD with kappa light chains is presented. The case is extremely unusual and serves to emphasize how little is known about the function, metabolism, and regulation of immunoglobulin D.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed1980

Developmental patterns of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis in the euthyroid and hypothyroid male rat.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of rendering newborn male Sprague-Dawley rats hypothyroid with 131I on development of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Hormonal responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), haloperidol (H), and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) were determined at 9, 15, 30 and 75 days of age in hypothyroids and controls. Basal and TRH-stimulated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels were higher in the hypothyroids, and the developmental patterns of basal TSH secretion and TSH reserve were parallel in the two groups, with maximal TSH secretion occurring at 30 days. Basal prolactin (PRL) and PRL responses to TRH and H were less in the hypothyroids at all ages. Basal LH and LH responses to LHRH were greater in the controls at days 9 and 15, but the hypothyroid rats displayed greater basal and stimulated LH secretion at 30 days and values similar to controls at 75 days of age. These results suggest that development of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is altered in rats rendered hypothyroid shortly after birth.

Aging↗