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Biomedical subjects

S Wada

Publications and source records attributed to S Wada.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

NK cells in carcinomatous and tuberculous pleurisy. Phenotypic and functional analyses of NK cells in peripheral blood and pleural effusions.

To compare local immunity with that in peripheral blood, we examined 14 patients with carcinomatous pleurisy and 22 patients with tuberculous pleurisy by phenotypic and functional analyses of NK cells. We calculated the proportions of NK cells by means of anti-Leu 7 and anti-Leu 11 mAbs and the rates of NK cell activity by means of K 562. The percentages of Leu 7+ and Leu 11+ cells in both carcinomatous and tuberculous pleural effusions were lower than those in peripheral blood; however, there was no difference between carcinomatous and tuberculous pleural effusions in the proportions of Leu 11+ cells. The NK cell activity in tuberculous pleural effusions was the same as that in peripheral blood, while in carcinomatous pleural effusions, NK cell activity was lower than in peripheral blood; however, NK cell activity was much higher in tuberculous than in carcinomatous pleural effusions. Our study offers some pathophysiologic insight into the responses of NK cells to cancer and to tuberculosis in relation to peripheral blood and pleural effusion.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Recovery after radiotherapy from severe interstitial pneumonia due to paraquat poisoning.

A 51-year-old man was admitted 3 hours after ingesting approximately 50 ml of mixture of paraquat and organophosphate insecticide. His arterial oxygen pressure fell progressively to 44.6 mmHg. Diagnosed was paraquat-induced interstitial pneumonia. No improvement was observed after treatment with corticosteroid. The pneumonia, however, resolved after irradiation of both lungs and arterial oxygen pressure showed marked improvement. Radiotherapy to the lungs should be considered only in patients who showed progressive deterioration of respiratory function.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1987

[An autopsy case of triple primary cancers consisting of glioblastoma multiforme of the pons, colon cancer and rectal carcinoid--a statistical analysis of cases of brain tumor combined with other primary cancers in Japan autopsy annuals].

An autopsy case of glioblastoma multiforms of the pons with a colon cancer, a rectal carcinoid, a renal adenoma and three gastric leiomyomas in a 81-year-old-woman is reported with a statistical analysis on multiple primary cancers associated with primary brain tumors as reported in the Japan autopsy annuals. Out of 329, 705 autopsy cases from 1975 to 1984 in the Japan autopsy registry, double cancers and triple cancers that included a primary brain tumor amounted to 123 cases (0.037%) and 12 cases (0.0036%), respectively. Other sites for primary cancers were the thyroid (23%), the stomach (15%), the lungs (12%), and the colon (10%) in that order of frequency.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

[Blink reflexes in hemifacial spasm with special reference to the synkinetic responses].

Blink reflexes were studied in 20 patients with hemifacial spasm. The latencies of R1 on the affected side was not different from that on the unaffected side in 10 patients who had no previous facial nerve block, but increased in 10 patients with experience of facial nerve block. Synkinetic responses (SR 1, SR 2 and SR 2 c) were observed by the simultaneous recording from the orbicularis oris muscle on the affected side. SR 1 were obtained in all patients (100%), but SR 2 in 18 patients (90%) and SR 2 c in 19 patients (95%). The mean latency of SR 1 was slightly longer than the mean latency of R 1. When the site of stimulation was moved along the eyebrow from the supraorbital nerve approaching to the stylomastoid foramen, the latencies of R 1 and SR 1 became shorter, but R 2 and SR 2 were suppressed with increased latency. Following local anesthesia (xylocaine) to the temporal branch of the facial nerve, SR 1 was abolished with preserved R 1, R 2 and SR 2. On the other hand, R 2 and SR 2 were abolished with preserved R 1 and SR 1 following xylocaine block to the supraorbital nerve. The result suggested that the afferent pathway of SR 1 is the facial nerve (antidromic conduction) and that of SR 2 is the trigeminal nerve. Ephaptic transmission of those antidromic and orthodromic impulses forming a reverberating circuit should be one of the etiological factors in hemifacial spasm.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Reduction in responsiveness of thymocytes to phytohemagglutinin during bladder tumor induction and restorative effects of thymosin fraction 5 in rats.

Urinary bladder tumors were induced in female Wistar rats by oral administration of N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine [(BBN) CAS: 3817-11-6]. Hypertrophy or vascular formation was observed in the bladder membrane 8 weeks after BBN administration, and tumors became visible at the 15th week. At the 20th week, approximately 95% of these rats had bladder tumors. The response of thymus lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in these BBN-treated rats began to decrease from the 10th week and decreased significantly from the 18th week as compared with that in untreated rats. This reduced response to PHA was slower in comparison with the reduced response to concanavalin A. When thymus lymphocytes were preincubated with thymosin fraction 5 in vitro, the response to PHA improved between the 8th week and the 20th week. Furthermore, when the thymus small lymphocyte population was separated into 3 subpopulations by discontinuous density gradient centrifugation and adhesion column, the restorative effect of the thymus hormonal product was greater in the intermediate and heavier subpopulations.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[The influence of the right or left ventricular pressure overload on right and left ventricular diastolic behaviors as examined by pulsed Doppler echocardiography].

The influence of morphological and dynamic changes in the interventricular septum (IVS) on right ventricular (RV) and left ventricular (LV) fillings in cases of LV or RV pressure overload was evaluated. Using pulsed Doppler echocardiography, LV and RV inflow signals were recorded in 20 healthy subjects, in 36 cases of chronic pulmonary disease (CPD) with pulmonary hypertension, and in 46 cases of essential hypertension (HT). Two-dimensional short-axis echocardiograms were recorded at end-diastole (ED) and end-systole (ES) in the healthy subjects and in the cases with CPD. M-mode echocardiograms of the LV were recorded in the healthy subjects and in the cases with HT. We measured (1) the ratio of the peak velocity of inflow due to atrial contraction to that of rapid inflow (A/R), (2) the deceleration half-time of rapid inflow (delta TD), (3) the corrected radius of curvature of the IVS at ED and ES, (4) the % change of lengthening (CL) of 16 radial grids using a fixed method on the ED and ES short-axis images, and (5) the IVS end-diastolic thickness (IVSEDTh). The results were as follows: 1. In the patients with CPD, (1) the diastolic behavior was impaired not only in the RV, but in the LV as well, as shown by the increased A/R and prolonged delta TD in both ventricles, (2) the IVS was flattened at ED, as shown by the decreased corrected radius of the curvature, (3) the regional wall motion of the IVS was impaired, as shown by the decreased CL of the IVS. 2. In the patients with HT, (4) the RV diastolic filling was not impaired, (5) the LV A/R correlated with IVSEDTh, but the RV A/R did not correlate with IVSEDTh. We concluded that RV pressure overload interferes with IVS motion during diastole, and that the regional impairment of diastolic behavior of the IVS causes impairment of LV diastolic filling. Furthermore, the increased IVS wall thickness due to LV pressure overload has a little or no influence on the RV inflow pattern because the RV free wall was so distensible as to overcome the effect of increased IVS stiffness.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Brachytherapy--carcinoma of the tongue].

In a review of 193 patients with carcinoma of the tongue who underwent interstitial radiotherapy in our hospital from November 1978 to 1986, 5 year actuarial local control rate were 97%, 87%, 58% and 77% for T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. Mucosal ulcers with tissue defects and bone exposure of the mandible occurred in 5 years after the treatments, 6%, 22%, 44%, and 100% for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. Therapeutic ratio was 1 in patients with T1 who underwent interstitial radiotherapy (70 Gy/7 days) alone while it was less than 1 in those with T2 or more. Therapeutic gain factor was less than 1 in patients with combined external radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Significance of IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen for the differential diagnosis of acute and chronic hepatitis B virus infection and for the evaluation of the inflammatory activity of type B chronic liver diseases.

IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) was assayed using a commercial kit in acute and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and evaluated for its diagnostic and clinical significance. IgM anti-HBc was positive in all of 21 cases with type B acute hepatitis in the acute phase, and was also detected in 5 of 20 cases with type B chronic persistent hepatitis, in 4 of 20 patients with type B chronic active hepatitis and in one of 10 with type B liver cirrhosis. The absence of this marker was noted in all of 20 asymptomatic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers and in 50 with HBsAg-negative patients with liver disease and in 200 healthy blood donors. The cut-off index of IgM anti-HBc was greater than 2.0 in all serum samples obtained in the acute phase of type B acute hepatitis, but was below 2.0 in type B chronic liver disease. A close relationship was found between the presence of IgM anti-HBc and the degree of inflammatory activity in patients with HBsAg-positive chronic liver disease. These data show that examination of IgM anti-HBc is useful in distingushing type B acute hepatitis from type B chronic liver disease, and also in evaluating the severity of disease in type B chronic liver disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Phenotypic and functional study of natural killer cells in tuberculous pleurisy patients.

The phenotypic and functional characteristics of the cells that mediate "natural killer" (NK) cytolysis were examined by using anti-Leu 7 monoclonal antibody specific for NK cell in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMC) and pleural effusion mononuclear cells (PEMNC) from the tuberculous pleurisy patients. The proportion of Leu 7+ cells in PEMNC was observed significantly lower than in PMC, whether the patients were treated or not. Before treatment NK cell activity, precisely cytotoxicity against K 562, in PEMNC was apparently higher than in PMC. There was little relationship between proportion of leu 7+ cells and NK cell activity. Further, the mechanism of high NK cell activity in PEMNC was analysed by coculture with a healthy control's PMC and a tuberculous pleural effusion. The NK cell activity of Leu 7+ cells was augmented by low molecular soluble factor(s).

Adult↗