Experimental production of early brain lesions in rats by parenteral administration of manganese chloride.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
S V Chandra
Publications and source records attributed to S V Chandra.
Nature of cobalt chloride induced lipemia and hypercoagulability of blood in rabbits.
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Animals↗
Electron microscopic effects of thallium poisoning on the rat hypothalamus and hippocampus: biochemica changes in the cerebrum.
Rats were given thallous acetate (5 mg elemental thallium/kg body weight) IP daily for 7 days and prepared for electron microscopy (perfusion-fixation) and for biochemical study. Increased incidence of Golgi zones and electron-dense bodies were observed in the anterior hypothalamus and hippocampus. Sequestrated axons were seen in the hypothalamus. Depletion of succinic dehydrogenase and guanine deaminase occurred in the cerebrum.
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Blood and placental lead levels in an Indian city: a preliminary report.
A preliminary investigation was carried out in a hospital in the city of Lucknow, India, to provide information on the possible range of lead (Pb) exposure in pregnant women and fetuses, to correlate high Pb levels with various socioenvironmental factors, and to examine any possible association between reproductive outcome and Pb levels in this population. The results indicate that maternal blood lead levels were higher in those who experienced abnormal deliveries and in those who ate nonvegetarian diets or drank groundwater compared with the respective control groups. Placenta, cord blood, and fetal membranes from both normal and abnormal delivery cases showed no significant differences in their Pb content. Other socioenvironmental factors did not influence these Pb levels. However, incidence of higher Pb levels in maternal blood (17% and 38% with Pb > 25 micrograms/dl in normal and abnormal deliveries, respectively) and cord blood (> 10 micrograms/dl) reflect a need for regular monitoring and lowering of environmental Pb exposure.
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Effect of low protein diet on manganese neurotoxicity: III. Brain neurotransmitter levels.
The effect of concurrent low protein (10% casein) diet and manganese (Mn) exposure (3 mg/ml drinking water) on brain levels of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were investigated in Fo-growing (90 days exposure), Fo-diet rehabilitated (low----normal protein diet-28 days) and F1-weaned rats. Mn exposure in either diet group resulted in a significant increase in the DA and NE levels but a decrease in the 5-HT level. These effects were more pronounced in the rats fed the low protein diet, especially in the F1-offsprings. Diet rehabilitation reduced the effects of Mn exposure.
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Developmental and longterm neurobehavioral toxicity of low level in-utero cadmium exposure in rats.
The developmental and behavioral toxicity of gestational exposure to low levels of cadmium (Cd, 4.2 and 8.4 micrograms/ml in drinking water) were assessed in rats. Significant decreases in birth weight and growth rate were observed in the 8.4 micrograms Cd/ml group. The metal exposure had no effect on the ontogeny of physical landmarks, surface and air righting reflexes and visual placing, but a significant hyperactivity and delay in the development of cliff aversion and swimming behavior were observed in the neonatal pups of either treatment group. Marked decreases in the locomotor activity shuttle box performance were evident at 60 days but not at 90 days of postnatal life. The apomorphine-induced hyperactivity was not affected in these rats at either age. These data indicate that Cd exposure during the critical periods of development might result in developmental and behavioral deficits with longterm implications on adult behavior.
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Effect of low protein diet on manganese neurotoxicity: I. Developmental and biochemical changes.
The first in a series of studies on the effect of concurrent low protein diet (10% casein) and manganese exposure (Mn2+, 3 mg/ml drinking water) in rats is reported here. The effect on growing (Fo-90 days) rehabilitated (Fo low leads to normal protein diet-28 days) and the F1 generation pups (weaned) were studied. Mn2+ exposure had no significant effect on growth pattern, brain weight or brain and plasma protein contents in either dietary groups. The diet regimen had no significant effect on the accumulation of Mn2+ in brain in any of the groups studied but the levels were higher in the F1 pups than in the parent (Fo) generation. In the F1 pups Mn2+ exposure had no effect on eye opening in either dietary group, delayed the development of startle reflex in low protein fed group only but the air righting reflex development was delayed in both the dietary groups, the effect being more marked in the low protein fed group. These changes reflect the early neurotoxic effect of Mn2+.
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Effect of low protein diet on manganese neurotoxicity: II. Brain GABA and seizure susceptibility.
The effect of manganese (Mn2+, 3 mg/ml drinking water) on brain GABA content and electroshock seizure susceptibility in low (10% casein) and normal (21% casein) protein fed rats were investigated. Manganese exposure caused a decrease in the brain GABA content, lowered the seizure threshold and increased the seizure duration. These effects were more marked in the low protein fed rats. Diet rehabilitation caused a recovery in the GABA levels but has only a moderating effect on the seizure susceptibility and duration. An inverse correlation was observed between the brain GABA levels and seizure threshold. Results indicate a lowered GABA-ergic activity and a functional dysbalance between the GABA-ergic-dopaminergic neuronal systems in manganese toxicity.
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