Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Tyano

Publications and source records attributed to S Tyano.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Serotonin (5-HT) uptake by blood platelets in anorexia nervosa.

Platelet serotonin (5-HT) uptake was determined in 15 underweight anorexia nervosa patients and a control group of 15 healthy individuals. The Vmax (picomoles/10(8) platelets/5 min) was 424 +/- 103 in patients and 424 +/- 69 in controls. The Km was 1.19 +/- 0.2 microM in patients and 1.08 +/- 0.17 microM in controls. The differences between the groups were not significant. These findings do not support the hypothesis that serotonin metabolism is disturbed in anorexia nervosa.

Anorexia Nervosa↗
PubMed1987

Lack of effect of 28 days of neuroleptic treatment on platelet benzodiazepine binding sites in schizophrenics.

Twenty-eight days of neuroleptic treatment of 11 schizophrenics aged 16-23 years did not affect the binding values of 3H-PK 11195 to platelets. This lack of effect was in contrast to reduced peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites (PBS) observed in platelets of schizophrenics medicated over 2 years. These results may indicate that neuroleptic-induced down-regulation of PBS is a time-dependent phenomenon.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Peripheral-type benzodiazepine-binding sites in platelets of schizophrenics with and without tardive dyskinesia.

The density of peripheral-type benzodiazepine (BZ)-binding sites was studied in platelets of 10 medicated chronic schizophrenics with tardive dyskinesia (TD), 10 medicated chronic schizophrenics without TD, 7 drug-free schizophrenics, and 10 normal controls. The age range of the study population was 36-60 years. Age and sex distribution were similar in all 4 groups. The unmedicated schizophrenics did not differ in their maximal binding capacity from the healthy controls. A significant decrease in the density of peripheral-type BZ-binding sites in platelets was observed in treated schizophrenics both with and without TD in comparison to controls and untreated schizophrenics. The reduction in [3H]PK 11195 binding was more pronounced in TD patients (31.3% of controls) than in patients without TD (21.1% of controls). However, this parameter failed to discriminate statistically between TD and non-TD medicated schizophrenics.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

High affinity [3H]imipramine binding and serotonin uptake to platelets of adolescent females suffering from anorexia nervosa.

High affinity [3H]imipramine binding and [3H]serotonin uptake to platelets were investigated in 17 anorexic females aged 15-18 years as compared to 15 healthy females of similar ages. A significant decrease in the density of [3H]imipramine binding sites was observed in anorexics as compared to controls (368 +/- 40 vs 517 +/- 38 fmoles/mg protein, p less than 0.01). No alteration in Kd values or in the kinetic parameters of serotonin uptake (Vmax, Km) were noted. The fact that the decrease in imipramine binding is not accompanied by a parallel reduction in serotonin uptake might indicate that anorexia nervosa is not ultimately related to major depression and that the imipramine binding site is not identical to the serotonin uptake site.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Decreased peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites in platelets of neuroleptic-treated schizophrenics.

A decrease of 30% was observed in the density of peripheral-type benzodiazepine binding sites in platelets of nine schizophrenics maintained on chronic neuroleptic treatment as compared to platelets of six untreated schizophrenics and 15 healthy volunteers. The equilibrium dissociation constant for binding by [3H]PK 11195, which is a ligand specific for peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites, was similar in all three groups. The relevance of the reduction in peripheral-type benzodiazepine binding sites to central or peripheral side-effects induced by long-term neuroleptic treatment merits further investigation.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Reduced 3H-imipramine binding but unaltered 3H-serotonin uptake in platelets of adolescent enuretics.

High affinity 3H-imipramine binding and 3H-serotonin uptake to platelets was evaluated in nine untreated adolescent enuretics (ages 13-18) and nine age- and sex-matched controls. A significant decrease in the maximal binding of 3H-imipramine (Bmax) was observed in the enuretics as compared to the controls. No alteration in the affinity of 3H-imipramine to its binding sites (Kd) or in serotonin uptake kinetic parameters (Vmax, Km) was detected. The lack of correlation between Bmax and Vmax values might indicate that the binding sites for imipramine and the sites for serotonin uptake are not identical.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

High-affinity imipramine binding and serotonin uptake in platelets of eight adolescent and ten adult obsessive-compulsive patients.

The authors evaluated high-affinity [3H]imipramine binding and [3H]serotonin uptake to platelets in eight adolescent and 10 adult patients who met DSM-III criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder in comparison with those of normal control subjects of similar ages. The maximal binding of [3H]imipramine was significantly lower in adults and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder than in the control subjects. No differences between groups in the affinity of [3H]imipramine to its binding sites or in serotonin uptake kinetic measures were detected. The lower density of [3H]imipramine binding sites in platelet membrane in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder might implicate involvement of the serotonergic system or might represent an adaptive response to a chronic disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[The post-traumatic syndrome: 6 months after the trauma].

In 61 persons examined six months after their evacuation for an acute combat syndrome, the clinical wide range of which is well known, the presence of a clear psychiatric anamnesis (only noticed in the fourth part of the cases) or of a significant immediate psychic reaction, had no influence on the clinical picture of the post-traumatic syndrome. The depressive affect emerged from unvarying current features. Three quarters of the patients still offered such a very homogeneous "block". This short duration study only concerned people who went on living in a familial or social environment, but whose problem of disablement had not yet been settled, consequently excluding the most serious and mildest cases. However, concerning combat stress or traumas in civil surroundings, the data gathered show the necessity of an early and active therapeutic approach.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Decreased high affinity 3H-imipramine binding in platelets of enuretic children and adolescents.

High affinity 3H-imipramine binding sites have been demonstrated in human brain and platelet membranes. It has been suggested that these binding sites selectively label serotonin transporter or uptake sites. Since imipramine has a beneficial effect in the treatment of nocturnal enuresis, the present study was carried out to investigate a possible association between alteration in 3H-imipramine binding parameters in enuretics in comparison to nonenuretic control subjects. 3H-Imipramine binding to platelets was examined in 16 enuretic children and adolescents and compared to that in 22 healthy subjects of similar ages. A significant reduction was observed in the number of 3H-imipramine binding sites, while the dissociation constants (Kd) did not differ significantly in the platelets of enuretics as compared to controls. 3H-Imipramine binding values did not discriminate between familial and nonfamilial enuresis. These results may indicate that an alteration in the serotonin transporter in peripheral or central neuronal levels might be involved in the pathophysiology of nocturnal enuresis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Elective mutism--an atypical antecedent of schizophrenia.

Elective mutism (EM) is a rare psychiatric condition of childhood involving refusal to speak in social situations. We herewith describe such a case which developed into a full-blown schizophrenic illness. This may be the first detailed report of such an outcome in the literature.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Behavior therapy, pimozide treatment and prolactin secretion in anorexia nervosa.

The involvement of the hypothalamic dopaminergic pathway in the treatment of anorexia nervosa (AN) was evaluated by monitoring the serum prolactin (PRL) levels in 10 adolescent anorectic females. 5 patients were treated by behavior therapy program and 5 were treated with pimozide, an antidopaminergic drug. The study was conducted for a period of 20 weeks. Elevation of PRL levels was used as an indicator of antidopaminergic activity. PRL was increased in the 5 patients receiving the antidopaminergic agent, while no elevation was observed in the patients undergoing behavior therapy. All 10 patients were treated successfully as expressed by their gradual gain in weight. It is concluded that antidopaminergic activity does not seem to be a prerequisite for clinical improvement.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and mania in an adolescent.

The case is presented of a twelve-year-old boy suffering simultaneously from Tourette Syndrome (TS) and a manic episode. The problems of this unique clinical association are discussed from the point of view of differential diagnosis, treatment, and possible biochemical basis. The case also illustrates the usefulness of the expanded concept of TS as a neuropsychiatric disorder with dysregulation of perceptual, motor, and cognitive functioning.

Bipolar Disorder↗