Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Takeda

Publications and source records attributed to S Takeda.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

[An autopsy case of progressive supranuclear palsy showing "pure akinesia without rigidity and tremor and with no effect by L-dopa therapy (Imai)"].

Eleven cases of "pure akinesia without rigidity and tremor and with no effect by L-dopa therapy" were first reported by Imai in 1980. Three cases were added by Hayashi and Hayashi (1983). However there have been so far no autopsy cases, remaining the nosological position of this syndrome uncertain. The authors have had an opportunity of observing the third case in the report by Hayashi and Hayashi for 8 years and autopsy was done as well. Case report The patient was a female farmer. On account of postural-reflex troubles, the pulsion phenomenon and feet freezing, which had progressed since the age of 54, she easily tumbled over. Eight years after the beginning of those symptoms, vertical oculomotor palsy, pseudobulbar palsy and dementia were added; she was diagnosed as a progressive supranuclear palsy. Before this diagnosis, her illness was being regarded as "pure akinesia without rigidity and tremor and with no effect by L-dopa therapy". Neck dystonia was not observed even in the terminal stage. She died at the age of 65. The total clinical course was about 11 years. Pathological observation The brain weighed 1,170 g before fixation. Marked atrophy of the subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus and pontine tegmentum was observed. The substantia nigra was shown to be severely depigmented. Microscopically, loss of neurons and gliosis were seen in the subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus, substantia nigra, hypothalamus, superior colliculus, central grey matter, brain stem reticular formation, cerebellar dentate nucleus, etc. The characteristic finding was the appearance of neurofibrillary tangles in these regions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Atrial natriuretic peptide elevates cGMP contents in glomeruli and in distal tubules of rat kidney.

Effect of synthetic rat atrial natriuretic peptide (1-28) (ANP) on the cGMP content was studied using defined nephron segments of rat kidney. ANP elevates cGMP contents in glomeruli in a concentration and time-dependent manner. The increase of cGMP was observed in glomeruli, distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and cortical collecting tubule (CCT) (delta %; 279 +/- 35, 148 +/- 10 and 152 +/- 18, respectively), and no effect was observed in proximal convoluted (PCT) and straight tubule (PST). These results suggest that ANP may act directly on the tubular cells as well as glomeruli. In glomeruli, effects of ANP and carbamylcholine on cGMP contents were additive suggesting that these two agents may act on different receptors. Angiotensin II and norepinephrine failed to affect the ANP-induced cGMP production in the glomeruli.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1986

An application of the microcomputer as a generator of target movements for the eye tracking test (ETT).

We have developed a new system to produce target movements for our particular purposes using a microcomputer and 9-bit digital-to-analog converter. A continuously changing sinusoidal wave was produced to examine the relationship between the frequencies of target movements and smooth pursuit. A random sinusoidal wave was produced to make clear the predictive function of smooth pursuit.

Computers↗
PubMed1986

Distribution of serotonin-containing cell bodies in the brainstem of the human fetus determined with immunohistochemistry using antiserotonin serum.

The distribution of serotonin (5HT) neurons was investigated in the brainstem of 8 human fetuses ranging in age from 15 to 27 weeks of gestation. We conducted the peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) immunohistochemical technique using antiserotonin serum to detect the cell bodies of 5HT-containing neurons. Positively stained 5HT neurons were clearly demonstrated in the brainstem of all fetuses examined. They varied in shape, showing round to oval cell bodies with unipolar, bipolar, or multipolar processes. A large number of 5HT neurons were located in the midline raphe nuclei. In addition, numerous 5HT neurons were observed widely in the other tegmental areas. The nuclei containing 5HT neurons were listed according to the terminology by Olszewski and Baxter for human brainstem, and an atlas was given. The distribution of 5HT neurons in the raphe nuclei of human fetuses was essentially similar to those of many mammals already reported. However, the lateral extension of 5HT neurons to the other tegmental areas beyond the midline raphe nuclei was much greater in human fetuses compared to other mammals.

Brain Stem↗
PubMed1986

Association of atherosclerosis with increased atrophy of brain matter in the elderly.

The association of atherosclerosis with brain atrophy was studied in 101 subjects (75 men and 26 women) using computed tomography (CT). A calcification index (CI) was calculated as an indicator of atherosclerosis in the abdominal aorta: the calcified portion along the entire circumference of the abdominal aorta X 80. Both the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) space volume and the volume percentage of the CSF space to the cranial cavity [brain atrophy index (BAI)] were calculated as indicators of brain atrophy. The CSF space volume increased with increasing age after the 70s. The BAI increased with increasing age after the 60s. Both the CSF space volume and the BAI in the 70s were 1.8 times those in the 40s. The CI increased with increasing age after the 50s very rapidly, and the CI in the 70s was 54 times that in the 40s. Both the CSF space volume and the BAI were greater in atherosclerotic (CI greater than or equal to 3.0) than in nonatherosclerotic (CI less than 3.0) subjects in the 60s and the 70s.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Effects of gomisin A, a lignan component of Schizandra fruits, on experimental liver injuries and liver microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes].

Effects of oral administration of gomisin A, one of the components isolated from Schizandra fruits, on liver injuries induced by CCl4, d-galactosamine and dl-ethionine and on liver microsomal drug-metabolizing enzyme activities were investigated. Gomisin A suppressed the increase of serum transaminase activities and the appearances of histological changes such as degeneration and necrosis of hepatocyte, inflammatory cell infiltration and fatty deposition in each type of liver injury. The repeated administration of gomisin A (30 or 100 mg/kg, p.o., daily for 4 days) induced an apparent increase of liver weight in liver-injured and normal rats. Gomisin A decreased serum triglyceride and lipid contents of the liver in biochemical studies. Increases of microsomal cytochrome b5 and P-450, elevations of NADPH cytochrome C reductase, aminopyrine N-demethylase and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activities and decrease of 3,4-benzo(a)pyrene hydroxylase activity per cytochrome P-450 were observed after the administration of gomisin A. In addition, gomisin A was found to enhance the incorporation of 14C-phenylalanine into liver protein and to shorten the hexobarbital-induced sleeping time. These changes caused by gomisin A were similar to those by phenobarbital. However, gomisin A is distinctly different from phenobarbital in the finding that phenobarbital lessened the survival ratio of CCl4-intoxicated mice, but gomisin A did not. Our observation suggest that gomisin A shows an antihepatotoxic action by oral application and also has hypolipidemic (mainly triglyceridemic) and liver protein synthesis-facilitating actions and that the enlargement of the liver seen with gomisin A is the adaptive hypertrophy which is due to the induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Effects of TJN-101 ((+)-(6s,7s,R-biar)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1,2,3,12-tetramethoxy-6,7 -dimethyl-10,11-methylenedioxy-6-dibenzo [a,c] cyclooctenol) on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy, and on regional hepatic blood flow and fine structure of the liver in normal rats].

Effects of TJN-101, one of the components isolated from Schizandra fruits, on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy, and on regional hepatic blood flow and fine structure of the liver were investigated in normal rats. TJN-101, which was administered orally at the doses of 10, 30 and 100 mg/kg/day for 4 days after partial hepatectomy, increased the regeneration rate of the liver and improved the serum retention rate of BSP which had been dose-dependently decreased after the operation. Elevation of serum protein to control levels, elevation of serum LCAT activity, decrease in plasma insulin and increase in plasma glucagon were all dose-dependent responses to TJN-101. The mitotic index on the 5th day after the operation was hardly influenced by TJN-101. Regional hepatic blood flow was increased after intraduodenal administration of TJN-101 (30 and 100 mg/kg). Ultrastructural studies of liver tissue using the transmission electron microscope revealed that TJN-101 stimulated an increase in rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the groups receiving 100 and 300 mg/kg/day. These results suggest that TJN-101 accelerates both the proliferation of hepatocytes and the recovery of liver function after partial hepatectomy and increases hepatic blood flow. It is also thought that the liver enlargement caused by repeated administration of TJN-101 is associated with the proliferation of endoplasmic reticulum.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Concentrations and origin of oxytocin in breast milk.

Samples of human milk obtained from lactating women in the early postpartum period were assayed for oxytocin concentrations by specific RIA, following extraction procedures with Florisil. Mean oxytocin concentrations in human milk at postpartum day 1 to 5 were 4.5 +/- 1.1, 4.7 +/- 1.1, 4.0 +/- 1.3, 3.2 +/- 0.4, 3.3 +/- 0.6 microunits/ml (+/- SE), respectively. Oxytocin levels in milk were significantly increased by nursing (3.1 +/- 0.6, 5.3 +/- 1.0 microunits/ml, respectively). 3H-oxytocin in human milk was stable even after incubation at 37 degrees C for 2 hours. The dilution curve for milk was parallel to the curve for the standard oxytocin. The chromatographic fraction of immunoreactive oxytocin was identical to that of 3H-oxytocin. 3H-oxytocin was administered to lactating rats. Radioactivity in the neonatal gastric contents and plasma were 12.8% and 4.4% of the counts in the maternal plasma. It was made clear that oxytocin is stable in milk and that oxytocin in maternal blood can be transferred to mik and then to neonates.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Age-related change in calcifications in the thoracic aorta: a study with computed tomography.

Calcifications in the thoracic aorta at the level of the 11th and the 12th thoracic vertebrae in 592 men and 333 women were studied using computed tomography. The ages ranged from 40 to 88 years. Incidence of calcification increased proportionally to the advancing age from the forties to the eighties in men, and from the fifties to the seventies in women: incidence of calcification (%) = 2.41 X age (years)-113 in men (p less than 0.01); incidence of calcification (%) = 3.16 X age (years)-160 in women (p less than 0.01). Calcification index (CI) was calculated as an indicator of calcification in the thoracic aorta: (calcified portion along the entire circumference of the aorta) X 80. The CI in the subjects with calcifications increased with the advancing age both in men and women: CI = 0.200 X age (years)-4.47 in men (p less than 0.01); CI = 0.312 X age (years)-12.7 in women (p less than 0.01).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Topography of the catecholamine neurons in the brain stem of the human fetus: an immunohistochemical study using antibodies to tyrosine hydroxylase].

Immunohistochemistry using antibodies to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a rate-limiting enzyme which catalyzes the initial step in the catecholamine synthesizing pathway, has been widely accepted as one of the methods for identification of catecholamine neurons in the nervous system. In the present study, we performed immunohistochemical examination to elucidate the distribution of catecholamine neurons in brain stem of human fetuses. The brain stems were obtained from 8 human fetuses (CRL: 120-275 mm, GA: 15-27 wks) 1-3 h after death following therapeutic or spontaneous abortion. They were immediately fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, dehydrated with graded ethanol, and embedded in paraffin. Serial 6 microns sections were cut from 7 different levels of the brain stem of each fetus. These sections were stained by peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique using TH antisera. The TH antisera used were raised in rabbits by injecting purified TH from bovine adrenal medulla. The preparation and the specificity of TH antisera were described in detail elsewhere (Nakashima et al, 1983). Catecholamine neurons were clearly demonstrated in the brain stem of all fetuses. They could be recognized as catecholamine cell groups in the same manner as is done in experimental mammals. Among these cell groups, the catecholamine neurons showed distinct cytological features in shape and size. The distribution of catecholamine positive neurons in the brain stem was almost the same in the 8 human fetuses, and an atlas was given with anatomical explanation under the terminology of Olszewski and Baxter (1982) for the human brain stem. In the mesencephalon, a large number of catecholamine neurons lay in the nucleus substantiae nigrae, pars compacta, the nucleus paranigralis, the middle of the ventral tegmentum and the tractus tegmentalis centralis, and fewer catecholamine neurons were scattered in the other tegmental area. In addition, a group of small catecholamine neurons was located in the griseum centrale mesencephali near the aqueduct. In the pons, catecholamine neurons occurred mainly in the nucleus locus coeruleus and the nucleus subcoeruleus. A band of TH-positive neurons extended from the nucleus locus coeruleus to the dorsolateral tegmentum, and further to the roof of the fourth ventricle. Occasional catecholamine neurons were present in the area medial to the upper portion of the nucleus locus coeruleus. More caudally, a small number of catecholamine neurons were scattered in the area medial to the nervus facialis and adjacent to the nucleus facialis and the nucleus olivaris superior.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1986

Minute hepatoma with excessive copper accumulation. Report of two cases with resection.

Minute hepatomas with prominent copper accumulations were resected in two women, aged 60 and 62 years, who had never suffered from jaundice. Mild elevation of serum alpha-fetoprotein level was found in both patients. One tumor was diagnosed by celiac angiography, and the other was determined by an ultrasonic echogram. Microscopically, these two tumors were relatively well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma, though having less-differentiated foci. Many cancer cells contained numerous copper granules stained by orcein, Victoria blue, and p-dimethylaminobenzylidene rhodanine. Ultrastructurally, cancer cells contained many secondary lysosomes with an electron-dense material. We concluded that the excessive copper in the cancer cells was aggregated lysosomal copper metallothionein, and that it might not be carcinogenic but stored by an altered metabolism of copper and copper-binding proteins with the neoplastic transformation.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗