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Biomedical subjects

S Takagi

Publications and source records attributed to S Takagi.

At least 523 records · Page 29Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Delayed development of reproductive functions and alteration of dopamine receptor binding in hypothalamus of rats exposed prenatally to phenytoin and phenobarbital.

Previous work in experimental animals treated prenatally with phenobarbital revealed reproductive changes in the offspring. Little has been reported on the effect of phenytoin or a combination of both drugs. 75 Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were administered either phenytoin (Na salt) at 20, 40 or 80 mg/kg orally (p.o.), phenobarbital (Na salt) at 20, 40 or 80 mg/kg subcutaneously (s.c.) or a combination of both drugs at the same doses daily from 5 to 20 days of pregnancy (4-12 rats/dose level). 24 Control rats received 1% methylcellulose p.o. and distilled water s.c. Regularity of estrous cycles was decreased in all treated groups, with the phenytoin group being most affected. The binding of [3H]spiroperidol, known to label dopamine receptors, was decreased in the hypothalamus of all drug-treated groups, indicating that the alteration in neuroendocrine function may be responsible for the above effects. Data suggest that prenatal exposure of rats to anticonvulsant drugs could lead to reproductive disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Exercise P-vector magnitude changes in angina pectoris: Frank-Vectorcardiographic and hemodynamic correlations.

Multistage bicycle ergometer exercise testings with Frank vectorcardiogram and M-mode echocardiogram were performed on 12 patients with effort angina pectoris. The left atrial and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LAV and LVEDV) were calculated as a cube of the left atrial and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension. The mean pulmonary artery wedge pressure (mPAWP) was measured with a Swan-Ganz catheter during the testing. At peak exercise a statistically significant increase was observed in mPAWP (p less than 0.001), LAV (p less than 0.005), the maximal horizontal P-vector magnitude (Hmax) (p less than 0.05) and the percent change in Hmax (%Hmax). %Hmax showed a significant correlation with the increment of mPAWP (delta mPAWP) (r = 0.66, p less than 0.05), the increment of LVEDV (delta LVEDV) (r = 0.83, p less than 0.01) and the increment of LAV (delta LAV) (r = 0.81, p less than 0.001). Multiple regression analysis was performed on %Hmax as a dependent variable with delta LAV, delta mPAWP, and the increment of heart rate (delta HR) as independent variables (r = 0.84, p less than 0.05), but the partial correlation coefficients of delta mPAWP and delta HR were not significant. The present study demonstrated that the increase in Hmax had a close relationship with the increase in mPAWP and LVEDV and that the preload of the left ventricle during exercise-induced anginal attack could be predicted noninvasively by %Hmax. The increase in Hmax was thought to be due to the increase in LAV during anginal attack.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Detection of herpes simplex virus type 1-IgM immune complexes in the brain of a patient with prolonged herpes encephalitis.

A 56-year-old man with herpes encephalitis died 5.5 months after disease onset. Herpes simplex virus was isolated from minced temporal lobe after one month of cocultivation with green monkey kidney cells. The virus was identified as type 1 by neutralization and the fingerprinting pattern on restriction enzyme digestion. By immunofluorescence, IgM deposition was seen in the cerebral vascular walls. After dissociation of IgM with 3.0 M NaSCN, viral antigen was noted at the same loci as the IgM deposition. Histopathology showed marked perivascular cuffings, approximately 80% of which consisted of T cells and widely distributed necrotic foci. When the patient's serum and spinal fluid were analyzed by the immunoblotting method, the spinal fluid contained antibodies that were reactive with two very-high-molecular-weight viral polypeptides.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1986

Platelet dysfunction and alteration of prostaglandin metabolism after chronic alcohol consumption.

To study the effects of chronic alcohol consumption on platelet functions, the rate of arachidonate-induced platelet aggregation, the production of malondialdehyde in platelets, and plasma levels of prostaglandin endoperoxide metabolites were examined in 88 chronic alcoholics and 24 healthy controls. The rate of platelet aggregation and the production of malondialdehyde in platelets were greater in chronic alcoholics both on admission and 1 week after. However, these alterations returned to the level of healthy controls within 4 weeks of abstinence from alcohol and were independent of the number of circulating platelets. Furthermore, on admission, plasma levels of thromboxane B2 were significantly increased in chronic alcoholics when compared with those of healthy controls (400.8 +/- 36.5 versus 241.7 +/- 28.9 pg/ml plasma; p less than 0.025) and were also significantly correlated with malondialdehyde production in washed platelet debris (r = 0.6049; p less than 0.001). In contrast, plasma levels of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha and prostaglandin E were not altered after chronic alcohol consumption. As a result, the ratio of 6-keto prostaglandin F1 alpha to thromboxane B2 was markedly decreased in chronic alcoholics (0.31 +/- 0.03 versus 0.62 +/- 0.13; p less than 0.001). These results strongly suggest that the imbalance in prostaglandin endoperoxide metabolites is produced by chronic alcohol ingestion. Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between platelet aggregation rate and malondialdehyde production during platelet aggregation (r = 0.559; p less than 0.005). Thus, we conclude that chronic alcohol consumption alters platelet thromboxane metabolism, which is likely associated with the increased ability of platelets to aggregate.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Pulsed Doppler echocardiographic evaluation of hemodynamics in premature ventricular contractions].

To investigate hemodynamic changes in ventricular premature contractions (VPCs), the blood flow velocities at the left ventricular (LV) outflow and inflow tracts were analyzed by pulsed Doppler echocardiography in 23 patients with VPCs and in two patients with ventricular parasystoles. Percent LV stroke volume of the ectopic and the postectopic sinus beats to the other sinus beats and %LV inflow volume of the sinus beats preceding ectopic beats to the other sinus beats were calculated from the time integral of the blood flow velocity. The following results were obtained. The %LV stroke volume of VPCs or %LV inflow volume of the preceding sinus beats correlated positively with the coupling interval of VPCs (r = 0.69, p less than 0.001 and r = 0.67, p less than 0.001, respectively). The %LV stroke volume of VPCs correlated positively with %LV inflow volume of the preceding sinus beats (r = 0.84, p less than 0.001). In some patients with VPCs of the RBBB pattern and in one patient with VPCs of the LBBB pattern associated with abnormal right axis deviation, the %LV stroke volume of VPC was much more reduced. In patients with depressed rapid filling and increased atrial filling, %LV stroke volume of the VPC or %LV inflow volume of the preceding sinus beat was smaller than in the other patients with the same coupling interval of VPCs. In VPCs of right ventricular (RV) origin, deterioration of RV hemodynamics was more prominent than in those of LV origin, and vice versa. Increased LV stroke volume was observed in postextrasystolic sinus beats, related to the coupling intervals of VPCs. However, the sum of %LV stroke volume of VPC and the postextrasystolic sinus beat decreased as the coupling intervals of VPC shortened. These results suggest that not only the coupling interval and the origin of VPCs but the LV diastolic behavior, as well, are important factors determining the hemodynamics in VPCs. They also suggest that the increment of stroke volume in postextrasystolic beats is more prominent in VPCs with shorter coupling intervals, but the LV performance as a whole is more depressed in VPCs with a shorter coupling intervals. In conclusion, pulsed Doppler echocardiography proved a useful noninvasive technique for evaluating the hemodynamics of VPCs.

Cardiac Complexes, Premature↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of sulpiride against nausea and vomiting during cancer chemotherapy compared with domperidone--envelope method].

Sulpiride, which has been utilized as an antipeptic ulcer and antidepressant in Japan, is one of the dopamine antagonists, and is considered to have anti vomiting activity. We designed a comparative controlled study of Sulpiride and Domperidone, against nausea and vomiting during cancer chemotherapy. A total of 69 cases were entered into this study, 34 cases being treated with Sulpiride at a dose of 100 mg i.v. or i.m. (S group), and 35 cases being treated with Domperidone at a dose of 10 mg i.v. (D group), before and after chemotherapy. Three cases from the S group and 4 cases from the D group were excluded from this study because of differences in the administration schedule. There was no difference in patient characteristics between the two groups, such as age, sex, original disease and antitumor agents. According to our criteria 27 of 31 cases in the S group showed effectiveness of the agent against nausea and vomiting (87%), while in the D group, 24 cases showed effectiveness (77%). There was no statistical difference between them, and no side effects were found in either group.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Evaluation of left atrial rhythm with pulsed Doppler echocardiography.

To evaluate the origin of ectopic atrial rhythms, the beginning of atrioventricular inflow due to left and right atrial ejection was estimated using the pulsed Doppler combined with two-dimensional echocardiography. In ten normal controls, the beginning of transtricuspid flow due to atrial ejection preceded that of transmitral by 0 to 40 msec with an average of 22 msec. In contrast, the beginning of right atrial ejection flow lagged behind that of left atrial by 40 to 80 msec in case 1 and by 20 to 50 msec in case 2 of ectopic atrial rhythm. The significant delay of atrioventricular inflow due to right atrial ejection in these two patients strongly suggests that the ectopic atrial rhythm is of left atrial origin. The pulsed Doppler echocardiography is considered to be a useful clinical tool for noninvasive evaluation of the left atrial rhythm.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Application of an x-ray image magnifier to the microradiography of dental specimens.

A highly parallel incident x-ray beam combined with x-ray image magnification was used to obtain high-resolution microradiographs of dental specimens. Preliminary results obtained using a rotating anode x-ray generator show that limitations associated with conventional contact microradiography regarding spatial resolution, sample thickness, and sample orientation, relative to the film, were significantly reduced.

Dental Caries↗