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Biomedical subjects

S Tada

Publications and source records attributed to S Tada.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Gastrointestinal amyloidosis: radiologic features by chemical types.

PURPOSE: To determine the correlation between the radiographic and histologic findings of amyloidosis according to chemical type of amyloid protein. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 49 patients with amyloidosis were examined radiographically, and gastrointestinal tract biopsy specimens were studied histologically. RESULTS: Considerable differences were found between amyloid proteins. On immunohistochemical studies, amyloid A produced a coarse mucosal pattern with innumerable fine granular elevations, which reflected expansion of the lamina propria by amyloid deposits. Polypoid protrusions and invariable thickening of the folds were evident only in light chain protein, correlating with massive amyloid deposits in the muscularis mucosae and submucosa. beta 2-Microglobulin produced marked delay in transit time and dilatation of the small and large intestines, relating to extensive amyloid deposits in the muscularis propria. The prevalence of these radiographic changes was highest in the small intestine for every chemical type. CONCLUSION: Characteristic radiographic changes of each chemical type of amyloid protein can be detected well in the small intestine.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Parietal pleural invasion of lung masses: evaluation with CT performed during deep inspiration and expiration.

PURPOSE: To determine whether respiratory phase shift of lung masses at computed tomography (CT) indicates the absence of parietal pleural invasion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Helical CT was performed during deep inspiration and expiration in 17 patients with peripheral lung tumors in contact with the chest wall. Changes in the location of the tumor relative to a chest wall marker were noted. RESULTS: Six of 10 lesions in the middle or lower lobes showed substantial respiratory phase shift; all were proved at surgery not to have invaded the parietal pleura. Three of the 10 showed no respiratory phase shift and were found at surgery to have invaded the parietal pleura. CT findings for tumors in the upper lobe did not correlate with the surgical findings. CONCLUSION: The presence of respiratory phase shift is a reliable indicator of the lack of parietal pleural invasion for tumors in the middle or lower lobes.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Colorectal counterpart of gastric depressed adenoma. A comparison with flat and polypoid adenomas with special reference to the development of pericryptal fibroblasts.

The histological features of 28 depressed adenomas (DAs) were compared with those of 40 flat adenomas (FAs) without a central depression and those of 29 polypoid adenomas (PAs), with special reference to the development of pericryptal fibroblasts (PCFs), using immunohistochemical staining for muscle-specific actin (HHF-35). The DAs were composed of a crowded collection of adenomatous tubules with smaller diameters than those of the PAs. With regard to PCF development, the DAs had poorly developed PCFs; PCF (-), (+), and (++) numbered 12 (43%), 16 (57%), and 0 (0%), respectively. On the other hand, the nondepressed adenomas (PAs and FAs) had well-developed PCF; PCF (-), (+), and (++) numbered 5 (7%), 35 (51%), and 29 (42%), respectively. In addition, the number of PCFs seemed to decrease in the sequence of PAs, followed by FAs and DAs. According to our results, the DAs had a characteristic histological architecture together with poorly developed PCFs features, which distinguished them from the PAs. In conclusion, the depressed adenomas were considered a subtype of the flat adenomas. The depletion of PCFs seems to correlate with the depressed growth of the adenoma.

Actins↗
PubMed1994

Subcortical low intensity in early cortical ischemia.

PURPOSE: To describe subcortical low intensity on T2- and proton density-weighted MR images in early cortical ischemia and to discuss a cause of these findings. METHODS: Nine patients with early cortical ischemia were studied with proton density- and T2-weighted images, and T1-weighted images at 1.5 T. Gadolinium enhancement was added in six cases. RESULTS: In all cases there was high to intermediate intensity in the cortex and low intensity in the subcortical white matter (subcortex) on the proton density- and T2-weighted images. No significant signal abnormalities were shown on T1-weighted images in the subcortex; gyriform enhancement was seen in the affected cortex in all of the six patients studied with gadolinium. Of the four patients with follow-up MRs, the subcortical low intensity changed to high intensity in two and remained low in two patients in the chronic stage. Neither hemorrhage nor calcification was seen on CT. CONCLUSION: Iron accumulation in the subcortex caused by disruption of the axonal transportation and continuous production of free radicals caused by the hypoxic-ischemic state most likely reduces the signal intensity of the subcortex on the proton density- and T2-weighted images. The subcortical low intensity on the proton density- and T2-weighted images is an important diagnostic sign of early cortical ischemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Usefulness of inhaled steroids in steroid-dependent intractable asthma--equivalent dose of oral steroid to inhaled steroid].

Twenty-four steroid-dependent intractable asthmatics were treated with oral prednisolone (PSL) (basic dose) + additional PSL and oral PSL (basic dose) + inhaled beclomethasone (BDP) alternately, to assess the clinical symptoms in each administration period. Equivalent doses of PSL to BDP were calculated. 1. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) during additional administration of BDP was markedly higher both in the morning and at night compared with that during additional administration of BDP was markedly higher both in the morning and at night compared with that during additional administration of PSL (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05 respectively). 2. The relation between additional doses of either PSL or BDP and attack scores was analysed in regression to obtain a dose equivalence line. 3. BDP 400 micrograms was equivalent to PSL 7.04 mg on average. 4. The equivalent dose of PSL to BDP tended to be lower in cases where the period of dependency on oral steroids was longer, the basic dose was larger, or the asthma was more severe. These data indicate that the application of inhaled steroids may be useful in the therapeutic management of steroid-dependent intractable asthmatics.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical laboratory tests in diabetes mellitus].

The clinical diagnosis of diabetes is often prompted by symptoms such as increased thirst and urine volume, and weight loss. High levels of glucosuria are usually present. A single blood glucose estimation of diagnostic value indicated > or = 200 mg/dl at random, or > or = 140 mg/dl at fasting in specimens of venous plasma. Only if blood glucose values lie in the uncertain range (i.e., between the level that establish or exclude diabetes) need an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) be considered in order to establish the diagnosis status. Diagnostic interpretation of the 75 g OGTT responses is performed by the criteria of the expert committee of the Japan Diabetic Society. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c, HbA1) is widely used as a cumulative estimate of the mean blood glucose concentration over the preceding one approximately two months. Reference ranges of HbA1c are 4 approximately 6%. Labile glycohemoglobin often influences the estimate. Fructosamine and glycated albumin are also used as means of evaluating the degree of control. These data reveal the mean blood glucose concentration over the preceding 2 weeks. 1.5-Anhydroglucitol in blood is measured as a means of diagnosis and control evaluation of diabetes. Microalbuminuria is widely measured for early detection of diabetic nephropathy. Recently other microproteinuria such as urinary transferrin and IgG are assayed for the same purpose. There are highly significant correlations between microalbuminuria and urinary transferrin or IgG.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1994

Cardiac metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging.

We report a case with right intraventricular metastasis of colon carcinoma which was diagnosed antemortem by the use of magnetic resonance imaging. Metastatic colon carcinoma of the heart is a rare diagnosis, and an uncommon finding at autopsy. We conclude that MR imaging is a valuable method for the diagnosis of the heart tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

[A case of pulmonary eosinophilic granuloma with extrapulmonary involvement treated effectively with steroid hormone].

A 21-year-old female was admitted to Tamono City Hospital with chief complaint of dyspnea due to spontaneous pneumothorax. The patient was transferred to our clinic for further examination of abnormal chest X-ray findings together with skin lesions and other symptoms of polyuria, amenorrhea and narrowed visual fields. Histochemical and electron microscopic examination of lung tissue obtained by open lung biopsy led to the diagnosis of eosinophilic granuloma. Furthermore, enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance images showed the existence of an intracranial tumor in the supra-hypophyseal region which was interpreted as the cause of hormonal and visual disturbances. Because of dyspnea and enlargement of intracranial tumor, treatment with steroid hormone was commerced followed by tapering of the dose. Chest X-ray findings and skin lesions improved markedly and the intracranial tumor regressed significantly with this steroid therapy, indicating that the intracranial tumor represented involvement with eosinophilic granuloma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Nitric oxide mediates Kupffer cell-induced reduction of mitochondrial energization in hepatoma cells: a comparison with oxidative burst.

The metabolic changes in rat hepatoma cell line, AH70 cells, after coculturing with Kupffer cells were visualized using a silicon-intensified target camera and subsequent processing with a computer-assisted digital imaging processor. In cocultured tumor cells, nonactivated Kupffer cells reduced mitochondrial energization as indicated by the decrease in the fluorescence intensity of rhodamine 123 (Rh123) and induced lipid peroxidation as shown by the dichlorofluorescein (DCF) activation. The reduction in Rh123 could be eliminated by addition of an analogue of L-arginine (NG-monomethyl-L-arginine), suggesting the involvement of nitric oxide (NO.) in the decrease in mitochondrial energization. Superoxide dismutase did not inhibit the reduction in Rh123 but significantly inhibited DCF activation. These findings indicate that the latter reaction was mediated by superoxide anion. Two h after the cells were cocultured, propidium iodide-positive, severely injured tumor cells significantly increased in number. This increase was significantly attenuated by addition of NG-monomethyl-L-arginine but not by superoxide dismutase, suggesting that NO. may be greatly involved in Kupffer cell-mediated injury of AH70 cells. In another set of experiments, the culture medium of Kupffer cells caused no significant alteration of Rh123, DCF, and propidium iodide-associated fluorescences in AH70 cells. In addition, ultrastructural observation revealed that the membrane-to-membrane attachment between Kupffer cells and tumor cells occurred within 30 min after coculturing. These results suggest that Kupffer cell-derived NO. release, triggered by the close contact with tumor cells, may induce damage to tumor cells via inhibition of mitochondrial energization.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Molecular cloning of the cDNAs for the four subunits of mouse DNA polymerase alpha-primase complex and their gene expression during cell proliferation and the cell cycle.

The DNA polymerase alpha-primase complex purified from mouse FM3A cells is composed of four polypeptides with molecular masses of 180, 68, 54, and 46 kDa. The largest subunit has DNA polymerase activity, the two smallest subunits have DNA primase activity, and the function of the 68-kDa subunit is unknown. We have isolated the cDNAs of the four subunits by low stringency hybridization and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and determined their nucleotide sequences. The predicted amino acid sequence of the 180-kDa subunit shows 88, 38, 34, and 32% identity to those of the catalytic subunits of human, Drosophila melanogaster, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA polymerase alpha, respectively, and contains seven regions whose orders and sequences are highly conserved among viral and other eukaryotic DNA polymerases. The deduced amino acid sequence of the 68-kDa subunit shows 25% identity to that of the 73-kDa subunit of D. melanogaster DNA polymerase alpha-primase, shows no significant sequence similarity to any other protein in the data bases, but contains a potential phosphorylation site(s) for cdc2 kinase. The amino acid sequence of the 54-kDa subunit shows 32% identity to that of the large subunit of S. cerevisiae DNA primase. During activation of quiescent Swiss mouse 3T3 cells to proliferate, the levels of mRNA of the four subunits of the DNA polymerase alpha-primase complex increased before DNA synthesis. In growing mouse FM3A cells, the transcripts of the four subunits are present throughout the cell cycle and increase slightly prior to the S phase.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Effects of indeloxazine hydrochloride, a cerebral activator, on passive avoidance learning impaired by disruption of cholinergic transmission in rats.

The effect of indeloxazine [(+/-)-2-[(inden-7-yloxy)methyl]morpholine hydrochloride, YM-08054], a cerebral activator, on passive avoidance learning by disruption of cholinergic transmission was investigated in rats. Indeloxazine prolonged the latency for stepping out of an illuminated compartment into a dark compartment, in both mature and aged rats. Disruption of cholinergic transmission was induced by injection of scopolamine, ethylcholine, treatment with aridinium ion (AF64A) and by lesioning the nucleus basalis magnocellularis. The shortened latency in these models was prolonged when indeloxazine was administered before training in doses which did not affect spontaneous movement or the response to pain in mature rats and administration of indeloxazine, immediately after training, also had an ameliorating effect on passive avoidance in the lesioned rats. In biochemical studies, indeloxazine increased the extracellular concentration of acetylcholine in the frontal cortex of mature rats. These results suggest that indeloxazine possesses facilitatory effects on cerebral function, in part due to activation of the central cholinergic system.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1993

Stereomicroscopic examination of surface morphology in colorectal epithelial tumors.

The mucosal surface structure of epithelial neoplasms in the large intestine was examined by a stereomicroscope, and the correlation between histologic and macroscopic features was studied. The surface structure of the colonic mucosa could be readily and clearly observed using the stereomicroscope after superficial staining, and neoplastic lesions were identified as well-defined foci of the unique structures that were conspicuously different from those in the normal mucosa. Five hundred two adenomas and 159 carcinomas were examined and divided into five types according to stereomicroscopic appearance: long ellipsoid (359 lesions), cerebriform (141 lesions), leaf-like (16 lesions), dense tiny pits (89 lesions), and devastated (56 lesions). In the first three types benign adenomas predominated in the majority of cases (94.7%, 72.3%, and 68.8%, respectively) and the variation in the surface features correlated well with the histologic types. In the latter two types the frequency of malignancy was strikingly high (49.4% and 92.9%, respectively), with the devastated mucosal appearance being highly indicative of invasive carcinoma. Macroscopically, exophytic polypoid configurations were frequently found in the first three types, whereas flat nonpolypoid configurations predominated in the cases with dense tiny pits. Our results indicate that there is a close relationship between the surface structure of epithelial neoplasms in the large intestine and their histologic features and growth patterns.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1993

A randomized, controlled trial of weekly administration of lymphoblastoid interferon in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

To evaluate the efficacy of a treatment of weekly interferon administration in patients with chronic hepatitis C, 36 patients were randomly assigned to two groups. In one group lymphoblastoid interferon was given at a dose of 6 million units, intramuscularly, once per week for 24 weeks, and no treatment was given to the other. Serum alanine aminotransferase levels in the treated group were significantly lower during therapy than in the control group, although there was no significant difference between these two groups before therapy. The normalization of serum alanine aminotransferase levels at the end of therapy was observed in 50% of the treated group, and in 11.1% of the control group. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.03). Response to interferon was better in patients with chronic persistent hepatitis or with chronic active hepatitis than in patients with chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis. Relapse after the end of therapy was observed in 83.3% of the responders. These results indicate that the weekly administration of 6 million units of lymphoblastoid interferon is effective in decreasing serum alanine aminotransferase levels in patients with type C chronic persistent hepatitis or chronic active hepatitis.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1993

Intestinal pseudo-obstruction in patients with amyloidosis: clinicopathologic differences between chemical types of amyloid protein.

A clinicopathologic study was made of 16 patients with amyloidosis and with clinical signs of intestinal pseudo-obstruction. amyloid deposits in the small intestine were proved in all cases by endoscopic or intra-operative biopsies, and immunohistochemical study identified the chemical types of amyloid protein: amyloid A protein (AA) in 13 cases, light chain protein (AL) in two, and beta 2-microglobulin (AH) in one. Clinically, an acute self limiting obstructive condition was evident in 13 cases with AA, and 12 of them returned to normal bowel function after receiving total parenteral nutrition. Two cases with AL and one with AH presented chronic, intermittent, obstructive symptoms, and medical treatment, including total parenteral nutrition, was ineffective with no recovery of intestinal propulsion. Pathological examination of the necropsy specimens in seven cases showed considerable differences in the preferential sites of gastrointestinal deposits between the chemical types of amyloid; extensive infiltration and replacement of the muscularis propria by amyloid deposits throughout the gastrointestinal tract, especially the small intestine, were found in the AL and the AH cases, while amyloid deposits in the myenteric plexus without appreciable muscle infiltration were shown in the AA cases. These results show that intestinal pseudo-obstruction in patients with amyloidosis is caused by either myopathy or neuropathy, and that chemical types of amyloid may determine which of the two factors has the dominant affect on the bowel function.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Minute nonpolypoid adenomas of the colon depicted with barium enema examination.

To evaluate the usefulness of barium enema examination for detection of small nonpolypoid adenomas, the barium enema study findings were reviewed in patients with flat or depressed adenomas of the colon 3-5 mm in diameter that had been initially found during colonoscopy and that had been diagnosed as adenomas at histologic analysis. Eleven of the 21 nonpolypoid adenomas were depicted on radiographs; they tended to be located on the left side of the colon. The 10 other lesions were not detected retrospectively on barium enema radiographs. The radiographic findings in the depicted lesions included smooth, round, radiolucent areas; in seven of these lesions, round or irregular barium flecks were also seen. The radiolucent areas were attributed either to slightly elevated growth of adenomas or to surrounding hyperplasia of nonneoplastic glands; the central barium fleck seemed to conform to depressed areas within adenomas. Barium enema examination can demonstrate nonpolypoid adenomas of the colon, even though colonoscopy seems superior to barium enema examination for detection of these lesions.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1993

Detection of the pX gene of human T-lymphotropic virus type I in respiratory diseases with diffuse interstitial pulmonary shadows and lung cancer.

The presence of the HTLV-I gene in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was studied by polymerase chain reaction in 42 patients including 16 with lung cancer, 12 with diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB), 11 with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), and 3 with pneumoconiosis and hematological malignancy. Sequences equal to a part of the pX gene were found in 44% of the lung cancer cases, 50% of the DPB cases, 55% of the IIP cases, and 100% of the cases of pneumoconiosis and leukemia. In the lung cancer cases, detection of the pX gene was frequently associated with the existence of diffuse interstitial pulmonary shadows. The pX gene was detected in 100% of patients with anti-HTLV-I antibody, 50% of patients with HTLV-I-related reaction and 14% of patients who tested seronegative. It may be inferred from the results that respiratory diseases that produce diffuse interstitial pulmonary shadows are closely associated with HTLV-I infection and that the HTLV-I-related reaction to the immunofluorescent test might reflect the latent infection state of HTLV-I.

Base Sequence↗