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Biomedical subjects

S Tada

Publications and source records attributed to S Tada.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Complex congenital cardiovascular anomalies evaluated by continuous-rotation computed tomography in children.

The slip ring and nutate/rotate configuration of the new, fourth-generation, computed tomography (CT) (TCT-900S, Toshiba Medical Company) makes it possible to scan consecutively 25 slices every 75 s. This scanner also rapidly provides hemodynamic and multiplanar reconstruction images. Studies were performed on 13 children with various forms of complex congenital cardiovascular anomalies. The findings correlated very well with those by angiocardiography and echocardiography. But the cardiac valves were difficult to scan, and combined use with echocardiography was considered to be indispensable. The rapid multiplanar reconstruction imaging is very effective in depicting coarctation of the aortic isthmus, ductus arteriosus, and hypoplasia of the great arteries in newborns and infants who have small target regions. Cine-displays of such images can clearly show ventricular and atrial septal defects. This new CT system proved effective in diagnosing complex congenital cardiovascular anomalies even in young infants.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Hyperechoic medulla of the kidneys.

Eighteen patients were identified in whom ultrasound (US) of the kidney demonstrated a hyperechoic medulla. Diagnoses in the patients included gout in seven; Sjögren syndrome in two; medullary sponge kidney in two; primary aldosteronism in two; and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, hyperparathyroidism, glycogen storage disease type XI, Wilson disease, and pseudo-Bartter syndrome in one each. The pathogenesis of the echogenicity was evaluated by comparing the findings from computed tomography and conventional radiography. It appears that a hyperechoic medulla is caused by hyperuricemia, medullary nephrocalcinosis, or hypokalemia. US is considered to be useful in evaluating renal involvement in patients with these diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Immunoallergological studies on chironomid antigen in bronchial asthma].

Immuno-allergological studies on Tokunagayusurika akamusi (TA), a chironomid, were carried out in 217 patients with bronchial asthma. 1. Skin reaction to TA was positive in 72 (33.2%) out of the 217 patients with bronchial asthma. 2. Fifteen (13.8%) of the 109 patients showed a significant amount of histamine release (more than 15%) from basophils stimulated by TA antigen. 3. There was a significant correlation between skin reaction and histamine release by TA antigen. 4. A significant amount of basophil histamine release was observed in young patients, and in those who were under 40 years old of age at the onset of the disease. The serum IgE concentration of these patients was relatively high. 5. There was a significant correlation between basophil histamine release by TA antigen and specific IgE antibody to CTT. 6. There were no significant differences in skin reaction or histamine release by TA antigen between asthmatics in Okayama and Tottori prefectures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical studies on steroid-dependent intractable asthma. Comparison between early and late onset of asthma].

The various components making for severe intractable asthma were clinically and allergo-immunologically studied in 90 patients with bronchial asthma, by comparison between early onset and late onset groups. 1. In the early onset asthma group, cases with low serum IgE levels showed a stronger tendency toward severe intractable asthma. 2. Late onset asthma cases with negative skin tests and negative specific IgE antibodies to house dust tended more often to be severe intractable cases. 3. There was no correlation between sensitization by specific antigens (house dust and Candida), especially Candida, and a tendency toward severe intractable asthma. 4. Severe intractable asthma might be caused by bronchospasm in cases under 30 years of age, by bronchospasm plus hypersecretion in cases between 31 and 40 years of age, and by bronchospasm plus bronchiolar obstruction in cases over 40 years of age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[A case of bronchial asthma and PIE Syndrome induced by disodium cromoglycate].

A 54-year-old female with bronchial asthma and PIE syndrome induced by disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) was reported. She was referred to our hospital for further examination of the abnormal chest shadows and eosinophilia. She had been treated with DSCG, Cefaclor. Bromhexine and bronchodilator for bronchial asthma and bronchitis. Withdrawal of the drugs except for the bronchodilators alleviated her symptoms. Therefore, drug induced lymphocytes stimulation tests (DLST) were performed for those three drugs. Only DLST for DSCG showed a positive result. She had been asthmatic for ten years and treated by the drug for 18 months prior to admission. The skin test for the drug was negative and a precipitating antibody for the drug could not be found. To obtain a definite diagnosis, bronchial challenge by DSCG was performed, after her symptoms were under control. Severe asthmatic responses were provoked in 6 and 24 hours after the inhalation of DSCG. Bronchoalveolar lavage, performed 8 days after the provocation, revealed increased eosinophils and lymphocytes in BAL fluid. Although several cases of PIE syndrome induced by DSCG have been reported, this seems to be the first report of late and delayed type bronchial response and pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia provoked by DSCG. The bronchial response to the drug was a late and delayed type reaction and sustained for a long period. This might indicate that PIE syndrome induced by the drug may be caused by a same mechanism as the provoked asthmatic response.

Asthma↗
PubMed1989

[Six cases of HTLV-I associated bronchiolo-alveolar disorder (HABA)].

A new clinicopathological state related to HTLV-I infection was found in patients with diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP). This specific state with chronic and progressive respiratory symptoms caused by bronchiolar or alveolar disorder was characterized by smoldering adult T-cell leukemia or the HTLV-I carrier state known as HTLV-I associated bronchiolo-alveolar disorder (HABA). The clinical features of 5 cases with the bronchiolar type of HABA and one case with alveolar type of HABA were described and were compatible with the criteria of DPB and IIP, respectively. Long-term subclinical infection of HTLV-I was suspected to play an important role in the pathogenesis of HABA. Furthermore, the investigation of HABA might yield a clue to the unknown etiology of DPB and IIP.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[T-cell lymphomas of the skin: a study of 7 cases excluding mycosis fungoides and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma].

Seven cases of T-cell lymphomas of the skin, excluding mycosis fungoides and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, treated at the Department of Dermatology, Miyazaki Medical College for the previous 5 years were studied. Five were males and 2 were females, with a mean age of 61 years. Six patients presented either multiple skin tumors or subcutaneous indurations. Histologically, all cases presented dense infiltrations of the tumor cells showing variable morphological characteristics. Surface markers were also variable, suggesting that these were not a single entity. Treatment consisted of chemotherapy in 5 cases and electron beam therapy in 5 (localized in 4 and generalized in 1). Complete remission was obtained in 5 cases. The mean period from the first examination to death in the three fatal cases was 11.7 months, and the mean period of observation from the first examination to the present time in 4 cases ranged from 12 months to 40 months. Clinicopathological characteristics of these cases were compared with those of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Relationship of diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) with adult T cell leukemia (ATL)].

Eighteen patients with DPB and 15 with IIP were studied on the relationship between the diseases and ATL. Anti-ATL antigen (ATLA) antibody and its related reactions were examined using immunofluorescence and Western blotting techniques. Five of 18 DPB patients (28%) were anti-ATLA antibody positive, and were diagnosed as ATL because of the appearance of ATL cells after the chronic DPB clinical course. No IIP patient was diagnosed as having ATL, however, a patient's serum converted to anti-ATLA antibody positive from ATLA related reaction positive when tested with immunofluorescence. ATLA related reaction with diffuse reaction patterns in both MT-1 and MT-2 cells was detected in 7 of 18 sera in patients with DPB and in 5 of 15 IIP sera. A diffuse pattern only in MT-2 cells was found in 2 cases of DPB and 3 of IIP. Positive percentage of these anti-ATLA antibody and ATLA related reactions in DPB and IIP patients was significantly higher than that in controls. These results suggest the existence of a specific clinicopathological state namely "HTLV-1 associated bronchiolo-alveolar disorder (HABA)" in some of DPB and IIP.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Plain abdominal film after contrast-enhanced CT; re-evaluation by using iohexol].

Abdominal radiographs after enhanced CT were evaluated using non-ionic, low osmotic contrast media, iohexol. Comparison were made with iopamidol (non-ionic, low osmolality) and diatrizoate (ionic, high osmolality). Iohexol gave good opacification in nephrogram and persistent opacification till 45 min, after enhancement as well as iopamidol. Abdominal radiographs after enhanced CT using iohexol is useful for total observation of the urinary tract. There is no significant difference of serum BUN and creatinine between before and after enhancement in 21 iohexol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Serological and immunohistochemical studies in pregnant women with systemic lupus erythematosus].

The present report is a detailed, prospective analysis of 29 pregnancies in 19 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The clinical pregnant status was correlated with maternal serologic patterns. Poor obstetrical prognosis was associated with low or declining complement (C3 and C4) levels and rising antinuclear and anti-DNA antibody titers. Complement levels reflected clinical changes more accurately than either antinuclear factor. A smooth antepartum course and successful delivery occurred when complement values remained normal. Immunohistochemical studies showed granular or linear depositions of immunoglobulin and complement on syncytial trophoblast and stromal tissue in placenta with SLE. Slight deposits of IgG were observed on the stromal tissue in normal placenta. Immune complex deposition on the trophoblast correlated to both serologic evaluation and course of SLE pregnancy. Obstetrical prognosis can be evaluated by serial determinations of serologic status. These data suggest that declining levels of maternal complements in SLE may be partly due to immune complex deposition in the placenta, resulting in the increased placental dysfunction.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1989

[Studies on the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis by bronchoalveolar lavage and Ga scintigraphy].

The pathogenesis of lung fibrosis in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) and other interstitial pneumonia was studied with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and gallium (Ga) scintigraphy. Patients with interstitial pneumonia showed increased populations of lymphocytes, neutrophils and basophils (mast cells) in BAL fluids especially in patients is the active stage of interstitial pneumonia. Fibronectin concentration in BAL fluids of patients with interstitial pneumonia was higher than those of normal control. These fibronectin levels in BAL fluids were shown to correlate with the density of total cell, macrophage and neutrophil in each BAL fluid. Enhanced fibronectin synthesis by alveolar macrophages in vitro was observed in patients with IIP in comparison with that of normal control. Increased Ga radioactivity was shown in BAL fluids of patients with interstitial pneumonia right after the Ga scintigraphy. The Ga index (Ga in BAL fluid/Ga in peripheral blood) correlated with the density of total cell and macrophage in BAL fluid. These data indicate that the accumulation of activated alveolar macrophages and neutrophils could play an important role in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis in patients with interstitial pneumonia.

Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid↗
PubMed1989

[A case of olfactory neuroblastoma with exuberant hyperostosis].

Olfactory neuroblastoma is a malignant, slow growing, neurogenic tumor that originates in the olfactory mucosa of the upper nasal cavity. We report a case of olfactory neuroblastoma that presented with exuberant hyperostosis of the facial bone during the course. This unusual radiological finding has been discussed with literature review.

Facial Bones↗
PubMed1989

Direct inhibitory ovarian effects of prolactin in the process of ovulation.

The present study was designed to determine the effects of prolactin (PRL) on the process of follicle rupture and oocyte maturation using an in vitro perfused rabbit ovary model. In the first experiment ovaries were perfused for 12 hours with or without PRL at 10(2) or 10(3) ng/ml. Ovulation did not occur in any ovaries in the absence of gonadotropin. The majority of follicular oocytes did not progress beyond the germinal vesicle stage following treatment with PRL. The percentage of follicular oocytes which showed evidence of degeneration was also comparable in both groups. The concentrations of progesterone in the perfusate did not differ significantly between PRL-treated and control ovaries. In the second experiment, ovaries were perfused with or without PRL at 10, 10(2), or 10(3) ng/ml. Thirty minutes later 50 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) was added to the perfusate of all ovaries. The addition of PRL to the perfusate inhibited hCG-induced ovulation in a dose-related fashion. The degree of ovum maturity and degeneration was comparable in the two groups. PRL did not affect hCG-stimulated progesterone production by the perfused rabbit ovaries. The present study demonstrates that PRL acts directly on the ovary to influence the process of ovulation, resulting in the inhibition of hCG-induced follicle rupture. These data suggest that PRL inhibits ovulation by mechanism(s) independent of ovarian progesterone synthesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of submucosal tumors of the stomach: the "bridging layers" sign.

The ultrasonic findings in 14 cases with submucosal tumors and one case with extragastric lymphoma using the fluid-filled stomach method were reviewed to determine the appearance of the stomach wall in submucosal tumors. Two characteristic ultrasound features of submucosal tumors were demonstrated in all 14 lesions except in two located high in the fundus of the stomach. One feature was mucosal bridging layers, i.e., three layers could be seen on the mucosal side of the tumors, and at least two of them continued to layers 1 and 2 of the normal gastric wall. The other was a serosal bridging layer, i.e., layer 5 of the normal gastric wall ran toward the serosal side of the tumor. On the basis of a "bridging layers" sign, we believe a definite diagnosis of submucosal tumor can be obtained from ultrasound images.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1988

Aortic dissection without intimal rupture: diagnosis with MR imaging and CT.

Fourteen patients with aortic dissection without intimal rupture were examined by means of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, computed tomography (CT), or both. MR imaging showed a marginal high-intensity area along the aortic wall, while CT showed a nonopacified crescentic area along the aortic wall. These areas decreased in size within a short period and normalized after 1 year. Two autopsies demonstrated intramural hemorrhage without intimal tears. The dissected lumen seen in these cases is believed to represent intramural hemorrhage due to rupture of the vasa vasorum without intimal tear; this entity is believed to represent aortic dissection.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Differential diagnosis of the early cancer: imaging diagnosis "CT"].

Computed tomography (CT) makes a significant contribution to the care of the patient with cancer, and is still expanding its usage in the diagnosis of the tumor. CT is considered to be an essential tool for the cancer of the pharynx and larynx, lung, liver, biliary tract, pancreas, kidney, adrenal gland, and ovary. We briefly describe the CT anatomy and oncologic pathology in these regions.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗