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Biomedical subjects

S Shima

Publications and source records attributed to S Shima.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Effect of zirconium on immunological reactions of T cells and macrophages in mice].

The effects of zirconium (Zr) on T cells and macrophages in mice were studied in vitro using the indexes of immunological reactions, mitogenesis of C3H/HeJ mouse thymocytes induced by PHA and the production of interleukin-1 of C3H/He mouse intraperitoneal macrophages (MIL-1). The mitogenesis of thymocytes induced by PHA when stimulated with Zr solutions at various concentrations or culture supernatants of macrophages stimulated with LPS and Zr, or Zr alone, ware as shown below. 1. The mitogenesis of thymocytes by PHA was enhanced in the presence of Zr at 0.625-2.5 microM, and suppressed in the presence of Zr at 5-10 microM in culture 2. This reaction was enhanced by the addition of supernatants of macrophages stimulated with LPS and Zr. The most activation by LPS and Zr was shown at concentrations of 0.625-1.25 microM in culture, and the degree activated corresponding to 12.5-25 I.U. of MIL-1. 3. On the other hand, this reaction was inhibited by addition of supernatants of macrophages stimulated with Zr alone. From these results, it is suggested that Zr serves various functions such as an activator or inhibitor of T-cell mitogenesis by PHA, and that this may depend upon the Zr concentration in culture. In regard to the effect of Zr on MIL-1 production, Zr may activate this reaction by LPS, and Zr alone may induce MIL-1 production from macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Angiotensin stimulates adenylate cyclase activity via prostaglandins in the adrenal glomerulosa membrane.

The effects of angiotensin II (A II) on adenylate cyclase activities in membranes of the zona glomerulosa (the capsular fraction) and the zona fasciculata (the decapsulated fraction) from rat adrenocortical glands were investigated. A time- and GTP-dependent stimulation by A II of adenylate cyclase activity was observed in the capsular fraction but not in the decapsulated fraction. The activation of adenylate cyclase by ACTH and A II was additive. Stimulation by A II was inhibited by an angiotensin antagonist, DD-3487 (DD). Moreover, the addition of a prostaglandin antagonist, a mixture of polyesters of polyphloretin phosphate (PPP) and an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, indomethacin, was effective in inhibiting A II-induced stimulation of the capsular adenylate cyclase activity, suggesting that the activation of A II receptors located on the capsular membrane leads to the release of prostaglandins, which in turn stimulates the adenylate cyclase.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1990

[Cardiac arrest episodes by cardiomyopathy following total pancreatectomy, a case report].

A 47-year-old man with advanced pancreatic carcinoma underwent total pancreatectomy with resection of the involved portal vein. His postoperative course was complicated by a couple of cardiac arrest episodes. The first episode occurred seven weeks after surgery during drip infusion of CDDP, and later on during the thirteenth week after surgery. There was no apparent cause for those episodes. On both occasions resuscitation was performed adequately. The second arrest was followed by deep inverted T waves on ECG, however, not by elevation of serum CPK-MB. Because of this, myocardial infarction was ruled out. The diagnosis of cardiomyopathy was made possible through the discovery on the echocardiogram of a hypertrophied left ventricle with thick interventricular septum. Then, on catheterization, myocardial squeezing in the left anterior descending coronary artery was noticed. Finally, histological findings concerning the biopsied cardiac muscle led to the same diagnosis. Cardiac arrest in this case seemed to be due to arrhythmia caused by cardiomyopathy. Echo cardiography should be routinely used as part of the examination prior to extended major surgery.

Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic↗
PubMed1989

Effects of oestrogen on adenylate cyclase system and glucose output in rat liver.

Effects of chronic oestrogen treatment on catecholamine- and glucagon-sensitive adenylate cyclase activity and glucose output in hepatocytes of castrated male rats were studied. In hepatocytes from male intact or castrated rats, the beta-adrenergic agonist isoprenaline did not stimulate adenylate cyclase activity and glycogenolysis, but glucagon markedly stimulated all these activities. Treatment of castrated animals with 17 beta-oestradiol for 7 days led to the appearance of beta-adrenergic-stimulated increases in both cyclic AMP generation and glucose output. The basal, glucagon- or fluoride-stimulated activities of adenylate cyclase of hepatic membranes prepared from oestrogen-treated rats were similar to those of control animals. Treatment with oestrogen did not influence the number or affinity of beta-adrenergic receptors. In hepatic plasma membranes from control rats, GTP failed to decrease the affinity of beta-adrenergic receptors for agonists, whereas the GTP-induced shift was apparently observed in those from oestrogen-treated animals. These results suggest that oestrogen is able to facilitate the coupling of hepatic beta-adrenergic receptors to the enzyme by increasing the effectiveness of receptor-guanine nucleotide regulation.

Adenylyl Cyclases↗
PubMed1989

Validity of the Japanese version of the GHQ among antenatal clinic attendants.

The validity of the Japanese version of the 30-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) was examined against the semi-structured interview-based Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) as external criteria. The GHQ total score discriminated 'cases' and 'non-cases' satisfactorily but its recommended cut-off point was higher (7/8) than that of the original English version (4/5). Discriminant function analysis revealed that only 13 items contributed to the discriminatory power and that their discriminant function score was better than a simple summation of the 30 GHQ item scores in terms of validity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Psychiatric diagnosis in Japan. 1. A study on diagnostic labels used by practitioners.

In a questionnaire survey, a list of 64 psychiatric diagnostic labels was presented to 20 randomly selected Japanese psychiatrists affiliated to a university department of psychiatry. For each label, they were asked (2) whether they used it in everyday practice, (b) whether they rarely used it but would do so if faced with such a case, or (c) whether they had never and would never use it. It was found that these Japanese psychiatrists used a relatively small number of diagnostic categories; in their classificatory system, functional mental disorders would be dichotomized into psychoses and neuroses with the former further divided into schizophrenic, atypical and manic-depressive psychoses, and the latter divided into seven subcategories, i.e., anxiety neurosis, hysteria, depressive neurosis, phobia, obsessive compulsive neurosis, depersonalization neurosis and hypochondriasis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Psychiatric diagnosis in Japan. 2. Reliability of conventional diagnosis and discrepancies with Research Diagnostic Criteria diagnosis.

Twenty Japanese psychiatrists were asked for their conventional diagnoses for each of 29 case vignettes already diagnosed according to Research Diagnostic Criteria. The reliability coefficients of Japanese conventional diagnoses were low; only two categories exceeded the intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.7. However, the low reliability was found to be due not to random variations but to the difference of individual psychiatrists in setting boundaries of diagnostic entities though sharing the common prototype for each diagnostic category.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Immunotoxicity of cobalt and nickel--experimental study on cytotoxicity of immuno-sensitive metals].

The effects of cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni) on the humoral immune response were studied by two indexes of specific IgM antibody production against sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and polyclonal IgG antibody production in the spleens of mice intraperitoneally injected with cobalt chloride or nickel chloride. An experiment for the effect of both metals on specific IgM production was carried out by measuring IgM plaque-forming cells in the spleens of mice intraperitoneally injected with both metal salts using 1/10, 1/100 or 1/200 of LD50 for i.p. injection three times every other day and were immunized with SRBC on the day of the last injection of each metal salt. The other experiment for the effect of both metals on polyclonal IgG production was done by measuring, on days +3 or +6 in relation to the last injection of metal salts, polyclonal IgG-forming cells in the spleens of mice injected with both metal salts using 1/10 or 1/100 of LD50 for i.p. injection three times every other day by the reverse plaque-forming method. The following results may be drawn from this study: 1. Co may cause changes in the homeostasis of humoral immune response even more than affecting the immune system with immunotoxicity as antigenicity. 2. On the other hand, Ni may have antigenicity even more than an acting as immunomodulator influencing the immune system.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

Hormonal changes in major depressive disorder.

The dexamethasone suppression test (DST) was performed in 38 patients satisfying the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for cortisol, human growth hormone (hGH), prolactin, triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined at 4:00 p.m. before the administration of dexamethasone, whereas cortisol, hGH and TSH were determined at 4:00 p.m. the day after. Among hormonal variables, only cortisol index (the ratio of the pre-DST cortisol to the post-DST cortisol) was barely useful for discriminating depression. The cortisol index was also correlated with RDC incapacitating subcategory and with symptoms of affect such as depressed mood and psychic anxiety.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Myrocin C, a new diterpene antitumor antibiotic from Myrothecium verrucaria. II. Physico-chemical properties and structure determination.

The structure of a new antitumor antibiotic, myrocin C, from a strain of Myrothecium verrucaria was characterized as a pentacyclic pimarane diterpene composed of a gamma-lactol group and a unique cyclopropane ring on the basis of its physico-chemical properties and spectroscopic data as well as a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of its monoacetyl derivative.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
PubMed1989

[A case of resected metastatic adrenal carcinoma from gastric cancer].

A case of a metastatic adrenal carcinoma is presented. A 67-year-old female underwent total gastrectomy for an adenocarcinoma of the stomach before 52 months. A mass was indicated at the left supra-renal region by computed tomography. The mass was successfully resected by an upper abdominal para-aortic lymph node dissection. Histologically, the mass was confirmed as a metastatic adrenal carcinoma with a lymph node metastasis from the gastric cancer. Metastatic adrenal carcinomas and local lymph node dissections for treating metastatic carcinomas are discussed.

Adenocarcinoma, Papillary↗
PubMed1989

[Lipid metabolism after operation for esophageal cancer].

In order to clarify the abnormal lipid metabolism after resection of esophageal cancer, we measured serum cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride phospholipid, free fatty acid, lipoprotein and apoprotein in 38 patients with esophageal cancer before and up to 4 weeks after operation. Patients were divided into three groups; group A consisted of 26 patients whose postoperative course was uneventful, group B, 12 patients who suffered from post-operative complications and group C, 15 control patients who underwent gastrectomy for cancer of the stomach. The conclusions were; 1) After operation, remarkable decrease was observed in many lipids and proteins which were synthesized mainly in the liver. This was more prominent in groups A and B than in group C. There was no difference between group A and B up to 2 weeks, however, after that recovery was slow in group B. 2) This decrease in serum lipids and proteins may be explained by the postoperative liver dysfunction which mimics acute hepatitis, and by abnormal increase in their consumption. 3) In group B, preoperative serum cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and albumin had been significantly lower than those in group A, and cholinesterase, apoAI and apoAII had also tended to be lower.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1988

An ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor with heterologous mucinous gland and NSE-immunoreactive-cell.

A rare case of ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor with heterologous mucinous glands and tiny carcinoid-like foci in a 33-year-old female is reported. In addition to these heterologous elements, peculiar cells, which were oval, eosinophilic and neuron-specific enolase (NSE)-positive, were also observed and had not been described previously. These NSE-immuno-reactive cells were different from argentaffin cells observed in mucinous glands and carcinoid-like foci, and seemed to play a significant role in the appearance of the heterologous mucinous gland. The nature of this peculiar NSE-immunoreactive cell is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Esophageal carcinoma with adenoid cystic differentiation--an immunohistochemical study of two cases with special reference to their histological origin].

Two cases of an esophageal carcinoma with an adenoid cystic differentiation are presented. The first was diagnosed histologically as typical adenoid cystic carcinoma, and the other as being a basal cell carcinoma with an adenoid cystic differentiation. We further investigated these tumors and normal esophageal specimens to determine their histological origin by immunohistochemical staining with either polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies to different classes of human keratin. It was found that both tumors were similar in their reactivities with the anti-keratin antibodies to basal cells of the surface squamous epithelia, but not to the cells composing the esophageal glands, suggesting that they were of basal cell origin.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

The hypertrophic uncinate process of the pancreas wrapping the superior mesenteric vein and artery--a case report.

The hypertrophic uncinate process of the pancreas wrapping the superior mesenteric vein and artery was discovered during surgery on a patient with nodular chronic pancreatitis. Such a rare anomaly has never been noted in the English literature so far as we have been able to find. This malformation of the pancreatic uncinate process was considered to be due to excess fusion between the ventral and dorsal pancreatic anlages during embryonic stage.

Female↗