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Biomedical subjects

S Seidl

Publications and source records attributed to S Seidl.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Detection of HBsAg in blood donors. A comparative study using radioimmunoassay, enzymeimmunoassay, reverse passive haemagglutination and latex tests.

Several "third generation" tests were compared: 5 reverse passive haemagglutination methods (RPHA), 2 enzyme immunoassays (EIA), 1 radioimmunoassay (RIA) and 1 latex test. As far as the sensitivity is concerned RPHA techniques are less sensitive than the RIA. However, differences exist among the different RPHA methods. RPHA methods which utilize human red cells demonstrated a better sensitivity than those which utilize animal red cells. The RIA is widely accepted for blood donor screening. The test is well standardized, highly sensitive and specific. Also the EIA has been found to be highly sensitive but showed a greater degree of non-specificity. Rapid HBsAg screening in blood donors can be performed by RPHA methods or by a latex test. For the latter Antigex TG was used. This test has a sensitivity which is similar to that of some the RPHA methods. The most striking results was the observation that Antigex TG can cause a prozone phenomenon. This phenomenon can be avoided when the serum specimen was spread out before the latex reagent was added.

Absorption↗
PubMed1980

The current status of platelet and granulocyte transfusions.

During the past decade significant progress has been made in the preparation and use of platelet and granulocyte transfusions. The most important indication for platelet transfusion is the treatment of bleeding episodes in thrombocytopenic patients due to bone marrow aplasia, leukaemia, or chemotherapy of various malignancies. The clinical efficacy of granulocyte transfusions has been evaluated in several controlled clinical trials. The results indicate that granulocyte transfusions were most effective in patients who have severe bone marrow failure which did not improve during antibiotic therapy. ABO and HLA typing are carried out on donors and recipients. Due to the high polymorphism of the HLA system, it is, however, difficult to find a compatible donor-recipient pair.

Anemia, Aplastic↗
PubMed1980

HLA antigens in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

HLA antigens were examined in 146 children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). These comprised 107 steroid-responsive cases, histologically characterised by minimal change glomerular lesions (MC), and 39 steroid-resistant patients with focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). In the MC groups, B8 was significantly increased as compared to controls (30% vs 18%, p less than 0.01), and this applied in particular to children with atopic features (38% B8 positive). In contrast to other reports, the frequency of B12 in steroid-responsive INS was not different from that of the control group. In FSGS, however, B12 was remarkably increased, especially in patients with a persistent or progressive nephrotic syndrome (45% vs 22%, p less than 0.025). These findings indicate that immunogenetic factors play a major role in INS, and that MC and FSGS are two different disease entities.

Child↗
PubMed1978

[Experiences with an enzyme-immunoassay for hepatitis B antigen detection in blood donors (author's transl)].

In a comparative study 12,080 sera from unpaid donors were tested simultaneously for Hepatitis B Antigen (HBsAg) by enzyme-immunoassay (EIA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA). A relatively high number of sera reacted positive in the EIA-secreening test but were negative after repeated investigation. This percentage could be markedly reduced when using an automated washing apparatus. After neutralization 0.31 per cent were considered as true positive in EIA and RIA, thus demonstrating that no differences did exist as far as sensitivity is concerned. The EIA needs more incubation time than the RIA, however, the EIA has the advantage of using enzyme-labelled antibodies instead of radio-iodinated reagents. The results are read immediately and no sophisticated equipment is required. The EIA is easy to handle, two technicians can perform 1000 tests per day.

Blood Donors↗
PubMed1977

[The manufacture and transfusion of deep frozen preserved blood].

For the past ten years we have been evaluating the preservation of human red cells by freezing. A comparative study of several techniques revealed no major differences as far as clinical effectiveness is concerned. The recovery percentage varies from 90-95%. Due to the washing procedure, necessary for removing the intracellular cryophylactic substance glycerol, no side effects from these ghosts have been observed. The maximum storage time in the post-thaw period should not exceed 24 hours, because the so-called "closed system" is interrupted. Since the preparations and storage of these cells is laborious and expensive, frozen blood should be used in selected clinical situations, i.e. rare blood types, autologous transfusions.

Blood Preservation↗
PubMed1976

Detection of hepatitis B antigen in blood donors by radioimmunoassay and three reverse passive haemagglutination techniques.

In a comparative study 5,569 sera from voluntary donors were tested simultaneously for hepatitis B antigen by three reverse passive haemagglutination (RPHA) techniques (Auscell, Hepanosticon, Hepatest) and the radioimmunoassay (RIA) (Ausria II). Among the three RPHA methods, no significnat differences could be found as far as sensitivity is concerned. The percentage of positive sera detected by these RPHA methods varies from 0.43 to 0.56%. Eleven sera were detactable only by Ausria II. Except for two, all these sera had low counts per minute in the RIA.

Blood Donors↗