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Biomedical subjects

S Seidenari

Publications and source records attributed to S Seidenari.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Neuropeptides in skin from patients with atopic dermatitis: an immunohistochemical study.

The distribution and localization of several neuropeptides were investigated in the lichenified lesions of 11 patients with atopic dermatitis using indirect immunofluorescence. Substance P-positive nerve fibres were observed in most of the cases of atopic dermatitis, but not in normal controls. Somatostatin immunoreactive nerves were not found in the skin of atopic dermatitis, whereas a normal pattern of immunoreactivity could be detected in most of the healthy subjects. Neuropeptide Y-positive dendritic epidermal cells were observed in lesional skin from patients with atopic dermatitis, but not in controls. Calcitonin gene-related peptide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide immunoreactivity in patients with atopic dermatitis did not differ from that in healthy subjects. With galanin antiserum a diffuse intracellular staining was observed in the epidermis of both atopic patients and controls, while no positive staining was found with either neurotensin or neurokinin A antibodies in either group. These findings suggest a possible involvement of some neuropeptides in the pathomechanisms of atopic dermatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Contact sensitization among ceramics workers.

139 workers from 3 ceramics factories underwent dermatological and allergological examination, using standard and occupational patch test series, in order to evaluate the prevalence of dermatitis and contact sensitization, to identify the most important sensitizing substances in the ceramics industry, and to correlate the results with possible risk factors such as atopy. Hand dermatitis had affected 37% of the subjects examined. 27% of the workers were sensitized to 1 or more allergens. Of 52 subjects with dermatitis, 37% had allergic contact dermatitis and 63% irritant contact dermatitis. 18 subjects were found to be sensitized without showing any previous or present clinical symptoms. Atopy tended towards correlation with the overall incidence of dermatitis, though not with the prevalence of sensitization.

Ceramics↗
PubMed1990

Patch and prick test study of 593 healthy subjects.

593 recruits selected by the Military Health Service as being healthy and without a history of present or previous dermatitis, or ocular refraction defects, were patch tested with the GIRDCA (Italian Research Group on Contact and Environmental Dermatitis) standard series. Of these, 336 were also patch tested with substances used in the processing and dyeing of textiles and prick tested with 8 major allergens. 74 (12.5%) reacted to 1 or more substances. The most frequent sensitizers were: thimerosal (28 cases), ammoniated mercury (7 cases), phenol-formaldehyde resin (6 cases), parabens, nickel and Disperse Red 17 (4 cases each). 113 recruits reacted to 1 or more prick test allergens. We have demonstrated the importance of establishing such reference values in healthy groups for the correct evaluation of data collected from selected groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Erythema multiforme associated with contact sensitization. Description of 6 clinical cases].

Allergic contact dermatitis generally presents itself as an eczematous eruption. However, some allergens, such as plants, exotic woods, topical medications and chemicals have been reported as causing an erythema multiforme-like eruption. We describe 6 patients, 4 women and 2 men ranging from 28 to 66 years. They showed erythematous urticarial papules, plaques and target-lesions similar to the manifestations previously reported as "erythema multiforme-like eruption". On the basis of the positive epicutaneous tests, the aetiological agents of these reactions are presumed to be Idoxuridine, textile dyes, deodorants, paraphenylenediamine and pyrrolnitrin. The clinical pattern, the histopathological features and the pathogenesis are discussed. Finally, the clinical and anamnestic criteria indicating the opportunity of performing patch tests in patients showing an atypical erythema multiforme are suggested.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Flurbiprofen in gel: study of acceptability, tolerability and evaluation of its allergenic potential].

The study aimed to assess the allergenic capacity of gel-based flurbiprofen in healthy volunteers, and then evaluate its acceptance and tolerability in patients affected by various skin diseases. Twenty-five healthy volunteers of both sexes (age range: 19-35 years) were included in the first phase of the study. Allergenic capacity was evaluated using Kligman's maximization test in which 5 patch tests were carried out on the same site using a solution of 2.5% lauryl sulphate, followed by patch tests using gel-based flurbiprofen. Control tests were performed 15 days later. The second phase of the study comprised 15 hospitalised patients, with an age range of between 18 and 70 years, affected by psoriasis and eczema. All patients were treated with gel-based 5% flurbiprofen twice daily for 2 weeks. Patients were asked to fill in a questionnaire in order to assess the acceptance and tolerability of the drug. Only one subject in the first group showed an allergic response to the drug. Adverse effects were observed in two patients in the second group. Drug acceptance was excellent.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Double-blind comparison of astemizole and terfenadine in the treatment of chronic urticaria.

Two new non-sedating antihistamines, astemizole (10 mg per day) and terfenadine (120 mg per day), were compared in a double-blind randomized study in 42 adult patients suffering from chronic urticaria. The trial lasted 4 weeks. Patients were evaluated at 2 and 4 weeks and kept a daily diary of their symptoms. There was a statistically significant decrease in pruritus, erythema and urticaria papules in both groups throughout the study. Changes in papule size, number and frequency were greater in the astemizole group though not significantly different to the terfenadine group. The effect of astemizole increased with time whereas that of terfenadine decreased after about 3 weeks of treatment. Astemizole was globally considered to be the most effective drug by both investigator and patients, with excellent/good results in 77% of the patients compared with 55% to 60% in the terfenadine group. Both drugs were reported to be more effective and faster acting than other antihistamines taken previously. Side-effects were infrequent and minor in both groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Contact sensitization in children.

Our study concerns contact sensitization in children, the frequency of which is still debated in the literature, even though specific reports are increasing. During a 7 year period (1988-1994) 670 patients, 6 months to 12 years of age, were patch tested with the European standard series, integrated with 24 haptens, at the same concentrations as for adults. We observed positive results in 42% of our patients. Thimerosal, nickel sulfate, Kathon CG, fragrance mix, neomycin, wool alcohols, and ammoniated mercury induced most of the positive responses. The highest sensitization rate was found in children from 0 to 3 years of age. Comments on main positive haptens are reported. Seventy-seven percent of our sensitized patients were atopics, suggesting that atopy represents a predisposing factor for contact hypersensitivity. Patch testing represents a useful diagnostic procedure for the definition of childhood eczematous dermatitis and for the identification of agents inducing contact sensitization which is frequently associated with atopic dermatitis.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Skin barrier, hydration, and pH of the skin of infants under 2 years of age.

The goal of this study was to instrumentally evaluate the skin of healthy infants and to compare it to adult skin. A total of 70 infants, 45 girls and 25 boys, ages 8-24 months, and 30 healthy women were studied by means of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), capacitance, and pH measurements at two different skin sites, the volar forearm and the buttocks. No significant differences in TEWL were found between infants and adults, either on the buttocks or on the volar forearm. On the contrary, capacitance values were higher in infants. Their skin also appeared less acid than that of adults, with high statistical significance. No TEWL, capacitance, or pH variations were observed in infants according to sex and age. On the basis of the above data, the skin of infants 8-24 months of age shows functional signs of immaturity. This may lead to an increased permeability and a reduced capacity for defense against chemical and microbial aggression.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Contact sensitization to disperse dyes in children.

From January 1996 to December 2000, 1098 children, including 667 subjects with suspected allergic contact dermatitis and 431 patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), were patch tested with seven disperse dyes: disperse blue 124 (DB124), disperse blue 106 (DB106), disperse red 1 (DR1), disperse yellow 3 (DY3), disperse orange 3 (DO3), p-aminoazobenzene (PAAB), and p-dimethylaminoazobenzene (PDAAB). Of these, 51 patients (4.6%; 34 girls and 17 boys) proved sensitized to disperse dyes. AD or history of AD was present in 30 patients (59%). The most common sensitizer was DY3 (17 patients), followed by DO3 (15 patients), and DB124 (14 patients). Among dye-positive patients, about 12% were sensitized to disperse dyes alone and only 14% reacted to para-phenylenediamine. In disperse dye-sensitive children not affected by AD, the feet, axillae, and groin appeared to be the most common localizations, whereas in those with AD, involvement of the face and the flexural areas of the limbs was more common. In conclusion, our study showed that in children with suspected contact sensitization, disperse dyes should be regarded as potential triggering allergens.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decrease in toxic potential of mixed tensides maintained below the critical micelle concentration: an in vitro study.

Sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) is an anionic tenside widely utilized in commercial topical preparations that may cause skin irritation. It has been shown that the barrier damage caused by SLS in vivo is lower when SLS is used in combination with other tensides which are able to reduce the critical micelle concentration (CMC). The aim of our study was to evaluate if the cytotoxic effect of SLS is reduced by the association with different tensides also at concentrations well below the CMC. Normal human keratinocytes from plastic surgery were grown in serum-free medium. At subconfluency, the cells were treated with SLS at a dose of 0.0025% in combination with cocamidopropyl betaine, Tween 20 and Tween 80 at the minimum toxic dose. Following tenside treatment, the culture medium was changed, and after 24 h the cells were collected for (3)H-thymidine incorporation, the MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and neutral red (NR) uptake. The cytotoxic effect on normal human keratinocytes, as evaluated by (3)H-thymidine incorporation, MTT assay and NR uptake, was significantly decreased by the combination with all the tested tensides. The correlation between cytotoxicity and physical properties was also studied by a conductimetric assay to investigate the mechanism involved in this toxicity reduction.

Betaine↗