Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Sawada.
Two small facial neurinomas located in the horizontal portion were presented to demonstrate the clinical features, diagnostic evaluation, and surgical treatment. These two cases show the early state of facial neurinoma and suggest the mechanism of facial paralysis by facial neurinoma. Facial nerve decompression is recommended for Bell's palsy unresponsive to the conservative therapy and recurrent facial palsy.
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Three hundred and ten patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix received postoperative radiation therapy and the relationship between the extent of lymph node metastases and the prognosis was analysed. Patients with lymph node metastases showed a markedly lower five-year survival rate (42.1%) than those without such metastases (91.9%). The prognosis for patients with lymph node metastases was inversely correlated to the number of nodes involved. Bilateral lymph node involvement or lymph node involvement above the bifurcation of the iliac artery gave a much poorer prognosis than unilateral involvement or involvement only below the bifurcation.
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Antigen-specific, T cell-derived helper factor (ASHF), recognizing alloantigens on chicken red blood cells (CRBC), had previously been shown to trigger an IgM anti-CRBC response in vitro by 2 X 10(3) affinity-enriched B cells. Triggering signals for B cell proliferation were shown to be substituted by ASHF or lipopolysaccharide, and signals for differentiation to IgM production by Thy-1+ cells. In an effort to demonstrate unequivocally antigen specificity of helper factor, secretory products and cell extracts from helper T cells that had been primed by either the B2 or the B13 chicken alloantigens, were purified by antigen affinity and ion exchange chromatography. With each step of purification, antigen-specific biologic activity of ASHF-containing material increased such that ASHF from B2, but not B13, primed helper T cells would help trigger a B2, but not a B13, -specific response and vice versa. Gel filtration of ASHF suggests it to have a m.w. of at least 50,000. Absorption studies showed that ASHF binds to B cells in the absence of antigen. Delivery of the triggering signal requires ASHF to bind simultaneously to both, the cell surface and the antigen. ASHF consists of at least two subunits that may be separated from each other by chelating agents. This yields two biologically inactive fractions, only one of which binds to the nominal antigen. Upon recombining them in the presence of Ca++, full biologic activity is restored.
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Biliary cystadenocarcinoma is a rare malignancy, and only one preoperatively perforated case was recorded among 36 cases documented in the literature. A 48-year-old female was admitted with chief complaints of right epigastralgia and a right upper abdominal mass. CT scan revealed a well-defined low density area with calcification in the right hepatic lobe. On postcontrast CT, the septa and an internal papillary projection were well enhanced. Angiography demonstrated displacement and stretching of the right hepatic artery encircling a hypovascular lesion with some tumor stain and pooling. At laparotomy, a child-head size multilocular cyst was found in the right hepatic lobe; cyst excision was performed. Pathological analysis showed both benign cystadenoma and cystadenocarcinoma, suggesting a transition from the benign to the malignant state. At 17 months after the procedure, the patient is in good condition.
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The proton NMR analysis of D-glucosaminate dehydratase reaction in D2O revealed the incorporation of a deuterium atom at C-3 carbon of the product, 2-keto-3-deoxy-D-gluconate. Based on the chemical shift of C-3 proton of the product and the coupling constant characteristic for the C-3 and C-4 axial-axial coupling in the 2C5 pyranose conformation, the deuterium is in the pro-S position. Thus, the dehydration of D-glucosaminate by the enzyme proceeds in a retention mode at C-3 carbon. Kinetic parameters show that the rate-determining step is the abstraction of alpha-proton from the substrate.
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A technique was developed to selectively facilitate transmission through synapses near the tip of a drug-ejecting micropipette by increasing Ca2+ concentration in a small space surrounding the tip. By means of this technique, we found that antagonists of excitatory amino acids, cis-2,3-piperidine dicarboxylic acid, gamma-D-glutamylglycine and glutamic acid diethylester, blocked excitation induced in CA3 neurons by glutamate and by mossy fiber stimulation in thin hippocampal sections of the guinea pig.
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The action of 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid (APB) on mossy fiber-induced excitation in CA3 neurons was studied in vitro with thin sections of guinea pig hippocampus. D- and DL-APB suppressed field potentials induced in regio CA3 by granular layer stimulation. Threshold concentration of DL-APB to induce the suppression was 2--5 microM. D-APB was about 10-fold less potent than DL-APB. Field potentials induced by fimbrial stimulation were much less affected. DL-APB was without effect on antidromic activation of granule cells. 2-Amino-phosphonovaleric acid had a similar but less potent action. Gamma-D-glutamylglycine and cis-2,3-piperidine dicarboxylic acid were almost ineffective. DL-APB suppressed excitatory postsynaptic potentials recorded intracellularly from CA3 neurons in response to granular layer stimulation but caused no marked changes in resting potentials, action potentials and membrane conductance. Single cell discharges induced by iontophoretic administration of glutamate (Glu) or aspartate (Asp) were unaffected when mossy fiber-induced excitation was suppressed by D- or DL-APB. DL-APB had no suppressing action on Glu- or Asp-induced depolarizing potentials. These results indicate that APB is relatively specific blocker of synaptic transmission between mossy fibers and CA3 neurons, and that this action does not result from blockade of receptors for Glu or Asp.