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S Sano

Publications and source records attributed to S Sano.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

A histopathological study of the relationship between otitis media and mastoiditis.

From a total of 1408 human temporal bones, 229 with otitis media or mastoiditis were selected; other contributing diseases were excluded. Of this group, 19.2% had an obstruction of the aditus ad antrum with pathologic tissue, usually granulation tissue. Although pathologic fluid and tissue were usually distributed throughout the middle ear and mastoid, in some cases, the most severe conditions were restricted to the mastoid. Pathologic conditions were more severe in cases with obstruction. An interesting observation was that columnar epithelial cells, goblet cells, and mucoid effusion were not observed in the mastoid, suggesting a restriction of secretory cells to the middle ear proper. It appears that obstruction of the aditus ad antrum contributes to the pathogenesis and accentuates pathologic conditions in otitis media.

Granulation Tissue↗
PubMed1991

Centrifugal pump left heart assist in pediatric cardiac operations. Indication, technique, and results.

Twelve children aged 6 days to 12 years had left or common atrial to aortic extracorporeal support with a centrifugal pump after cardiac operations. Left ventricular assist time ranged from 38 to 190 hours. Ten patients were successfully weaned from left ventricular assist device support; four hospital deaths occurred afterward. All six survivors were discharged from the hospital with improved left ventricular function. Although the follow-up time is short and the experience limited, we consider the centrifugal pump type of left ventricular assist device to be a potentially lifesaving treatment modality for selected pediatric patients having cardiac operations.

Cardiac Output, Low↗
PubMed1991

[Altered expression of protooncogenes during clinical course in an AML case transformed from MDS].

The changes of expression of oncogenes in the mononuclear cells of MDS case was studied during his clinical course, in series. His bone marrow was considered to maintain its function partly in initial stage, since both peripheral blood and bone marrow responded to clinical episodes. However, his hematopoietic function was gradually impaired with the disease evolution to AML. We examined the expression of four oncogenes in the mononuclear cells of his three clinical stages, early RAEB-t, RAEB-t and AML, to study the cause of transformation from MDS to AML. Early RAEB-t cells expressed all oncogenes studied other than c-myb, while only c-myc was weakly observed in RAEB-t. AML cells expressed c-myc, c-jun and c-myb, except for c-fms. The expression of c-fms and c-jun of early RAEB-t was considered to reflect the monocytosis induced by infections, and the expressions of c-myb and c-myc of AML cells were regarded as one of malignant signs of tumor transformation. These findings suggest that the evolutional transformation of MDS to AML was affected by the altered expression of oncogenes.

Anemia, Refractory, with Excess of Blasts↗
PubMed1990

Enzymic conversion of alpha-oxyprotohaem IX into biliverdin IX alpha by haem oxygenase.

Conversion of four isomers of meso-oxyprotohaem IX into the corresponding biliverdin IX was attempted with a reconstituted haem oxygenase system in the presence of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and NADPH. Only the alpha-isomer of meso-oxyprotohaem IX was converted effectively into biliverdin IX alpha, which was further reduced to bilirubin IX alpha by biliverdin reductase. Only trace amounts of biliverdins IX beta, IX gamma and IX delta were respectively formed from the incubation mixture of the corresponding oxyprotohaemin IX isomers with the complete haem oxygenase system under the same conditions. In a kinetic study, the Km for alpha-meso-oxyprotohaem IX was 3.6 microM, which was 2-fold higher than that for protohaem IX. The maximum velocity (Vmax.) of the conversion of alpha-meso-oxyprotohaem IX into biliverdin IX alpha was twice as fast as that of protohaem IX. These results demonstrate that alpha-meso-oxyprotohaem IX is an intermediate of haem degradation and it was converted stereospecifically into biliverdin IX alpha via verdohaem IX alpha.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Modified rotational acetabular osteotomy (RAO) for advanced osteoarthritis of the hip joint in the middle-aged person. First report.

Classical methods for pelvic osteotomy, such as those of Salter, Pemberton, Chiari, and Wagner, have been developed for reconstruction of the subluxed hip joint in children and young adults. Regarding pelvic osteotomy involving a middle-aged patient, however, there are not as many operation methods to consider, and it is difficult to choose the most suitable technique for alleviating advanced osteoarthritis. Based on current practice, total hip replacement (THR) seems the accepted method, though it presents problems such as loosening, sinking, and infections; because of these factors physicians hesitate to recommend THR surgery, particularly if the patient is otherwise healthy and appears to have many good years ahead of him. As an alternative, we have been developing and improving the acetabular osteotomy, based on Tagawa's rotational acetabular osteotomy (RAO) and Wagner's acetabular osteotomy (type II). In this paper we present the results of a modified RAO operation performed on 50 middle-aged patients with an average age of 42 years and 2 months (31-61). The average follow-up was 3 years and 3 months (1-9 years). In 82% of patients the result was satisfactory (41 of 50 cases). A similar osteotomy technique has been used by Eppright and Wagner. We feel that our method achieves a more favorable result for an older patient with severe osteoarthritis, since both the surgery and the follow-up rehabilitation are more comprehensive. A modified acetabular osteotomy should not be regarded as merely an alternative to total hip replacement, but as the preferred choice for hip-joint reconstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Prebiotic synthesis of orotic acid parallel to the biosynthetic pathway.

By heating an aqueous solution of aspartic acid and urea, carbamylaspartic acid is first formed and then the molecule is cyclized to dihydroorotic acid (DHO) with loss of water. Irradiation of an aqueous solution of DHO with a tungsten lamp yields orotic acid by photo-dehydrogenation of the molecule. This pathway of orotic acid formation is quite similar to that of biosynthesis of the molecule.

Aspartic Acid↗
PubMed1990

Critical aortic stenosis in the first month of life: surgical results in 26 infants.

Between 1980 and 1989, 26 infants aged less than 1 month underwent open aortic valvotomy for critical aortic stenosis. All had congestive heart failure requiring inotropic agents (58%), ventilation (42%), and/or prostaglandin E1 (35%) preoperatively. Nine patients with isolated aortic stenosis had an operative mortality of 0%, whereas 17 patients with other anatomical lesions had a 47% mortality (p less than 0.01). Univariate analysis failed to identify additional risk factors other than year of operation (p less than 0.05). There were four late deaths, three probably related to arrhythmia (actuarial survival at 113 months = 0.53). Two patients have required late reoperation; neither required valve replacement.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1990

Isolated myocardial perfusion during arch repair.

Repair of coarctation of the aorta with severe hypoplasia of the aortic arch or interrupted aortic arch was performed in 5 patients using a modification of the usual technique that consisted of isolated myocardial perfusion during arch repair. The aortic cross-clamp was placed on the ascending aorta distal to the aortic cannula. Cardiopulmonary bypass flow was reduced to about 10% of full flow, achieving a line pressure of 35 to 45 mm Hg to keep the heart perfused and beating during arch repair. Once the aortic arch was repaired, total body perfusion was continued as usual and intracardiac repair was performed. Isolated myocardial perfusion for aortic arch reconstruction reduces myocardial ischemic time.

Aorta↗
PubMed1990

Increased survival length of experimental flap by calcium antagonist nifedipine.

The effect of a calcium antagonist (nifedipine) on flap survival was examined. A flap measuring 15 mm wide x 70 mm long was designed on the central region of the back of rats. The base of the flap was located 20 mm cranial from the root of the tail in each rat. The effect of the drug was evaluated on the basis of the difference between the dye distance and survival length. It was found that nifedipine extended the survival length of the flap. There were no significant differences in increased survival length between nifedipine and intravenously administered prostaglandin E1. There was no dose-dependent change on the effect of nifedipine. Increased survival length was demonstrated even at its usual clinical dosage. It was anticipated that there is a possibility of clinical application of this drug.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Unstable lumbar spine without hypermobility in postlaminectomy cases. Mechanism of symptoms and effect of spinal fusion with and without spinal instrumentation.

The morbid conditions of unstable lumbar spine that are not associated with hypermobility in postlaminectomy cases were studied. The dura and the nerve roots with adhesion could be affected by minimal movement of the spine, which seemed to be the mechanism of symptoms of instability without hypermobility. The effects of spinal instrumentation on this particular instability were studied. The spinal instrumentation provides instantaneous rigid fixation, and maintains it until fusion is obtained, which might prevent adhesion, new bone formation, and re-stenosis. Spinal instrumentation seemed to be the effective treatment for this particular instability.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Oligosaccharide-related epitope specific for a brain-specific glycoprotein, 1D4 antigen.

The characteristics of glycosylation of a brain-specific glycoprotein, 1D4 antigen, and the epitope recognized by its monoclonal antibody were studied. Removal of high-mannose and hybrid types of N-linked oligosaccharides by treatment with endoglycosidase H converted the molecular mass of the 1D4 antigen from 89 kDa to 78 kDa, but did not affect its reactivity with the 1D4 monoclonal antibody. Removal of all types of N-linked oligosaccharides by treatment with glycopeptidase F or removal of both N- and O-linked oligosaccharides by chemical treatment caused both reduction of the molecular mass of the antigen to 63 kDa and loss of its reactivity with the monoclonal antibody. These results suggest that the 1D4 monoclonal antibody recognizes a complex-type oligosaccharide-related epitope specific for the 1D4 antigen. Results also showed that N-linked glycosylation was not responsible for the charge heterogeneity of the 1D4 antigen. The oligosaccharide chain-related epitope was detected in rat brain but not in mouse, rabbit, or bovine brain, but the 1D4 antigen was recognized in rat and mouse brains with antiserum (polyclonal antibodies). These findings indicate that the oligosaccharide-related epitope is species specific. Furthermore, results with neuraminidase-treated 1D4 antigen indicated that sialic acids were not involved in the oligosaccharide-related epitope. These findings suggest that the 1D4 antigen may have the oligosaccharide structure specific for rat brain and itself.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Repair of truncus arteriosus and interrupted aortic arch.

A total of seven patients with truncus arteriosus and interrupted aortic arch (IAA) comprises our surgical experience in this condition. All underwent primary complete repair via median sternotomy between June 1985 and December 1989. Median age at repair was 8 days and median weight, 3.2 kg. Anatomy of these seven patients was truncus arteriosus type "1 1/2" in five patients and type II in two patients, IAA type B in six patients and type A in one patient. Aortic arch was reconstructed by direct anastomosis of ascending aorta and descending aorta. Right ventricle to pulmonary artery continuity was established with a porcine valved conduit in four patients, aortic homograft in two, and aortic homograft monocusp patch in one. Three patients have required five reoperations (three in one patient). One reoperation was due to compression of the left main bronchus from the reconstructed aorta, one was due to obstruction of the aorta at the site of IAA repair, and one was due to compression of the left main bronchus, right pulmonary artery, and residual stenosis across the hypoplastic ascending aorta. There were no early or late deaths and all seven survivors are currently well with a mean follow-up of 29 months from initial repair.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1990

[Plastic, partial meniscectomy for the discoid meniscus in children].

Plastic, partial meniscectomy which preserves the marginal part of meniscal cartilage was carried out in our hospital for children with symptomatic lateral discoid meniscus. The post-operative results were good in almost all patients at the follow-up evaluation. We will report on the operative techniques and the post-operative evaluation of these cases. From June 1982 to December 1989, 34 discoid lateral menisci in 27 children under the age of 15 years were operated on Itabashi Hospital of Nihon University. After recognition of discoid meniscus with arthroscopy, plastic, partial meniscectomy was carried out via a small transverse skin incision, forming the edge of a normal meniscus. About 2/3 of the central part of a discoid meniscus was resected, leaving about 1.0 cm of its marginal part. The average duration of follow-up was 5 years 4 months. The post-operative results were rated on the basis of the JOA Score for Meniscus Injuries and for the present series stood at 92.9 points. Among these 27 children, 17 had been injured during sports activities and all of them returned to their previous activities except three. Radiologically, mild osteoarthritic changes were noted in only a few cases during the follow-up period. It was concluded that plastic, partial meniscectomy was one of the variable procedures in the treatment of symptomatic discoid meniscus in children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte unresponsiveness induced by prolonged treatment with immobilized anti-CD3 antibody. Association of impairment of cytolytic activity with temporary depletion of intracellular protein kinase C.

In our study we investigated the effect of pretreatment of bulk CTL and CTL clones with immobilized anti-CD3 antibody (Ab) or PMA. Primary CTL and CTL clones were cultured in dishes coated with anti-CD3 Ab or in medium containing PMA (5 nM) and assayed for Ag-specific or Ag-nonspecific "redirected" cytolysis using FcR+ P815 cells as targets. Cytotoxic activity of bulk CTL and five of six CTL clones tested in this study were inhibited by prolonged (longer than 6 h) pretreatment with immobilized anti-CD3 Ab or PMA, whereas proliferation of CTL clones or expression of surface CD3 molecules were not. The intracellular granule enzyme (N-alpha-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-lysine thiobenzyl ester esterase) activity of CTL clones was not reduced under these suppressive conditions, indicating that the incompetence of CTL is not merely due to depletion of cytolytic granules by chronic stimulation. The suppressed cytotoxicity could be recovered by culturing CTL without perturbation of CD3 molecules for 24 h. In one exceptional clone, BM10-37, pretreatment with immobilized anti-CD3 Ab or PMA did not suppress the cytotoxic activity. Immunostaining of intracellular protein kinase C (PKC) revealed that PKC was depleted after prolonged treatment with immobilized anti-CD3 Ab or PMA in those susceptible CTL clones but not in the resistant BM10-37. These findings lead us to conclude that prolonged stimulation of CD3 of CTL results in depletion of PKC and that PKC may be essential for signal transduction to deliver a lethal hit to the target cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A novel brain-specific antigen: a glycoprotein electrophoretically similar to but immunochemically different from type B nucleoside diphosphatase.

A monoclonal antibody, 1D4, recognizing a novel brain-specific protein was obtained. The 1D4 antigen is regarded to be a glycoprotein because it was adsorbed on the Con A-Sepharose column used for its purification. The antiserum (polyclonal antibodies) against the 1D4 antigen was raised in a rabbit and shown to react with just the same molecules as the 1D4 monoclonal antibody did. It was used to detect the antigen in crude tissue homogenates. The molecular mass of the 1D4 antigen was estimated to be 89 kDa by immunoblotting after sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the brain homogenate. The 1D4 antigen had multiple isoelectric points, the pattern of the bands detected on isoelectric focusing gel being quite similar to that of Type B nucleoside diphosphatase of the brain. However, they are distinct, since Type B nucleoside diphosphatase was not adsorbed by anti-1D4 antigen IgG-Sepharose 4B. The 1D4 antigen could not be detected in any of the peripheral organs or tissues tested. The 1D4 antigen was rich in the cerebrum, diencephalon, and cerebellum in the brain, and its content decreased with the distance of the region from the cerebrum. The amounts of the 1D4 antigen in the cerebrum and cerebellum increased with the respective developmental maturation. These findings suggest that the 1D4 antigen contributes to some brain-specific functions of the mature brain.

Acid Anhydride Hydrolases↗
PubMed1989

Radiosensitizing hypoxic cells with new 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole derivatives in vitro and in vivo.

The new regioisomer derivatives 4a-f and 5a-f of 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazole (3-NTR) were synthesized for the development of new radiosensitizers of hypoxic cancer cells for radiotherapy. N(2)-Substituted 3-NTR derivatives 5a-f were stronger radiosensitizers of hypoxic cells in vitro (Chinese hamster V79 cells) than N(1)-substituted 3-NTR derivatives 4a-f, but in vivo they were weaker (SCCVII carcinoma cells inoculated into C3H/He mouse).

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Evaluation of the left ventricular reserve by dynamic exercise echocardiography after surgery for valvular heart diseases.

Dynamic ergometer exercise in a supine position was applied to 64 patients more than 1 year after valvular heart surgery, and the left ventricular reserve was evaluated echocardiographically. The left ventricular reserve declined in the mitral stenosis-mitral valve replacement group, while it was better maintained in the mitral stenosis-mitral commissurotomy, aortic regurgitation and aortic stenosis groups. The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on whether the percentage increase during exercise of stroke index, an index of left ventricular pump function, increased, unchanged, or decreased. The percentage increase of mean velocity of circumferential fibre shortening (y) and that of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (x) during exercise were plotted for each group. The increased group was isolated from the unchanged group by the line of y = -5.02x + 30.1; the unchanged group was isolated from the decreased group by that of y = -5.68x-10.0, and the increased and unchanged groups were clearly isolated from the decreased group by that of y = -6.86x-4.76. We conclude that dynamic ergometer exercise echocardiography is useful for evaluating the left ventricular reserve of postoperative patients with valvular heart disease. It was also thought that the subclinical state of cardiac failure can be effectively detected by the present method.

Adult↗