Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Sano.
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Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.37) which converts uroporphyrinogen I or III into coproporphyrinogen I or III, respectively, was purified about 5,500-fold from chicken erythrocytes. Purification was accomplished by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, ammonium sulfate fractionation, chromatography on Sephadex G-100, and chromatofocusing. The most purified preparation was homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and had a specific activity of 1,420 units/mg of protein, the highest value so far reported. The molecular weight, as determined by Sephadex G-150 gel chromatography, is 79,000. The subunit molecular weight, as determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, is 39,700, suggesting that uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase is dimeric in form. The purified enzyme had an isoelectric point of 6.2 and a pH optimum of 6.8. The SH reagents inhibited the enzyme activity, but neither metal ions nor cofactor requirements could be demonstrated. A new and simple method for the separation of free uroporphyrin, hepta-, hexa-, and pentacarboxylic porphyrins and coproporphyrin was developed using a high pressure liquid chromatograph equipped with a spectrofluorometric detector. Kinetic studies of the sequential decarboxylation of uroporphyrinogen with purified enzyme were performed. 3,4,3',4'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl and 3,4,5,3',4'5'-hexachlorobiphenyl which specifically induce delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase also strongly inhibit uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase directly at two steps, i.e. first in the formation of hexacarboxylic porphyrinogen III from heptacarboxylic porphyrinogen III and second in the formation of heptacarboxylic porphyrinogen III from uroporphyrinogen III.
An extremely rare case of bilateral oblique facial cleft is presented. This should be classified as a bilateral oroocular Type I cleft according to Boo-Chai's classification and a bilateral No. 4 cleft according to Tessier's classification. Except for this deformity, the patient was normal and healthy. Corrective surgical procedures were carried out between the ages of 4 months and 18 months to repair the left and right clefts, remove an abscess caused by the remnant of the lacrimal canal, and repair the cleft palate. The patient is now making a good recovery. Bone graftings or craniofacial osteotomies may be recommended at a later age.
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The amount of ALA-D in human erythrocytes was determined directly by radioimmunoassay or calculated from the restored activity assayed in the presence of zinc and dithiothreitol, and a good correlation was observed between the RIA-based and the restored activity-based amounts. The RIA-based amount of ALA-D in the blood of 10 normal individuals (blood lead levels of 5.6 +/- 2.3 micrograms/ml: mean +/- SD) and 19 lead-exposed workers (blood lead levels of 41.2 +/- 10.2 micrograms/100 ml) was 54.1 +/- 11.8 microgram/ml blood and 92.3 +/- 20.6 micrograms/ml blood, respectively, indicating an apparent increase of the enzyme amount in lead-exposed workers. A significant increase in the amount of erythrocyte ALA-D calculated from the restored activity in lead-exposed workers was observed even in the low blood lead level of 10-20 microgram/100 ml, resulting in the range of blood lead level 20-40 microgram/100 ml. No significant difference was observed in hematocrit and hemoglobin content between lead-exposed and non-exposed groups. These observations suggested that the increase of erythrocyte ALA-D in lead exposure was not due to anemia, which might result in the increase of young erythrocytes in peripheral blood. This increase in the amount of ALA-D in human erythrocytes might be a result of the function to overcome the inhibition of the enzyme in bone marrow cells during lead exposure, and these findings may throw light on the danger to human health of low-level lead toxicity.
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It was clarified that the absorption of silver sulphadiazine cream, a widely-used topical agent against Pseudomonas infection after burns, through both superficial and deep dermal burn surfaces as well as the normal skin, was negligible, but that its absorption increased when the blister was removed. After absorption, the silver sulphadiazine was dissociated into two portions. The sulphadiazine portion was excreted into the urine quickly and the silver portion, on the contrary, remained at a certain level in the body for a long time. Our results given some suggestions about the indications for silver sulphadiazine cream. The cream seems to be inadequate for treating second-degree burns but may be useful for the treatment of third- or fourth-degree burns.
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A 30-year-old male taxi driver developed extensive purpuric necrotic lesions all over his body. He had a consolidated shadow in the right upper lung field, proteinuria with microscopic hematuria, and granulomatous change in the nasal mucosa. The standard regimen of prednisolone alone or in combination with cyclophosphamide showed only a limited effect on the lesion. However, weekly intravenous injections of a high dose of cyclophosphamide (500 mg/week) in combination with 60 mg/day of prednisolone exhibited dramatical suppression of the disease activity.
A clear correlation expressed by the following equation was observed between the preoperative left ventricular end-systolic eccentricity (epsilon s) and the percentage change of the left ventricular dimension (% delta D) in chronic valvular heart diseases: % delta D = 88.37 epsilon s - 48.16 (r = 0.66, p less than 0.001). Therefore, epsilon s may function as an index for predicting the postoperative cardiac performance independent of the affected valvular locations and the morphology of the lesions.