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Biomedical subjects

S Salazar

Publications and source records attributed to S Salazar.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[The cytogenetics of premature ovarian failure].

Premature ovarian failure is defined as the occurrence of menopause before the age of 40 years. Etiology has been related to genetic, autoimmune or infectious factors, resistance to gonadotropins and others. Forty-seven patients with this diagnosis were referred for cytogenetic analysis. Sixty-eight percent of the cases had a normal karyotype. In 10.7% there was one 45,X cell and they were catalogued as normal. In 15% of the patients there was a mosaicism with normal cell lines and additional 45,X, 47,XXXX and 48,XXXX ones. Two women had a chromosomal constitution 47,XXX. In one 22-year old patient there was a reciprocal balanced translocation 46,X t(X; 18) (q21.2;q22). The presence of different cell lines, including 45,X cells, could explain an accelerated loss of gametes in the ovary. In women with 47,XXX karyotype, fertility problems and premature menopause have been described. The study of the balanced X-autosome translocation with DNA technics could allow to find the molecular basis of the ovarian failure, permitting the direct search of the gene involved at the site of disruption.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Teratogenic action of alpha-asarone in the mouse].

The embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of alpha-asarone were investigated in mice. The drug was dissolved in corn oil, and administered daily, by gavage, on days 6 to 15 of gestation, at 0 (controls), 5, 15, 30 and 60 mg/kg. Fetuses were removed on day 18 by caesarean section and examined using routine teratological methods. A significant maternal toxicity was observed in dams given 60 mg/kg, as indicated by a reduced weight gain. An embryolethality was observed in 15, 30 and 60 mg/kg treated groups. In addition, the highest dose induced fetal malformations, mainly represented by hydrocephaly, extra-ribs, clubfeet and cleft lips.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1991

[The surgical treatment of anterior hypospadias. Apropos 590 cases (1966-1988). The indications and results. The current trends in surgical treatment].

The surgical treatment of hypospadias is very complex. The objective is to obtain a satisfactory urinary and genital function with an equal morphological, anatomical and aesthetic result. Our contribution covers twenty-two years of surgical multicentre experience (590 cases). We evaluate the surgical indication, results, complications, associated malformations and study protocols. We have objectively evaluated the evolution of the indications, as well as the application of different techniques depending on the extent of urethral malformation.

Child↗
PubMed1991

[Results of chromosomal studies in 270 couples with reproductive problems].

Cytogenetic study in couples with recurrent reproductive failure allows the detection of structural chromosome anomalies which don't have a phenotypic effect in carriers, but permit the explanation of the production of genetically unbalanced gametes. We present the investigation performed in 270 couples which demonstrated a chromosomal alteration in 9.2% of them. This allows genetic counselling in respect of the importance of the finding, recurrence risk and reproductive alternatives. In 8.6% we found some cellular lines with aneuploidies in sexual chromosomes, which don't represent a such concrete risk.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Epidemiology of diphyllobothriasis in the Valdivia river basin, Chile].

In the Valdivia (Chile) river basin 1,295 inhabitants of 6 riverside districts were examined between March and October 1987 and showed a 1.2% of prevalence by Diphyllobothrium in the districts of Riñihue and Las Huellas. Prevalence of 5.3% and 9.8% respectively were registered in dogs of the districts of Riñihue and Malihue. No cat or pig infection was observed in the different districts. The parasites recovered after the treatment were identified as Diphyllobothrium latum. Human infection by D. latum in the districts affected results from the consumption of smoked or insufficiently cooked fish. The investigation of 1,450 fish (4 exotic species and 11 autochthonous ones), caught in the Valdivia river basin in 1986 and 1987, showed the existence of plerocercoids of D. latum and/or Diphyllobothrium dendriticum in Salmo gairdneri and Salmo trutta among exotic fish and in some autochthonous species. Prevalence and mean intensity in the infection of fish as well as the degree of aggregation in the infrapopulations varied in the different districts. Some species of fish would act as intermediary hosts and others as paratenic hosts in the life cycles of Diphyllobothrium spp. in the Valdivia river basin. An improvement in the conditions of basic sanitation, in sanitary education and in the treatment of infected persons is proposed as a means for the control of diphyllobothriasis in the districts affected.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Teratogenic study of Spirulina in rats].

The algae Spirulina has been considered for use as a supplementary protein to feed and food. Any form of single cell protein destined to this purpose should be previously subjected to detailed toxicological investigations in animals or another experimental models. The present study was therefore designed to determine the teratogenic potential of Spirulina in rats. The algae was administered in the diet at the levels of 0, 10, 20 and 30 g/100 g on days 7-14, 1-14 and 1-21 of gestation. The dams were sacrificed prior to term, and the fetuses examined for external, visceral and skeletal abnormalities. Maternal and fetal weights were not affected. Neither fetotoxicity nor teratogenicity was associated with the dietary ingestion of Spirulina. It is also considered important to extend these studies to other animal species.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1980

[Effects of diacetoxyscirpenol on experimental candidiasis of mice].

A single injection of 4.5 mg/kg of diacetoxyscirpenol (a toxin synthesized by Fusarium) into Mice challenged by C. albicans, increases significantly the development of an experimental candidiasis. Suspensions of homogenized kidneys was spread on Sabouraud dextrose agar plates and the colonies of C. albicans were counted after 24 hrs incubation. The mean values were determined. Comparison of mean values calculated for kidneys from the Mice challenged with C. albicans and those challenged with C. albicans plus toxin gave highly significant results.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Neurofibroma with mucus-producing glands. Report of a case and literature review].

INTRODUCTION: Most tumors of peripheral nerve sheaths containing glands are malignant tumors associated with Von Recklinghausen's disease. CLINICAL CASE: A 39 year old man consulted with a tumour on a finger of the right hand, which was not painful, and was slow growing. There was no past history of neurofibromatosis. Histological study showed a tumour of the peripheral nerve sheath, a benign type of neurofibroma containing glands. Immunohistochemical techniques confirmed that it had the stroma of a Schwannoma with well-defined glandular epithelial elements. CONCLUSIONS: A neurofibroma with glands is considered to be a rare type of divergent differentiation, and of considerable interest to pathologists, since it must be differentiated from other tumoral lesions. Immunohistochemical study is very useful for this.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Non-surgical drainage of intra-abdominal abscesses].

UNLABELLED: Intra-abdominal abscesses were treated by percutaneous needle drainage. Diagnosis was based, in 100% of the cases, on clinical findings, flat abdomen X-rays and ultrasound. 71% had previous abdominal surgery and 17% had abdominal trauma. The abscesses were located as follows: 29% in the liver, 24% in right sub-diaphragmatic area, 41% had several locations and 6% was pyogenic collection in de common biliary duct. The average duration of drainage was 9 days. Fifteen out of the 17 procedures were successful (88%). Predominant germs obtained in cultures of the drained material were E. Coli and P. Aeruginosa. CONCLUSION: the above experience demonstrate that percutaneous drainage in intra-abdominal abscesses is a secure and effective procedure with high rate of success and low of morbidity and mortality. It must be considered as treatment of choice.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Abdominal tuberculosis].

20 cases of abdominal tuberculosis (TB) were evaluated; from these, 10% with intestinal TB without peritoneal involvement and 90% presenting TB of peritoneal localization. 80% of the patients showed clinical manifestation in other organs. Pleura-lung alterations were found in 83% of the cases after X-ray chest examination. The diagnosis of abdominal TB was based on finding of caseating tuberculoid granuloma (65%), anti-TB therapeutic response (30%) and positive observation of acid-fast bacillus in sputum (5%). The conclusions from this review are that: 1) Patients with chronic illness, negative cultures and clinical evidence of infectious etiology are highly suspicious; 2) Analysis of pathologic specimens was the most accurate diagnostic method; 3) when abdominal TB is suspected a stepwise methodology must be followed to confirm diagnosis; 4) Anti-TB therapy must be started as soon as diagnosis is confirmed.

Adolescent↗