Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Sakaguchi.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Some alterations in lipid metabolism in mice were observed by the intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin from Salmonella typhimurium. The content of serum triglyceride increased markedly in poisoned mice 16-24 hr postintoxication. The level of free fatty acid (FFA) in the serum of endotoxin-administered mice decreased in inverse proportion to an increase in the injected dose of endotoxin. The electrophoretic analysis of the serum lipoprotein on cellulose acetate membrane showed that pre beta-lipoprotein increased markedly and that FFA fraction in the poisoned mice sera disappeared 18 hr postintoxication. The activity of hormone-sensitive lipase in adipose tissue was elevated appreciably 2 hr after injection, but decreased more significantly after 18 hr than that in fasted control mice. On the other hand, the activity of lipoprotein lipase decreased in the post-heparin serum and adipose tissue 3 hr postintoxication, and decreased significantly after 16 hr. There were no significant differences between changes in the formation of active glycerol (alpha-GP) and in the activity of alpha glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (alpha-GPDH) in the mice liver with or without administration of endotoxin, and after 16 hr levels of both hepatic alpha-GP content and alpha-GPDH activity in poisoned mice showed a tendency to be slightly lower than those in fasted control mice.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Unanesthetized, unrestrained kangaroo rats (Dipodomys) were studied to examine the changes in the frequency and duration of sleep states caused by long-term manipulations of hypothalamic temperature (Thy) at a thermoneutral (30 degrees C) and a low (20 degrees C) ambient temperature (Ta). A cold stimulus present in either the hypothalamus or the skin decreased both the total sleep time (TST) and the ratio of paradoxical sleep (PS) to TST. At a low Ta, TST, but not the PS-to-TST ratio, was increased by raising Thy, indicating that a cold peripheral stimulus could differentially inhibit PS. At a thermoneutral Ta, cooling Thy decreased both TST and the PS/TST. Changes in the amount of PS were due largely to changes in the frequency, but not the duration, of individual episodes of PS, suggesting that the transition to PS is partially dependent on the thermoregulatory conditions existing during slow-wave sleep (SWS). These results are consistent with the recent findings that the thermoregulatory system is functional during SWS but is inhibited or inactivated during PS.
Results of various surgical treatment for chronic lymphedema of the extremities were described. None of the procedures was ideal, unfortunately. Advance in this field is expected.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
The frequency of HLA BW54 and B5 in Japanese patients with JOD is increased and decreased, respectively. In JOD patients without a family history of MOD, the frequency of BW54 is significantly increased, whereas in JOD patients with a positive family history the frequency was not increased in a statistically significant manner.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Seventy-one patients with liver cancer were examined by B-scan ultrasonography. The presence of liver cancer was assumed through the irregularity and increased intensity of echos. The accuracy of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of liver cancer was 72%, while the diagnostic accuracy of scintigraphy was 85% and angiography 93%. No obvious correlation could be demonstrated between the ultrasonographic patterns and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. Ultrasonography is a useful method of detecting liver cancer.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
A double-blind multiclinic trial compared the efficacies of pyridinolcarbamate and inositol niacinate in the patients with the ischemic ulcer due to chronic arterial occlusion. A thrice-daily dose of 1.5 g of pyridinolcarbamate or 1.2 g of inositol niacinate was given at random to the patients during cold seasons, and the effectiveness of treatment was assessed mainly on the basis of the clinical course of the ischemic ulcer and the rest pain. The patients were classified into 4- and 6-week groups. Beneficial results were recorded in 16 of 32 cases (50.0%) of the 4-week pyridinolcarbamate group, and in 24 of 42 cases (57.1%) of the 4-week inositol niacinate group. In the 6-week group favorable results were observed in 54 of 79 cases (68.4%) on pyridinolcarbamate, and in 36 of 74 cases (48.6%) on inositol niacinate. Although sympathectomy is currently indicated for these ischemic lesions, long-term treatment with pyridinolcarbamate is recommended on the basis of the finding that the 6-week treatment appears superior to the 4-week treatment and also to the 6-week treatment with inositiol niacinate.
Thirty-three Japanese patients with Graves' disease and 106 healthy controls living in the Kagoshima area, the southernmost part of the Japanese mainland, were HLA typed by the NIH method. None of them were related to each other. The only antigen showing an increased frequency in Japanese patients with Graves' disease was HLA-BW35 (corrected P less than 0.02). A decreased frequency of B5 in the patients was also statistically significant (corrected p less than 0.02).
Seventy-eight Japanese diabetics were HLA-typed, with special reference to age at onset, insulin dependency, and family history. HLA-A9, B5, and BW40 were increased, but A1, A3, and B8, which are found frequently among Caucasians, were almost absent among Japanese healthy controls as well as diabetics. J-1, a Japanese specific subclass of BW22, was significantly increased in juvenile-onset diabetics as compared with controls or diabetics with late onset. J-1 was also increased in the diabetics with insulin dependency and/or positive family history. But the association of J-1 with juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus was found to be the strongest. A tendency to a decrease in B5 was also observed in Japanese diabetics with juvenile onset, but this did not reach statistical significance as far as corrected P was concerned. These results showed that genetic markers for diabetes mellitus, especially that with juvenile onset, were different among Japanese from those found among Caucasians. There is ample evidence to indicate a race specificity in HLA phenotypes in diabetics as well as in controls. These findings also strongly suggest that juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus is a disease entity in itself and different from late-onset diabetes mellitus in origin and pathogenesis.
Chronic effects of propranolol on plasma lipids and lipoprotein composition were examined in ten patients who had previous strokes and normal plasma lipids. Although plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol were not affected by propranolol, a slight decrease of free cholesterol and phospholipids and a significant increase of free fatty acids were observed in the eighth week of propranolol treatment. Reciprocal changes were observed in lipoprotein composition; these were an increase in lipids of very low-density lipoprotein and a decrease in lipids of both low-density and high-density lipoproteins. Postheparin lipolytic activity was significantly suppressed by the administration of propranolol. Inhibition of lipoprotein lipase by propranolol was considered to have played a role in the reciprocal changes of lipoprotein composition.
A nonproteolytic strain of Clostridium botulinum type B produces two toxins of different molecular weight (16S and 12S) that are indistinguishable from the corresponding toxins of a proteolytic strain in molecular weight and construction but differ in potential toxicity, activation ratio, and hemagglutinability. Successful hybridization between the toxic and nontoxic components (both7S) of 12S toxins of biologically heterologous type B strains confirmed the physico-chemical similarity between the toxic as well as the nontoxic components.