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Biomedical subjects

S Rose

Publications and source records attributed to S Rose.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

The relationship of acetylation phenotype to treatment with MAOIs: a review.

The English language literature that addresses the relationship between acetylation phenotype and clinical response to monoamine oxidase inhibitors is reviewed. In all, seven studies have been published in the last 20 years. Historical antecedents leading to interest in the relationship between acetylation phenotype and monoamine oxidase inhibitors are examined. Each study is then summarized, with comments about its relative merits and deficiencies. The review concludes that the data published do not support the notion of a correlation between acetylation phenotype and clinical response to monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

Acetylation↗
PubMed1981

ADP and epinephrine-induced release of platelet fibrinogen.

Human platelets gel-filtered into Tyrode's buffer containing 1 mM Mg++ and 0.35% bovine serum albumin were studied to determine whether they would undergo biphasic aggregation and release of alpha-granule proteins in response to adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or epinephrine without addition of exogenous fibrinogen. Fibrinogen concentration in the supernatant of unaggregated gel-filtered platelets was less than 1 pmole/ml. With addition of ADP or epinephrine, biphasic aggregation was seen, with release of platelet fibrinogen, beta-thromboglobulin, and platelet factor 4. Fibrinogen concentration in the supernatant after aggregation ranged from 15 to 70 pmole/ml. Release of the alpha-granule proteins by epinephrine was coincidental with release of the dense granule adenine nucleotides. Aggregation and alpha-granule protein release by both ADP and epinephrine were inhibited by added Ca++ at 1--2 mM. The ability of gel-filtered platelets to undergo ADP- and epinephrine-induced aggregation and release in the absence of exogenous fibrinogen suggests that released platelet fibrinogen may be able to fulfill the requirement for fibrinogen in ADP- and epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation and release.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1980

The preparation of a sarcolemmal fraction from evacuated muscle slices.

A novel procedure is described for preparing a plasma membrane fraction from skeletal muscle (e.i., sarcolemma). The procedure entails evacuating the myoplasm from muscle slices as a preliminary step to homogenization and fractionation. The evacuated muscle slices are composed of a stroma-containing sarcolemma, which is then homogenized and fractionated, utilizing a sequence of differential and discontinuous sucrose density gradient centrifugations. On the basis of electron microscopy, selective enzyme markers and alpha-bungarotoxin binding in innervated and denervated muscles, the fraction most enriched with sarcolemma is recovered from the 0.5/0.7 M interface of a discontinuous sucrose gradient.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1977

Visual following in newborns: role of figure-ground contrast and configurational detail.

Visual pursuit was used in studying the ability of newborn infants to discriminate levels of contrast. Ratings of the degree of eye and head following were made as subjects pursued facial targets which varied in terms of the degree fo figure-gound contrast and te degree of contrast internal to the figure as defined by the presence of contrast such that the strongest pursuit occurred to stimuli which had clearly discriminable facial detailing in addition to strong figure-ground contrast. These results suggest that the newborn is sensitive not only to large border areas of high contrasting illumination but to finer configurational details of stimuli as well.

Attention↗
PubMed1975

Effects of nerve growth factor administration of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea carcinogenesis.

We attempted to determine whether the sympathetic nervous system in rodents is susceptible to co-carcinogenesis, employing murine salivary nerve growth factor (NGF) as a co-carcinogenic agent. NGF had no co-carcinogenic effect with either methylcholanthrene or ethylnitrosourea (ENU) on the sympathetic nervous system of the mouse, whether administered transplacentally, postnatally, or both transplacentally and postnatally. At a dose of ENU of 30 mug/g body weight, NGF did not shorten the latent period for tumor induction of BD-IX rats. In contrast, a 25% reduction in latent period was brough about by NGF for tumor appearance in BD-IX rats receiving 90 mug/g ENU. In both cases the frequency of urogenital tumors in rats was increased as a result of NGF administration, at the apparent expense of neural tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Effects of exposure to an imprinting stimulus on the activity of enzymes involved in acetylcholine metabolism in chick brain.

One-day-old chicks were exposed for 60 min to either an imprinting stimulus or a dark-box. They were killed at 0, 1, 6 or 12 h after the end of this treatment, and the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAc) assayed in the forebrain roof, forebrain base and midbrain. The activity of AChE increased by 11% in the roof of stimulus-exposed birds 1 h after exposure and in base (by 13%) and midbrain (by 8%) 6 h after exposure. At 12 h the only difference was a lowered AChE (14%) activity in midbrain of stimulus-exposed animals. By contrast only one difference was found in ChAc activity between the two types of birds: an elevation of 10% immediately after the end of treatment (0 h) in the midbrain of the stimulus-exposed birds.

Acetylcholinesterase↗