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Biomedical subjects

S R Verma

Publications and source records attributed to S R Verma.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Pesticide-induced physiological alterations in certain tissues of a fish, Mystus vittatus.

Effect of sublethal concentrations (1/5, 1/10 and 1/15 fractions of 96-h TL50) of thiotox, dichlorvos and carbofuran on acid, alkaline and glucose-6-phosphatase of liver, kidney and gills of Mystus vittatus have been studied. Maximum (62.79%) inhibition of alkaline phosphatase in gills after thiotox (0.00013 mg/l) treatment have been observed. At 0.000045mg/l concentrations of thiotox, a marginal (7.6%) and significant (P less than 0.01) stimulation was observed in hepatic alkaline phosphatase activity.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Effects of synthetic detergents on in vivo activity of tissue phosphatases and succinic dehydrogenase from Mystus vittatus.

African catfish (Mystus vittatus) were exposed to three sub-lethal concentrations of Swascofix E45 (13.8, 9.2 and 4.6 mg/l) and Swascol 3L (69.3, 46.2 and 23.1 mg/l) for 15 and 30 days, and their effects on alkaline and acid phosphatase, and succinic dehydrogenase in liver, kidney and intestine were measured. The enzymes were found to be inhibited in all the tissues. Maximum inhibition (38.44%) was observed in liver alkaline phosphatase activity after 30 days with the highest concentration of Swascofix E45 and the lowest inhibition (0.118%) was found in kidney acid phosphatase activity with the lowest concentration of Swascol 3L after 15 days. Insignificant enzyme stimulation in some cases was also observed.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Isolated and combined effects of pesticides on serum transaminases in Mystus vittatus (African catfish).

Alterations in serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) levels of Mystus vittatus (African catfish) after exposure to subacute concentrations of thiotox (T), dichlorvos (D), and carbofuran (C) and their combinations C/T (antagonistic), T/D (additive) and (T + D)/C (synergistic) for a period of 30 days have been investigated. Alterations were more evident in SGOT than in SGPT. Maximum (92.5%) elevation was observed with SGOT at the highest concentration of (T + D)/C combination and the lowest (14.76%) at the lowest concentration of T/D combination. Significant (P less than 0.05) stimulation was observed except at the lowest concentration after all treatments.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1981

Effect of phenolic compounds on in vivo activity of glucose-6-phosphatase in certain tissues of Notopterus notopterus.

The effects of phenol (P), dinitrophenol (DNP), pentachlorophenol (PCP), and their three combinations--(PCP + DNP)/P (highly antagonistic), (DNP + P)/PCP (additive) and (P + DNP)/PCP (highly synergistic)-- on glucose-6-phosphatase activity in liver, brain, kidney and gills of Notopterus notopterus were studied at three sub-acute concentrations (1/10, 1/15 and 1/20 the fraction of the 96-h LC50) after 15 and 30 days of exposure. When these chemicals were used separately, PCP exerted more effect than DNP and P. Maximum (71.56%) and highly significant (P less than 0.001) inhibition was observed in liver at the highest concentration of (P + DNP)/PCP combination after 30 days exposure, and lowest (3.64%) and insignificant inhibition in kidney at 1/20 of the (PCP + DNP)/P combination after 15 days exposure. Significant (P less than 0.05, P less than 0.01) stimulation in kidney or no effect in other tissues was observed in lower concentrations of P, DNP and (PCP + DNP)/P.

2,4-Dinitrophenol↗
PubMed1981

Effects of phenolic compounds on in vivo blood parameters of a fish Notopterus notopterus.

Effects of phenol (P), dinitrophenol (DNP), pentachlorophenol (PCP) and their three combinations, antagonistic [(PCP + DNP)/P], additive [(DNP + P)/PCP] and synergistic [(P + DNP)/PCP], at three subacute concentrations (1/10th, 1/15th and 1/20th fractions of 96 h LC50) were determined on several blood parameters after 30 days exposure taking Notopterus notopterus as a test fish. Generally, RBC, WBC and PCV were found to be increased while CT, ESR, Hb, MCH, MCHC and MCV were decreased. However, PCP showed dual effects in many cases. CT and MCV were decreased in PCP alone and in (DNP + P)/PCP combination, while increased in (P + DNP)/PCP combinations while decreased in PCP alone. Again RBC and MCV were decreased/increased in DNP alone. Significance of findings is that these haematological parameters can be used as scientifically most accurate are reliable laboratory diagnostic indices by fish breeders, administrators and scientists as to know the state of health of fish population and to make warning about deleterious effects of phenolic compounds so that appropriate measure may be taken by all concerned to protect a valuable source of human food.

2,4-Dinitrophenol↗
PubMed1980

Effects of phenol and dinitrophenol on acid and alkaline phosphatases in tissues of a fish (Notopterus notopterus).

Specimens of a fresh water fish, Notopterus notopterus were exposed to either phenol (12.56 mg/L), dinitrtophenol (1.34 mg/L), or a mixture of the two (6.28 mg phenol + 0.67 mg dinitrophenol/L) for 72-hr. Surviving fish were sacrificed at 24-, 48-, and 72-hr after exposure, and tissue samples were taken for determining the acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase activities. Phenol, dinitrophenol, and mixtures of both, inhibited the activity of both enzymes in the kidney, heart, brain, gills, muscles, stomach, intestine, and pyloric caeca. dinitrophenol exerted more inhibition than phenol. In general, mixtures of phenol and dinitrophenol are somewhat more effective than either compound alone in the inhibition of enzyme activities.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

In vivo subacute physiological stress induced by phenolic compounds on acid and alkaline phosphatases in serum of a fish, Notopterus notopterus.

The in vivo effects of phenol (P), dinitrophenol (DNP), pentachlorophenol (PCP), and their combinations--antagonistic [(PCP + DNP)/P], additive [(DNP + P)/PCP] and synergistic [(P + DNP)/PCP] [18]--on acid and alkaline phosphatases in serum of Notopterus notopterus have been studied at three subacute levels (1/10, 1/15 and 1/20 of 96-h LC50) after 15 and 30 days of exposure. Stimulation in acid phosphatase was more pronounced than in alkaline phosphatase when the fish were exposed to P, DNP, PCP and (P + DNP)/PCP for both time intervals. In (PCP + DNP)/P and (DNP + P)/PCP, however, the stimulation was greater in alkaline phosphatase.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

Histo-chemical mapping of phosphomonoesterases in the gonads of Notopterus notopterus and Colisa fasciatus during different seasons. Part II. Adenosine triphosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase.

Histochemical techniques described by McManus (1960) have been applied in the fishes, Notopterus notopterus and Colisa fasciatus, for the study of Glucose-60phosphatase and adenosine triphosphatase in the four stages of gonads in different seasons. It has been observed that the activity of adenosine triphosphatase is more intense in comparison to the activity of Glucose-6-phosphatase in all the stages i.e. I (immature), II (maturing), III (mature) and IV (spent) of the gonads in both the fishes. The general tendency of the adenosine triphosphatase and Glucose-6-phosphatase distribution in the gonads are much more remarkable in stage II in comparison to stage I, III and IV. The stage I seems to be the stage of synthesis of these enzymes. In stage III and IV, these enzymes show the tendency of declination with the time period. The possible role of these enzymes seems to be the transport of glucose across the cell membrane involving phosphorylation and dephosphorylation which depend on the different stages of gonad maturation.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1980

Histochemical mapping of alkaline phosphatase in the digestive system of a few teleost fishes.

The alkaline phosphatase activity is mapped in all the parts of the digestive system of Colisa fasciatus, Macrognathus aculeatus, Notopterus notopterus and Nandus nandus. In the posterior region of the alimentary canal of all the 4 fishes the activity is poorer as compared to other parts. In Colisa fasciatus and Macrognathus aculeatus, the activity at the distal end of pyloric caeca is poorer as compared to the proximal part. In Notopterus notopterus and Nandus nandus however, it is practically of the same intensity at both the parts. Mucosal and submucosal layers have been found to have intense alkaline phosphatase activity as compared to muscularis and serosal layers. Except Nandus nandus, gastric glands of all the remaining fishes show partial activity of this enzyme. However, gastric epithelium of all the four fishes shows good activity. Hepatic cells are rich in alkaline phosphatase activity. The cytoplasm of the hepatic cells and pancreatic acinar cells have intense reaction. Presence of alkaline phosphatase is in relation with the secretory and absorption activity of tissue or cells.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1979

In vivo effect of the Syndets Idet 5L and Swanic 6L ON ATPase activity in the teleost, Channa punctatus.

Channa punctatus were exposed to various sub-lethal concentrations of Idet 5L and Swanic 6L for 25 and 50 days. Brain and gill homogenates were analyzed for enzyme activity from treated and untreated fish. Enzyme inhibitions were highest in oligomycin-insensitive Mg++ ATPase, with pronounced effects (over 65% inhibition) after 50 days exposure of fish to 7.5 mg/L concentration of Swanic 6L. Fish exposed to lowest concentrations of syndets showed an insignificant activation of Na+-K+ and oligomycin-sensitive Mg++ ATPases in the gill.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗